Giant (toko swalayan): Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Butuh penyuntingan lanjutan|$N=Copy edit|date=Mei 2024}}
{{Infobox company
| company_name = GCH
| company_logo
| logo_caption = Logo kedua Giant Hypermarket sejak tahun 2021-sekarang.
| trading_name = Giant
| company_type = [[Perusahaan swasta|Swasta]]
| owner = Keluarga Teng (1944–1999)<br />[[Dairy Farm International Holdings|DFI Retail Group]] (1999–2023)<br />[[Hero Supermarket Group]] (2002–2021, gerai di Indonesia)<br />Macrovalue (2023–sekarang)
| company_slogan =
|
| founder =
| location = [[Shah Alam]], [[Selangor]], [[Malaysia]]
| key_people = [[Ronald J. Floto]] (CEO)<br />[[Simon Keswick]] (Ketua)<br />[[Howard Mowlem]] (Ketua/Direktur Keuangan)
| industry = Ritel
| num_employees
| products
| revenue
| net_income
| homepage
}} '''GCH Retail (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd''' (beroperasi dengan [[nama dagang]] '''Giant''') adalah jaringan [[toko swalayan]] asal [[Malaysia]] yang memiliki gerai di Malaysia, [[Singapura]], [[Brunei Darussalam]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bt.com.bn/home_news/2008/03/23/bruneians_go_all_out_for_giant_bargains|title=Bruneians go all out for Giant bargains|author=Ubaidillah Masli|publisher=[[The Brunei Times]]|date=23 Maret 2008|access-date=16 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416064349/http://www.bt.com.bn/home_news/2008/03/23/bruneians_go_all_out_for_giant_bargains|archive-date=16 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> dan [[Kamboja]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.khmertimeskh.com/news/24085/malaysia---s-giant-opens-first-cambodia-supermarket/|title=Malaysia's Giant Opens First Cambodia Supermarket|publisher=Khmer Times|date=21 April 2016|access-date=22 Januari 2019}}{{Dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sebelumnya jaringan ini pernah menjangkau [[Indonesia]] (dikelola oleh [[Hero Supermarket Group]]) dan [[Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/19036/Supermarket-Giant-to-be-opened-in-Vietnam.html|title=Supermarket Giant to be opened in Vietnam|author=Quoc Hung|publisher=[[The Saigon Times]]|date=31 Agustus 2011|access-date=16 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416064628/http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/19036/Supermarket-Giant-to-be-opened-in-Vietnam.html|archive-date=16 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Per tahun 2016, Giant merupakan jaringan supermarket terbesar di Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Retail%20Foods_Kuala%20Lumpur_Malaysia_11-21-2016.pdf|title=Malaysia Retail Foods Annual 2016|author=Abdul Ghani Wahab|publisher=USDA Foreign Agricultural Service|date=21 November 2016|access-date=17 Februari 2018|archive-date=21 Desember 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221045221/http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Retail%20Foods_Kuala%20Lumpur_Malaysia_11-21-2016.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Sejarah==
[[Berkas:Logo of Giant Hypermarket.svg|jmpl|Logo pertama Giant Hypermarket telah digunakan sejak 1999-2020.]]
Giant didirikan pada 1944 sebagai sebuah toko kecil [[Kuala Lumpur]]. Bisnis Giant kemudian berkembang seiring dengan dibukanya [[Teng Minimarket Centre]] di [[Bangsar]] pada 1974.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82507476.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329113942/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82507476.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 March 2015|title=Giant TMC adopts e-commerce initiative|author=Ferina Manecksha|publisher=[[New Straits Times]] {{Subscription required|via=HighBeam}}|date=13 January 2000|access-date=16 April 2016}}</ref> Pada 1999, [[Dairy Farm International Holdings]] membeli 90% kepemilikan usaha, sementara keluarga Teng memiliki sisanya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82571812.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329113944/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82571812.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 March 2015|title=Giant TMC to open ninth outlet|publisher=New Straits Times {{Subscription required|via=HighBeam}}|date=16 October 2000|access-date=16 April 2016}}</ref> Hingga 2003, perusahaan pemilik Giant berganti nama menjadi Dairy Farm Giant Retail Sdn Bhd dan Giant telah memiliki delapan gerai hipermarket dan sepuluh supermarket. Saat ini, perusahaan tersebut beroperasi sebagai anak perusahaan Dairy Farm International Holdings Limited dan namanya berubah menjadi GCH Retail (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=5546725|title=Company Overview of GCH Retail (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|access-date=16 April 2016|archive-date=23 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423174448/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=5546725|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Berkas:Giant USJ 1.jpg|jmpl|Giant di [[Selangor]], [[Malaysia]].]]
