Suraqah bin Amr: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{infobox military person
| name = Suraqah bin Amr
| death_place = [[Derbent|Bab al-Abwab]]
| battles = [[:ar:الفتح الإسلامي لأرمينية|Penaklukan Armenia]]
| nickname = Dzun Nur
}}
'''Suraqah bin Amr''' ({{lang-ar|سُرَاقَة بن عَمْرو}}) adalah seorang jenderal [[Bangsa Arab|Arab]] pada masa [[Kekhalifahan Rasyidin]] yang turut serta dalam [[Penaklukan Muslim Awal]].<ref name="Al-A'lam">{{cite book |title=Al-A'lam Az-Zarkali - Suraqah bin Amr |author=Khairuddin Az-Zarkali |author-link=Khairuddin Az-Zarkali |language=ar |website=shamela.ws |volume=3 |page=80 |url=https://shamela.ws/book/12286/2166 |access-date=2024-05-09 |archive-date=2022-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108223158/https://shamela.ws/book/12286/2166 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Ia termasuk dalam kelompok [[sahabat Nabi]] dan meninggal pada masa kekhalifahan [[Umar bin Khattab]].<ref name="Usud">{{cite book
| title = Kitab Usud al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat ash-Shahabah - Suraqah bin Amr - Al-Maktaba al-Shamela al-Haditha
| page = 178
| volume = 2
| author-link = Ibnul Atsir al-Jazari
| author = Ibnul Atsir al-Jazari
| language = ar
| website = shamela.ws
| url = https://shamela.ws/book/23700/787#p1
| access-date = 2024-05-09
| archive-date = 2024-05-09
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240509143140/https://shamela.ws/book/23700/787#p1
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>
== Biografi ==
Nama lengkapnya adalah Suraqah bin Amr bin Labnah.<ref name="Al-A'lam" /> Ia dijuluki sebagai Dzun Nur (ذو النور, sang pemilik cahaya).<ref name="Al-A'lam" /><ref name="Kotob">{{Cite book |title=AL FAROUK OMAR IBN AL-KHATTAB THE SECOND CALIPH |page=266 |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Q_1sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA266&dq=suraqa+ibn+amr&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjiws6jiv6FAxXt1TgGHaBTDWsQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=suraqa%20ibn%20amr&f=false |id=ISBN 9782745155610, 274515561X |date=2007 |format=Bukel |publisher=Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية |language=en |author=MOHAMMAD RIDA |editor=WALID F. JAMMAL }}</ref> Julukan Dzun Nur juga dimiliki oleh sahabat lain yang bernama [[Thufail bin Amr Ad-Dausi|ath-Thufail bin Amr ad-Dausi]] dan [[Abdurrahman bin Rabi'ah al-Bahili]].<ref>{{cite book
| title = Kitab al-Ishabah fi Tamyiz ash-Shahabah - Dzun Nur - Al-Maktaba al-Shamela al-Haditha
| page = 349
Baris 19 ⟶ 36:
}}</ref>
Pada masa kekhalifahan [[Umar bin Khattab]], Suraqah dikirim untuk [[:ar:الفتح الإسلامي لأرمينية|menaklukkan Armenia]]. Ia kemudian mencapai kota [[Derbent|Bab al-Abwab]] atau yang dikenal dengan nama al-Bab. Pasukan barisan depannya dipimpin oleh Abdurrahman bin Rabi'ah.<ref name="Al-Isti'ab">{{cite book|title=Kitab Al-Isti'ab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab - Suraqah bin Amr - Al-Maktaba al-Shamela al-Haditha|page=580|volume=2|author-link=Ibnu Abdil Barr|author=Ibnu Abdil Barr|language=ar|website=shamela.ws|url=https://shamela.ws/book/12288/578|access-date=2024-05-09|archive-date=2022-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922134105/https://shamela.ws/book/12288/578|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Ishabah2" /><ref>{{Cite book
| title = The History of Al-Ṭabarī Vol. 14: The Conquest of Iran A.D. 641-643/A.H. 21-23
| url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=fRjsrA5tfLIC&pg=PA34&dq=suraqa+b.+amr&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjIgs_kif6FAxUrn2MGHVCaB9QQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=suraqa%20b.%20amr&f=false
| id = ISBN 9781438420394, 1438420390
| date = 16-06-2015
| format = Bukel
| publisher = State University of New York Press
| language = en
| translator = G. Rex Smith
| page = 34
| ref = harv
