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Baris 1:
{{distinguish|Sudan}}'''Sudan Selatan''', secara resmi bernama '''Republik Sudan Selatan''',<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2011/07/08/general-af-south-sudan-independence_8556235.html |title = South Sudan becomes world's newest nation |publisher = Forbes.com |date = |accessdate = 9 July 2011 |archive-date = 2011-07-12 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110712012350/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2011/07/08/general-af-south-sudan-independence_8556235.html |dead-url = yes }}</ref> adalah sebuah negara di [[Afrika Timur]]. Ibu kota dan kota terbesarnya adalah [[Juba, Sudan Selatan|Juba]], terletak di negara bagian [[Khatulistiwa Tengah]] sebelah selatan. [[Negara terkurung daratan]] ini berbatasan dengan [[Ethiopia]] di sebelah timur; [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], dan [[Republik Demokratik Kongo]] di sebelah selatan; [[Republik Afrika Tengah]] di sebelah barat; dan [[Sudan]] di sebelah utara. Sudan Selatan meliputi kawasan [[rawa]] yang luas, [[Sudd]], yang dibentuk oleh [[Nil Putih]], secara lokal disebut ''[[Bahrul Jabal]]''.
{{distinguish|Sudan}}
{{Sudan Selatan infobox}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republik Sudan Selatan
| common_name = Sudan Selatan
| native_name =
| image_flag = Flag of South Sudan.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of South Sudan.svg
| symbol_type = Lambang
| other_symbol = [[File:Seal of South Sudan.svg|100px|link=Coat of arms of South Sudan]]
| other_symbol_type = {{lang|en|[[Lambang Sudan Selatan|logo]]}}<br />{{small|(Versi)}}
| motto = <br />"Justice, Liberty, Prosperity"
| national_anthem = <br />"[[South Sudan Oyee!]]"<div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center">[[File:South Sudan Oyee!.ogg]]</div>
| image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:South Sudan (orthographic projection) highlighted.svg|frameless]]|Tampilkan peta dunia|[[File:Location South Sudan AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Tampilkan peta Afrika|default=1}}
| map_caption = Sudan Selatan berwarna hijau tua, daerah yang disengketakan berwarna hijau muda
| capital = [[Juba]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|04|51|N|31|36|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]<ref name="engwork">{{cite web |url=http://www.goss-online.org/magnoliaPublic/en/home/mainColumnParagraphs/0/content_files/file/FINAL%20TCRSS.doc |title=The Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011 |access-date=12 July 2011 |publisher=Government of South Sudan |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://swap.stanford.edu/20110721121619/http://www.goss-online.org/magnoliaPublic/en/home/mainColumnParagraphs/0/content_files/file/FINAL%20TCRSS.doc |archive-date=21 July 2011}} Part One, 6(2). "English shall be the official working language in the Republic of South Sudan".</ref>
| national_languages = {{hlist |[[Bahasa Dinka|Dinka]]|[[Bahasa Nuer|Nuer]]|[[Bahasa Murle|Murle]]|[[Bahasa Luo|Luo (Anyuak, Acholi, Shilluk, Pari, Jur-Luo, others)]] ||[[Bahasa Ma'di|Ma'di]] |[[Bahasa Otuho|Otuho]] |[[Suku Zande|Zande]]}} <div style="line-height:1.25em;font-size:80%;">dan sekitar 60 bahasa lainnya</div>{{#tag:ref|The Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, Part One, 6(1): "All indigenous languages of South Sudan are national languages and shall be respected, developed and promoted".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/IMG/pdf/The_Draft_Transitional_Constitution_of_the_ROSS2-2.pdf|title=The Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011|access-date=18 November 2016|publisher=Government of South Sudan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170732/http://www.sudantribune.com/IMG/pdf/The_Draft_Transitional_Constitution_of_the_ROSS2-2.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>|group=note}}
| languages_type = Bahasa yang diucapkan<ref name=Ethnologue>[[Ethnologue]]: [https://www.ethnologue.com/country/SS/languages ''Ethnologue Languages of the World – South Sudan''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909150520/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/SS/languages |date=9 September 2018 }}, Retrieved 9 September 2018.</ref>
