Jihadisme: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Jihadisme''' adalah sebuah [[neologisme]] yang dipakai dalam rujukan kepada "gerakan Islamis militan yang keberadaannya dianggap mengancam Barat" dan "berakar dalam [[politik Islam]]."<ref name=ccnrm-263>Compare: {{cite book |author-last=Firestone |author-first=Reuven |author-link=Reuven Firestone |year=2012 |chapter="Jihadism" as a new religious movement |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RM0AAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA263 |editor1-last=Hammer |editor1-first=Olav |editor1-link=Olav Hammer |editor2-last=Rothstein |editor2-first=Mikael |editor2-link=Mikael Rothstein |title=The Cambridge Companion to New Religious Movements |location=[[Cambridge]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=263–285 |doi=10.1017/CCOL9780521196505.018 |isbn=978-0-521-19650-5 |lccn=2012015440 |s2cid=156374198 |quote='Jihadism' is a term that has been constructed in Western languages to describe militant Islamic movements that are perceived as existentially threatening to the West. Western media have tended to refer to Jihadism as a military movement which is rooted in political Islam. [...] 'Jihadism,' like the word ''[[jihad]]'' from which it is constructed, is a difficult term to precisely define. The meaning of Jihadism is a virtual moving target because it remains a recent neologism and no single, generally accepted meaning has been developed for it.}}</ref> Mula-mula muncul dalam media [[Pakistan]] dan [[India]], para [[wartawan]] Barat mengadopsi istilah tersebut setelah [[serangan 11 September]] 2001.<ref name=Kramer/> Sejak itu, istilah tersebut diterapkan kepada berbagai tokoh dan organisasi [[ekstrimisme Islam|ekstrimis Islam]], [[Islamisme|Islamis]] [[militan]], dan [[terorisme Islam|teroris]] yang memiliki ideologi yang berdasarkan pada gagasan [[Islam]] dari ''[[jihad]]''.<ref name="Poljarevic 2021">{{cite book |author-last=Poljarevic |author-first=Emin |year=2021 |chapter=Theology of Violence-oriented Takfirism as a Political Theory: The Case of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) |editor1-last=Cusack |editor1-first=Carole M. |editor1-link=Carole M. Cusack |editor2-last=Upal |editor2-first=M. Afzal |editor2-link=Afzal Upal |title=Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements |location=[[Leiden]] and [[Boston]] |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |series=Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion |volume=21 |doi=10.1163/9789004435544_026 |doi-access=free |isbn=978-90-04-43554-4 |issn=1874-6691 |pages=485–512}}</ref><ref name="DeLong-Bas 2018">{{cite encyclopedia |author-last=DeLong-Bas |author-first=Natana J. |author-link=Natana J. DeLong-Bas |date=22 February 2018 |origyear=10 May 2017 |title=Jihad |encyclopedia=Oxford Bibliographies – Islamic Studies |location=[[Oxford]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |doi=10.1093/obo/9780195390155-0045 |url=http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0045.xml |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629215212/http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0045.xml |archive-date=29 June 2016 |access-date=25 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="Badara 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Badara |first1=Mohamed |last2=Nagata |first2=Masaki |date=November 2017 |title=Modern Extremist Groups and the Division of the World: A Critique from an Islamic Perspective |journal=[[Arab Law Quarterly]] |location=[[Leiden]] |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |volume=31 |issue=4 |doi=10.1163/15730255-12314024 |doi-access=free |issn=1573-0255 |pages=305–335}}</ref><ref name="Cook 2015">{{cite book |last=Cook |first=David |author-link=David Cook (historian) |year=2015 |origyear=2005 |chapter=Radical Islam and Contemporary Jihad Theory |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SqE2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 |title=Understanding Jihad |location=[[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |edition=2nd |pages=93-127 |isbn=9780520287327 |jstor=10.1525/j.ctv1xxt55.10 |lccn=2015010201}}</ref>