Pada Desember 2011, Giant berkembang ke Vietnam.<ref>{{cite web|date=2019-06-30|title=10 Facts About Giant, The Supermarket From M'sia That is Everywhere in S'pore|url=https://goodyfeed.com/10-facts-about-giant-the-supermarket-from-msia-that-is-everywhere-in-spore/|access-date=2021-04-23|website=Goody Feed|language=en-US|archive-date=28 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528013046/https://goodyfeed.com/10-facts-about-giant-the-supermarket-from-msia-that-is-everywhere-in-spore/|url-status=live}}</ref> Meskipun demikian pada Februari 2018, kelompok usaha tersebut menyerahkan 100% kepemilikan usahanya di Vietnam kepada Asia Investment Supermarket Trading Co. Ltd. (AISTC). Langkah tersebut membuat hipermarket yang ada di Vietnam menjadi dioperasikan oleh [[Auchan|Auchan Retail Vietnam]] dan kelompok usaha Giant mendapatkan pendanaan sebesar US$6,4 juta.<ref name="Dairy Farm Annual Report 2018">{{cite web|title=Dairy Farm Annual Report 2018|url=https://www.dairyfarmgroup.com/DairyFarm/media/Dairy-Farm/Investors/Financial-Reports/ar2018.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107025454/https://www.dairyfarmgroup.com/DairyFarm/media/Dairy-Farm/Investors/Financial-Reports/ar2018.pdf|archive-date=7 January 2020|access-date=7 January 2020|website=www.dairyfarmgroup.com|page=102}}</ref> Oleh karena itu, Giant telah keluar dari bisnisnya di Vietnam.<ref name="Giant Vietnam">{{cite news|last1=Nhung|first1=Hong|date=30 November 2018|title=Giant hypermarket becomes Auchan Crescent Mall|work=vneconomictimes.com|publisher=Vietnam Economic Times|url=https://vneconomictimes.com/article/business/giant-hypermarket-becomes-auchan-crescent-mall|access-date=7 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107024023/https://vneconomictimes.com/article/business/giant-hypermarket-becomes-auchan-crescent-mall|archive-date=2 December 2018}}</ref><ref name="Dairy Farm Group">{{cite news|last1=Stockdill|first1=Robert|date=1 March 2019|title=Dairy Farm Group profit takes a hit from restructure|work=Inside Retail Asia|url=https://insideretail.asia/2019/03/01/dairy-farm-group-profit-takes-a-hit-from-restructure/|access-date=7 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107024357/https://insideretail.asia/2019/03/01/dairy-farm-group-profit-takes-a-hit-from-restructure/|archive-date=1 March 2019}}</ref>
Sejak 2017, Giant dan berbagai bisnis retail di Malaysia mengalami penurunan performa akibat tingginya biaya operasional, menurunnya daya beli masyarakat, serta meningkatnya kompetisi dengan supermarket kecil, pasar retail, dan toko ''online''.<ref>{{cite web|date=2019-07-15|title=Hypermarkets face a bleak future on waning appetite|url=https://themalaysianreserve.com/2019/07/15/hypermarkets-face-a-bleak-future-on-waning-appetite/|access-date=2021-04-23|website=The Malaysian Reserve|language=en-US|archive-date=23 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423190136/https://themalaysianreserve.com/2019/07/15/hypermarkets-face-a-bleak-future-on-waning-appetite/|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada 2019, enam gerai Giant di Malaysia ditutup. Gerai yang ditutup terdiri dari 2 hipermarket dan 2 supermarket [[Cold Storage (supermarket)|Cold Storage]] di [[Selangor]], 1 gerai di [[Kedah]], [[Perak]], dan 1 gerai di [[Kuala Lumpur]].<ref name="Tale of the shrinking Giant">{{cite news |title=Tale of the shrinking Giant |url=https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/tale-shrinking-giant |access-date=3 January 2020 |work=[[The Edge (Malaysia)]] |publisher=The Edge Markets |date=31 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103174949/https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/tale-shrinking-giant |archive-date=3 January 2020}}</ref> Giant juga meninggalkan pasar [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]].<ref name="Giant to exit Sabah and Sarawak">{{cite news |title=Giant to exit Sabah and Sarawak |url=https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/giant-exit-sabah-and-sarawak |access-date=12 February 2020 |work=[[The Edge (Malaysia)]] |publisher=The Edge Markets | date=12 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213221334/https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/giant-exit-sabah-and-sarawak |archive-date=13 February 2020}}</ref> Terdapat sekitar 16 gerai di Sabah dan Serawak yang dialihkan kepemilikannya ke pelaku bisnis lokal.