| languages = {{hlist|[[Bahasa Bari|Bari]]|[[Bahasa Arab Juba]]<ref name=UNICEF>[[UNICEF|United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)]]: [https://www.unicef.org/esaro/UNICEF(2016)LanguageandLearning-SouthSudan-CaseStudy.pdf ''The impact of language policy and practice on children's learning: Evidence from Eastern and Southern Africa 2016''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913183348/https://www.unicef.org/esaro/UNICEF(2016)LanguageandLearning-SouthSudan-CaseStudy.pdf |date=13 September 2017 }} (PDF; 672&nbsp;kB), Pages&nbsp;1–3, Retrieved 9 September 2018</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=Juba Arabic (Árabi Júba): a "less indigenous" language of South Sudan |url=https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/handle/2318/1702685/508881/06%20ManfrediTosco.pdf |last=Manfredi |first=Stefano |journal=Sociolinguistic Studies |year=2018 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=209–230|doi=10.1558/sols.35596 |hdl=2318/1702685 |s2cid=150503108 }}</ref><ref>Manfredi Stefano; Tosco Mauro (2016), [https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01357537/document ''A new state, an old language policy, and a pidgin-creolo: Juba Arabic in South Sudan, Forthcoming: Sociolinguistic Studies 2016''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101013034/https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01357537/document |date=1 November 2018 }} (PDF; 1141&nbsp;kB), Pages&nbsp;1–18, Retrieved 9 September 2018</ref><ref>Manfredi Stefano; Tosco Mauro (2013), [https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01102624/document ''Language uses vs. language policy: South Sudan and Juba Arabic in the post-independence era''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909150639/https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01102624/document |date=9 September 2018 }} (PDF; 301&nbsp;kB), Pages&nbsp;798–802, III Congresso Coordinamento Universitario per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo, Sep 2013, Turin, Italy. JUNCO, Journal of Universities and International Development Cooperation, 2014, Imagining Cultures of Cooperation – Proceedings of the III CUCS Congress, Turin 19–21 September 2013, Retrieved 9 September 2018</ref> |[[Bahasa Nuer|Nuer]]|[[Suku Zande|Zande]] |[[Bahasa Jur|Jur (Luo)]] |[[Bahasa Murle|Murle]] |[[Bahasa Shiluk|Shilluk]] |[[Bahasa Kanuri|Kanuri]]|[[Bahasa Sudan Selatan|berbagai lainnya]]}}
| demonym = South Sudanese
| government_type = [[Negara kesatuan]] [[Federalisme|Federal]] [[Pemerintahan sementara|sementara]]<ref>{{cite news|title= South Sudan's transitional government: realities, challenges and opportunities|url= https://issafrica.org/research/east-africa-report/south-sudans-transitional-government-realities-challenges-and-opportunities |work= Emmaculate Asige Liaga|date=25 October 2021|language=en|access-date=18 December 2021}}</ref>
| leader_title1 = [[Daftar Presiden Sudan Selatan|Presiden]]
| leader_name1 = [[Salva Kiir Mayardit]]
| leader_title2 = [[Daftar Presiden Sudan Selatan|Wakil Presiden]]
| leader_name2 = [[Riek Machar]]
| leader_title3 = [[Majelis Legislatif Nasional (Sudan Selatan)|Juru Bicara]]
| leader_name3 = [[Jemma Nunu Kumba]]
| leader_title4 = [[Mahkamah Agung Sudan Selatan|Ketua Mahkamah Agung]]
| leader_name4 = [[Chan Reec Madut]]
| leader_title5 =
| leader_name5 =
| leader_title6 =
| leader_name6 =
| legislature = [[Legislatif Nasional (Sudan Selatan)|Legislatif Nasional Transisi]]
| upper_house = [[Dewan Negara (Sudan Selatan)|Dewan Negara]]
| lower_house = [[Majelis Legislatif Nasional (Sudan Selatan)|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Peralihan]]
| sovereignty_type = [[Sejarah Sudan Selatan|Kemerdekaan]]
| sovereignty_note = dari [[Sudan]]
| established_event1 = [[Pemerintah Sudan Selatan (2005–2011)|Otonomi]]
| established_date1 = 9 Juli 2005
| established_event2 = [[Referendum kemerdekaan Sudan Selatan 2011|Dinyatakan dan diakui]]
| established_date2 = 9 Juli 2011
| area_km2 = 644329
| area_rank = 41st <!--should be same as listed on [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]-->
| area_sq_mi = 400453.1
| percent_water =
| population_estimate = 11,544,905<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-sudan/|title=The World Factbook: South Sudan|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|date=September 2022|language=en|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2022
| population_estimate_rank = 82
| population_density_km2 = 13.33
| population_density_sq_mi = 34.52
| population_density_rank = 214
| GDP_PPP = $18.435 miliar<ref name=IMF />
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $1,609<ref name=IMF /><!--Do not use CIA factbook as source!-->
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 190
