Paru-paru besi: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Paru-paru besi''' ([[pinjam terjemah]] dari {{lang-en|Iron lung}}) adalah jenis [[alat bantu pernapasan tekanan negatif]] (NPV), sebuah [[alat bantu pernapasan]] yang menutupi sebagian besar tubuh seseorang, dan memvariasikan [[Tekanan atmosfer|tekanan udara]] di ruang tertutup, untuk merangsang pernapasan.<ref name="non_invasive_domiciliary_ventilation_sheerson">Shneerson, Dr. John M., Newmarket General Hospital, ([[Newmarket, England|Newmarket, Suffolk, U.K.]]), [https://thorax.bmj.com/content/thoraxjnl/46/2/131.full.pdf "Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: negative pressure techniques,"] #5 of series "Assisted ventilation" in ''[[Thorax (journal)|Thorax]],'' 1991;46:131–35, retrieved April 12, 2020</ref><ref name="iron_lung_2016_01_11_openpediatrics_you_tube">Rockoff, Mark, M.D., [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUCqsl6JROg "The Iron Lung and Polio,"], video (8 minutes), January 11, 2016, OPENPediatrics and [[Boston Children's Hospital]] on [[YouTube]], retrieved April 11, 2020 (historical background and images, explanatory diagrams, and live demonstrations)</ref><ref name="what_is_the_background_2019_04_11medscape">Jackson, Christopher D., MD, Dept. of Internal Medicine, and Muthiah P Muthiah, MD, FCCP, D-ABSM, Assoc. Prof. of Medicine, Div. of Pulmonary / Critical Care / Sleep Medicine, [[University of Tennessee|Univ. of Tennessee]] College of Medicine-Memphis, et.al., [https://www.medscape.com/answers/304068-104770/what-is-the-background-of-the-iron-lung-form-of-mechanical-ventilation "What is the background of the iron lung form of mechanical ventilation?,"] April 11, 2019, Medscape, retrieved April 12, 2020 (short summary of iron history and technology, with photo)</ref><ref name="initiating_1988_3_intensive_care_med">Grum, Cyril M., MD, and Melvin L. Morganroth, MD, [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.980.7916&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Initiating Mechanical Ventilation,"] in ''[[Intensive Care Medicine]]'' 1988;3:6–20, retrieved April 12, 2020</ref> Alat ini membantu [[pernapasan]] ketika kendali terhadap otot pernapasan hilang, atau kerja pernapasan melebihi kemampuan orang tersebut.<ref name="non_invasive_domiciliary_ventilation_sheerson" /> Kebutuhan akan pengobatan ini dapat disebabkan oleh penyakit termasuk [[polio]] dan [[botulisme]] dan racun tertentu (sebagai contoh: [[barbiturat]] dan [[tubokurarina]]).

Penggunaan paru-paru besi sebagian besar sudah usang dalam pengobatan modern, karena terapi pernapasan yang lebih modern telah dikembangkan,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Corrado|first=A.|last2=Ginanni|first2=R.|last3=Villella|first3=G.|last4=Gorini|first4=M.|last5=Augustynen|first5=A.|last6=Tozzi|first6=D.|last7=Peris|first7=A.|last8=Grifoni|first8=S.|last9=Messori|first9=A.|last10=Nozzoli|first10=C.|last11=Berni|first11=G.|date=March 2004|title=Iron lung versus conventional mechanical ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15065832/|journal=The European Respiratory Journal|volume=23|issue=3|pages=419–24|doi=10.1183/09031936.04.00029304|issn=0903-1936|pmid=15065832|doi-access=free}}</ref> dan karena pemberantasan polio di sebagian besar dunia.<ref name="americas_last_2017_11_22_independent_co_uk">{{cite web|title=America's last iron lung users on their lives spent inside obsolete ventilators|work=[[The Independent]]|first=Andrew|last=Buncombe|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/polio-iron-lung-survivors-photos-lives-inside-ventilators-a8070881.html|date=November 22, 2017}}</ref> Namun, pada tahun 2020, [[pandemi Covid-19]] menghidupkan kembali minat pada perangkat sebagai pengganti alat bantu pernapasan tekanan positif, yang murah dan cenderung lebih mudah dibuat, yang sebelumnya dikhawatirkan akan kalah jumlah oleh pasien yang berpotensi membutuhkan bantuan pernapasan buatan sementara jika tidak kembali memakai alat ini.<ref name="modern_iron_lung_2020_04_06_newatlas">[https://newatlas.com/medical/british-engineers-modern-iron-lung-covid-19-ventilator-alternative/ "Modern iron lung designed to address ventilator shortage,"], April 6, 2020, ''New Atlas,'' retrieved April 11, 2020</ref><ref name="alberta_team_2020_03_25_city_news">Laderas, Crystal, reporter: [https://edmonton.citynews.ca/2020/03/25/alberta-team-creates-breathing-machine-prototype-as-ventilator-backup/ "Alberta team building modern 'iron lung' for COVID-19 in dire environments,"], (video & text), March 25, 2020, as updated March 26, 2020, ''[[CityNews|City News]]'' / [[Citytv]], [[Edmonton, Alberta]], Canada – also broadcast as [https://www.660citynews.com/video/2020/03/25/bioengineers-build-modern-iron-lung-for-covid-19-in-dire-environments/ "Bioengineers build modern 'iron lung’ for COVID-19 in dire environments: Scientists build a prototype 'iron lung' for COVID-19 patients in crisis environments. The machine is a last resort for patients when hospital ventilators are not available,"] (video only), March 25, 2020, ''660 News'' / ''[[CityNews]]'' / [[Citytv]], [[Calgary, Alberta]], Canada, retrieved April 23, 2020</ref><ref name="one_kansas_company_2020_04_09_ksn_com">[https://www.ksn.com/news/one-kansas-company-is-switching-gears-to-make-iron-lung-ventilators/ "One Kansas company is switching gears to make iron lung ventilators,"] (video & text), April 10, 2020, ''[[KSNW-TV]],'' retrieved April 11, 2020</ref><ref name="hess_offers_2020_04_09_hdnews_net">Allen, Margaret, [https://www.hdnews.net/news/20200409/hess-offers-iron-lung-for-covid-19 "Hess offers iron lung for COVID-19,"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225155211/https://www.hdnews.net/news/20200409/hess-offers-iron-lung-for-covid-19 |date=2021-02-25 }} April 9, 2020, ''[[Hays Daily News]],'' retrieved April 11, 2020</ref>

* [[Elizabeth Berg (author)|Elizabeth Berg]] shares a fictionalization of the [[True Story (film)|true story]] of Pat Raming, the first woman to give birth to a baby while in an iron lung, in her book, ''We are All Welcome Here''. 2006.{{ISBN?}}

* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10297356 "A medical triumph: The iron lung"], January–February 1979 ''[[Respiratory Therapy (journal)|Respir Ther.]]'', 9(1):71–73, on [[PubMed]], NCBI, [[National Institutes of Health]]