}}</ref> Bab al-Abwab berhasil ditaklukkan pada tahun 643 dan Suraqah membuat perjanjian dengan penduduknya yang terdiri dari penduduk [[Arminiya|Arminiyah]] dan [[Bangsa Armenia|Arman]].<ref>{{Cite book| title=Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Khilafah Bani Umayyah| url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=mr_cDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA444&dq=suraqah+bin+amr&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8x926jPmFAxUq1zgGHW3eAGsQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=suraqah%20bin%20amr&f=false| page=444| format=Bukel| publisher=Pustaka Al-Kautsar| author=Prof. Dr. Abdussyafi Muhammad Abdul Lathif| access-date=2024-05-06| archive-date=2024-05-06| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506145114/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=mr_cDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA444&dq=suraqah+bin+amr&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8x926jPmFAxUq1zgGHW3eAGsQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=suraqah%20bin%20amr&f=false#v=onepage&q=suraqah%20bin%20amr&f=false| dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Al-A'lam" /><ref>{{Cite book | title=Buku Pintar Sejarah & Peradaban Islam | format=Bukel | publisher=Pustaka Al-Kautsar | author=Dr. Salamah Muhammad Al-Harafi | page=70 | url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=x9vdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70&dq=bab+al+abwab&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&sqi=2&pjf=1&ved=2ahUKEwjPsLaPjP6FAxUmyDgGHfRqBF4Q6AF6BAgHEAM#v=onepage&q=bab%20al%20abwab&f=false | access-date=2024-05-09 | archive-date=2024-05-14 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514064605/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=x9vdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70&dq=bab+al+abwab&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&sqi=2&pjf=1&ved=2ahUKEwjPsLaPjP6FAxUmyDgGHfRqBF4Q6AF6BAgHEAM#v=onepage&q=bab%20al%20abwab&f=false#v=onepage&q=bab%20al%20abwab&f=false | dead-url=no }}</ref>{{sfn|G. Rex Smith|p=36}}
Suraqah bin Amr meninggal di Bab al-Abwab.<ref>{{Cite book
Suraqah bin Amr meninggal di sana ketika Umar masih menjadi khalifah. Kedudukannya sebagai jenderal digantikan oleh Abdurrahman bin Rabi'ah dan Umar menyetujuinya.▼
| title = Al-Bidayah wan Nihayah – Penaklukan al-Bab
| first = Ibnu Katsir
| last = Ismail bin Umar bin Katsir al-Qurasyi ad-Dimasyqi
| author-link = Ibnu Katsir
| language = ar
| website = www.islamweb.net
| volume = 10
| page = 156
| url = https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/59/789/%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8
| access-date = 2024-05-14
| archive-date = 2024-05-14
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240514064615/https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/59/789/%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8
| dead-url = no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
| title = Kitab al-Kamil fi at-Tarikh - Penyebutan Penaklukan al-Bab - Al-Maktaba al-Shamela al-Haditha
| page = 410
| volume = 2
| author = Ibnul Atsir al-Jazari
| language = ar
| website = shamela.ws
| quote = ذكر فَتْحِ الْبَابِ
| url = https://shamela.ws/book/21712/1100#p1
| access-date = 2024-05-14
| archive-date = 2024-05-14
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240514064556/https://shamela.ws/book/21712/1100#p1
| dead-url = no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
| title = Kitab al-Kamil fi at-Tarikh - Penyebutan Penaklukan al-Bab (bagian kedua) - Al-Maktaba al-Shamela al-Haditha
| page = 411
| volume = 2
| author = Ibnul Atsir al-Jazari
| language = ar
| website = shamela.ws
| url = https://shamela.ws/book/21712/1101#p1
| access-date = 2024-05-14
| archive-date = 2024-05-14
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240514064557/https://shamela.ws/book/21712/1101#p1
| dead-url = no
▲
| title = Kitab al-Ishabah fi Tamyiz ash-Shahabah - Suraqah bin Amr - Al-Maktaba al-Shamela al-Haditha
| page = 34
| volume = 3
| author = Ibnu Hajar al-'Asqalani
| language = ar
| website = shamela.ws
| url = https://shamela.ws/book/9767/1265
| access-date = 2024-05-09
| archive-date = 2024-05-09
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240509135522/https://shamela.ws/book/9767/1265
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
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