| GDP_nominal = $3.194 miliar<ref name=IMF>{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=55&pr.y=14&sy=2018&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=733&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=South Sudan|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|work=World Economic Outlook Database|access-date=10 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319145424/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=55&pr.y=14&sy=2018&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=733&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|archive-date=19 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><!--Do not use CIA factbook as source!-->
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $326<ref name=IMF />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 194
| Gini = 44.1 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year = 2016
| Gini_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=16 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511044958/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |archive-date=11 May 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI = 0.385 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year = 2021
| HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 191
| currency = [[Pound Sudan Selatan]]
| currency_code = SSP
| time_zone = [[Daftar nama zona waktu|Waktu Afrika Tengah]]
| utc_offset = +2
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = kanan<ref>{{cite web |title=Traffic and Road Conditions in Sudan, South |url=https://www.countryreports.org/travel/southsudan/traffic.htm |publisher=Countryreports.org |access-date=21 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121233247/https://www.countryreports.org/travel/southsudan/traffic.htm |archive-date=21 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| calling_code = [[Daftar kode telepon negara di dunia|+211]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=Negara baru, nomor baru: Kode negara 211 secara resmi ditugaskan ke Sudan Selatan |publisher=International Telecommunication Union |date=14 July 2011 |url=http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2011/25.aspx |access-date=20 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005151037/http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2011/25.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2011 |url-status=live }} {{Cite web |url=http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2011/25.aspx |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2023-03-13 |archive-date=2011-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005151037/http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2011/25.aspx |dead-url=unfit }}</ref>
| iso3166code = SS
| cctld = [[.ss]]<ref name="iana">{{cite web |url=https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/ss.html |title=.ss Domain Delegation Data |work=[[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]] |publisher=[[ICANN]] |access-date=1 September 2011 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/666aOCeg2?url=http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/ss.html |archive-date=12 March 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref><sup>a</sup>
| footnote_a = Terdaftar dan beroperasi sejak 2019
| religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|60.5% [[Kekristenan|Kristen]]
|32.9% [[Agama tradisional Afrika|Kepercayaan tradisional]]
|6.2% [[Islam]]
|0.4% [[Agama di Sudan Selatan|Lainnya]] / [[Tidak beragama|Tidak ada]]
}}
| religion_year = 2020
| religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/south-sudan#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 |title=South Sudan |work=Global Religious Futures |publisher=Pew Research Center |access-date=1 July 2021 }}</ref>
| today =
| org_type =
}}
 
'''Sudan Selatan''', secara resmi bernama '''Republik Sudan Selatan''',<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2011/07/08/general-af-south-sudan-independence_8556235.html |title = South Sudan becomes world's newest nation |publisher = Forbes.com |date = |accessdate = 9 July 2011 |archive-date = 2011-07-12 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110712012350/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2011/07/08/general-af-south-sudan-independence_8556235.html |dead-url = yes }}</ref> adalah sebuah negara di [[Afrika Timur]]. Ibu kota dan kota terbesarnya adalah [[Juba, Sudan Selatan|Juba]], terletak di negara bagian [[Khatulistiwa Tengah]] sebelah selatan. [[Negara terkurung daratan]] ini berbatasan dengan [[Ethiopia]] di sebelah timur; [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], dan [[Republik Demokratik Kongo]] di sebelah selatan; [[Republik Afrika Tengah]] di sebelah barat; dan [[Sudan]] di sebelah utara. Sudan Selatan meliputi kawasan [[rawa]] yang luas, [[Sudd]], yang dibentuk oleh [[Nil Putih]], secara lokal disebut ''[[Bahrul Jabal]]''.
 
Negara ini awalnya merupakan bagian dari [[Sudan Anglo-Mesir]], [[kondominium (hukum internasional)|kondominium]] [[Britania Raya|Britania]] dan [[Mesir]], dan kemudian menjadi bagian dari [[Republik Sudan]] ketika mencapai kemerdekaan pada 1956. Setelah [[Perang Saudara Sudan Pertama]], [[Pemerintah Sudan bagian Selatan (1972–1983)|Wilayah Otonomi Sudan bagian Selatan]] dibentuk pada 1972 dan berlangsung sampai dengan 1983. Kemudian terjadi [[Perang Saudara Sudan Kedua]] yang berakhir dengan [[Perjanjian Damai Komprehensif]] 2005. Selanjutnya pada tahun itu, otonomi selatan dikembalikan ketika [[Pemerintah Sudan bagian Selatan (2005–2011)|Pemerintah Otonomi Sudan bagian Selatan]] dibentuk. Sudan Selatan menjadi sebuah negara merdeka pada 9 Juli 2011 tengah malam (00:00) waktu setempat setelah [[Referendum kemerdekaan Sudan Selatan 2011|referendum]] yang diselenggarakan pada Januari 2011 menghasilkan sekitar 99% pemilih memilih untuk memisahkan diri dari Sudan.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web |url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14089843 |title = BBC News - South Sudan becomes an independent nation |first = Peter |last = Martell |work = BBC |year = 2011 [last update] |accessdate = 9 July 2011 |archive-date = 2011-07-09 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110709112842/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14089843 |dead-url = no }}</ref>
 
Baris 106 ⟶ 12:
Orang [[Bangsa Kakwa|Nilotik]] Sudan Selatan—[[Bahasa Dinka|Dinka]], [[Anyuak]], [[Suku Bari|Bari]], [[Acholi]], [[Suku Nuer|Nuer]], [[Orang Shilluk|Shilluk]], [[Orang Kaligi|Kaligi]] (Arab Feroghe), dan lain-lain, pertama kali memasuki Sudan Selatan sebelum abad kesepuluh atau bertepatan dengan jatuhnya [[Nubia|Nubia abad pertengahan]]. Dari abad ke-15 hingga ke-19, migrasi suku, sebagian besar dari wilayah [[Bahrul Ghazal|Bahr el Ghazal]], membawa suku Anyuak, Dinka, Nuer, dan Shilluk ke lokasi modern mereka di Bahr El Ghazal dan Wilayah Nil Atas, sedangkan [[Acholi]] dan Bari menetap di Khatulistiwa. [[Suku Zande|Zande]], [[Mundu]], [[Avukaya]] dan [[Orang M'Baka|Baka]], yang memasuki Sudan Selatan pada abad ke-16, mendirikan negara bagian Wilayah Khatulistiwa.
 
Kebijakan kolonial Inggris di Sudan memiliki sejarah panjang dalam menekankan perkembangan Arab utara, dan sebagian besar mengabaikan selatan Afrika Hitam, yang tidak memiliki sekolah, rumah sakit, jalan, jembatan, dan infrastruktur dasar lainnya. Setelah pemilu independen pertama Sudan pada tahun 1958, terus diabaikannya wilayah selatan oleh pemerintah [[Khartoum]] menyebabkan pemberontakan, pemberontakan, dan perang sipil terpanjang di benua itu.<ref>Matthew LeRiche, Matthew Arnold. South Sudan: from revolution to independence. 2012. Columbia University Press. New York. {{ISBN|978-0-231-70414-4}}</ref><ref>[[Richard Cockett]] Sudan: Darfur and the failure of an African state. 2010. Hobbs the Printers Ltd., Totten, Hampshire. {{ISBN|978-0-300-16273-8}}</ref>
 
===Kemerdekaan (2011)===
Baris 112 ⟶ 18:
Antara tanggal 9 dan 15 Januari 2011, sebagai konsekuensi dari Perjanjian Perdamaian Komprehensif, [[Referendum kemerdekaan Sudan Selatan 2011|referendum]] diadakan untuk menentukan apakah Sudan Selatan harus menjadi negara merdeka dan terpisah dari Sudan, dan 98,83% dari mereka yang ikut memilih untuk merdeka.<ref>{{cite news |work=USA Today |title=Over 99 pct in Southern Sudan vote for secession |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/topstories/2011-01-30-2052877353_x.htm |access-date=30 January 2011 |date=30 January 2011 |first=Maggie |last=Fick |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110202151710/http://www.usatoday.com/news/topstories/2011-01-30-2052877353_x.htm |archive-date=2 February 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Pada tanggal 23 Januari 2011, anggota komite pengarah untuk pemerintahan pasca-kemerdekaan mengatakan kepada wartawan bahwa setelah kemerdekaan, tanah tersebut akan diberi nama Republik Sudan Selatan "karena keakraban dan kenyamanan". Nama lain yang telah dipertimbangkan adalah [[Azania]], Republik Nil, Republik [[Kerajaan Kush|Kush]] dan bahkan Juwama, sebuah [[Lakuran (linguistik)|portmanteau]] untuk tiga kota besar yaitu [[Juba, Sudan Selatan|Juba]], [[Wau, Sudan Selatan|Wau]] dan [[Malakal]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/24/world/africa/24sudan.html|title=Southern Sudan Nears a Decision on One Matter: Its New Name|author=Kron, Josh|date=23 January 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Sudan Selatan secara resmi merdeka dari Sudan pada 9 Juli, meskipun perselisihan tertentu masih ada, termasuk pembagian pendapatan minyak, karena 75% dari semua cadangan minyak bekas Sudan berada di Sudan Selatan.<ref>{{cite news |work=BBC News |title=South Sudan profile |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14069082 |access-date=14 February 2014 |date=8 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214043200/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14069082 |archive-date=14 February 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Wilayah [[Abyei]] masih diperdebatkan dan referendum terpisah akan diadakan di Abyei tentang apakah mereka ingin bergabung dengan Sudan atau Sudan Selatan.<ref>{{cite news |last=News |first=BBC |title=99.57% of Southern Sudanese vote yes to independence |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12317927 |access-date=30 January 2011 |date=30 January 2011 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110130081322/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12317927 |archive-date=30 January 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
Pada 9 Juli 2011, Sudan Selatan menjadi negara merdeka ke-54 di Afrika<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14089843 South Sudan becomes an independent nation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010213502/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14089843 |date=10 October 2018 }}, dan sejak 14 Juli 2011, Sudan Selatan menjadi anggota ke-193 [[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2011/07/381552|title=UN welcomes South Sudan as 193rd Member State|date=14 July 2011|website=UN News|access-date=31 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128123134/https://news.un.org/en/story/2011/07/381552|archive-date=28 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada 27 Juli 2011, Sudan Selatan menjadi negara ke-54 yang bergabung dengan [[Uni Afrika]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.au.int/en/content/african-union-welcomes-south-sudan-54th-member-state-union|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812031145/http://www.au.int/en/content/african-union-welcomes-south-sudan-54th-member-state-union|url-status=dead|title=au.int: ''African Union Welcomes South Sudan as the 54th Member State of the Union''|archive-date=12 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=5 January 2011|title=The LRA and Sudan|work=[[Al Jazeera English]]|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/peopleandpower/2011/01/20111585750480428.html|url-status=live|access-date=3 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318090401/http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/peopleandpower/2011/01/20111585750480428.html|archive-date=18 March 2015}}</ref> Pada bulan September 2011, [[Google Maps]] mengakui Sudan Selatan sebagai negara merdeka, setelah inisiatif pemetaan crowdsourcing besar-besaran diluncurkan.<ref>{{Cite web|last=PiersDillonScott|date=17 September 2011|title=Google Maps officially recognises South Sudan as an independent country|url=https://sociable.co/web/google-maps-officially-recognises-south-sudan-as-an-independent-country/|access-date=11 March 2021|website=The Sociable|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
=== Bergabung dengan Afrika Timur ===
Baris 132 ⟶ 38:
 
Kawasan lindung [[Taman Nasional Bandingilo]] di Sudan Selatan menampung migrasi [[Lintasan satwa liar|satwa liar]] terbesar kedua di dunia. Survei mengungkapkan bahwa [[Taman Nasional Boma]], di sebelah barat yang berbatasan dengan Etiopia, serta lahan basah [[Sudd]] dan [[Taman Nasional Selatan]] dekat perbatasan dengan Kongo, menyediakan habitat bagi populasi besar [[hartebeest]], [[kob]], [[Kerbau afrika|kerbau]], gajah, jerapah, dan singa.
[[File:Судд.jpg|thumb|Pemukiman di rawa Sudd]]
 
Cagar alam hutan Sudan Selatan juga menyediakan habitat bagi [[Bongo (kijang)|bongo]], [[Hylochoerus meinertzhageni|babi hutan raksasa]], [[Potamochoerus porcus|babi sungai merah]], gajah hutan, [[Simpanse|simpanse]], dan [[monyet]]. Survei yang dimulai pada tahun 2005 oleh [[Masyarakat Konservasi Satwa Liar|WCS]] dalam kemitraan dengan pemerintah semi-otonom Sudan Selatan mengungkapkan bahwa populasi satwa liar yang signifikan, meskipun berkurang, masih ada, dan yang mengherankan, migrasi besar-besaran 1,3 juta antelop di tenggara secara substansial utuh.
 
=== Iklim ===
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===Minyak===
Ladang minyak di selatan sudan sangat penting bagi perekonomian sejak akhir abad ke-20. Sudan Selatan memiliki [[Cadangan minyak bumi|cadangan minyak]] terbesar ketiga di [[Afrika Sub-Sahara]]. Namun, setelah Sudan Selatan menjadi negara merdeka pada Juli 2011, negosiator selatan dan utara adalah tidak segera dapat mencapai kesepakatan tentang bagaimana membagi pendapatan dari ladang minyak selatan ini.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/10/world/africa/10sudan.html?_r=1&hp=&adxnnl=1&pagewanted=2&adxnnlx=1310234502-5nvX4GUBg0fK28Wp4PYaEA |title=After Years of Struggle, South Sudan Becomes a New Nation |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=9 July 2011 |first=Jeffrey |last=Gettleman |access-date=28 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222195809/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/10/world/africa/10sudan.html?_r=1&hp=&adxnnl=1&pagewanted=2&adxnnlx=1310234502-5nvX4GUBg0fK28Wp4PYaEA |archive-date=22 February 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
[[File:Sudan Map Oelgas.png|thumb|upright=1.15|Konsesi minyak dan gas di Sudan – 2004]]
Baris 294 ⟶ 200:
=== Agama ===
[[File:Romic.jpg|thumb|Misa Minggu di [[Keuskupan Rumbek]]]]
Agama yang dianut oleh warga negara [[Sudan Selatan]] termasuk [[Agama tradisional Afrika|agama]] tradisional, [[Kekristenan|Kristen]] dan [[Islam]].<ref>{{cite news|title=South Sudan's Muslims welcome secession|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=169306|newspaper=The Daily Star|date=9 January 2011|access-date=16 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024203009/http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=169306|archive-date=24 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=South Sudan profile |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14069082 |newspaper=BBC News |date=8 July 2011 |access-date=9 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708021732/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14069082 |archive-date=8 July 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Sensus]] terakhir yang menyebutkan agama orang selatan berasal dari tahun 1956 di mana mayoritas diklasifikasikan mengikuti kepercayaan tradisional atau [[Kekristenan|Kristen]] sementara 18% adalah [[Muslim]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=169306 |title=South Sudan's Muslims welcome secession |publisher=[[Agence France-Presse]] |access-date=15 August 2011 |date=8 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024203009/http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=169306 |archive-date=24 October 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Secara ilmiah<ref>{{cite book|first=Eric |last=Kaufmann |title=Rethinking ethnicity: majority groups and dominant minorities|publisher=Routledge|year= 2004|page=45|isbn=978-0-203-56339-7|author-link=Eric Kaufmann}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Minahan, J.|title=Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofst0001mina|publisher= Greenwood Press|year= 2002|page=1786 |isbn=978-0-313-32384-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Arnold, G|title=Book Review: Douglas H. Johnson, The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars| journal=African Journal of Political Science |volume=8 |year=2003| page=147 |issue=1}}</ref> dan dari beberapa sumber [[Departemen Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]], menyatakan bahwa mayoritas orang Sudan selatan mempertahankan kepercayaan adat tradisional (kadang-kadang disebut sebagai [[Animisme|animis]]) dengan mereka yang mengikuti agama Kristen sebagai minoritas. Namun, menurut Laporan Kebebasan Beragama Internasional dari [[Departemen Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]] tahun 2012, mayoritas penduduk memeluk agama Kristen, sementara statistik yang dapat diandalkan tentang kepercayaan animisme dan Muslim tidak tersedia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2012&dlid=208198|title=International Religious Freedom Report 2012 – South Sudan|publisher=[[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]]|access-date=9 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212213323/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2012&dlid=208198|archive-date=12 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
== Budaya ==
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{{Authority control}}
 
<references group="note" />
 
[[Kategori:Sudan Selatan| ]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Sudan_Selatan"