Hal yang sama juga terjadi di Singapura, ditandai dengan ditutupnya dua gerai di Bukit Panjang dan Jalan Tenteram di Whampoa estate, serta hipermarket [[VivoCity]] pada 2019.<ref name="Giant's footprint shrinking">{{cite news |last1=Cheng |first1=Kenneth |title=Giant's footprint shrinking in Singapore? Hypermarket chain to close VivoCity outlet in early 2019 |url=https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/shrinking-footprint-singapore-hypermarket-giant-close-vivocity-outlet-early-2019 |access-date=3 January 2020 |work=[[Today (Singapore newspaper)]] |publisher=TODAYonline |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103174634/https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/shrinking-footprint-singapore-hypermarket-giant-close-vivocity-outlet-early-2019 |archive-date=3 January 2020}}</ref> Hipermarket [[Parkway Parade]] juga ditutup pada 29 Februari 2020.
Giant sempat memiliki banyak cabang di [[Indonesia]]. Selain ''department store'' yang menjual produk sandang seperti makanan, Giant juga memiliki ''supermarket'' atau pasar swalayan yang menjual kebutuhan sandang, barang kebutuhan hidup dan sehari-hari. Hingga Agustus 2010, telah dibuka 46 hypermarket Giant dan 104 gerai supermarket Giant di Indonesia.<ref name="agustus2010">[http://industri.kontan.co.id/v2/read/1282206743/44825/Sambut-kompetisi-Giant-buka-gerai-baru-di-BSD Sambut kompetisi, Giant buka gerai baru di BSD]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Kontan Online, 19 Agustus 2010, diakses tanggal 15 April 2011.</ref> Operasional Giant di Indonesia dimulai dengan dibukanya cabang pertama di [[Villa Melati Mas]], [[Tangerang]] pada 26 Juli 2002 (eks-Hero, sekarang menjadi [[Hypermart]]), sebagai upaya ekspansi PT [[Hero Supermarket]] Tbk di bidang [[hipermarket]] dan supermarket kelas bawah. Kebetulan, saat itu Hero dan Giant sudah memiliki pemegang saham signifikan yang sama, yaitu [[Dairy Farm International Holdings]] sehingga mempermudah prosesnya. Giant mengoperasikan dua jenis usaha di Indonesia: '''Giant Ekstra''' (dahulu Giant Hypermarket), yang merupakan hipermarket, dan '''Giant Ekspres''' (dahulu Giant Supermarket), yang merupakan [[swalayan]], di mana gerai-gerainya merupakan gerai baru maupun konversi eks-Hero.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=fcXnCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA29&dq=giant+hero+2002&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiIxOLH68P3AhXU7HMBHfvkDKAQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=giant%20hero%202002&f=false |title=Manajemen Minimarket |access-date=2022-05-03 |archive-date=2023-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805090436/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=fcXnCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA29&dq=giant+hero+2002&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiIxOLH68P3AhXU7HMBHfvkDKAQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=giant%20hero%202002&f=false |dead-url=no }}</ref> ''[[Private label]]'' Giant di Indonesia diberi nama "Giant" dan "First Choice" dalam aneka produk yang ditawarkan ke konsumen.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=R9FDEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA177&dq=giant+hero+2002&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiIxOLH68P3AhXU7HMBHfvkDKAQ6AF6BAgDEAI#v=onepage&q=giant%20hero%202002&f=false |title=ENGLISH DIPLOMA 3 JOURNAL COMPILATION |access-date=2022-05-03 |archive-date=2023-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805090429/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=R9FDEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA177&dq=giant+hero+2002&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiIxOLH68P3AhXU7HMBHfvkDKAQ6AF6BAgDEAI#v=onepage&q=giant%20hero%202002&f=false |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://asumsi.co/post/3503/giant-raksasa-ritel-yang-terus-mengecil |title=Giant, Raksasa Ritel yang Terus Mengecil |access-date=2022-05-03 |archive-date=2023-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805090430/https://asumsi.co/post/58259/giant-raksasa-ritel-yang-terus-mengecil/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/inilah-awal-mula-dan-akhir-perjalanan-giant-di-indonesia |title=Inilah awal mula dan akhir perjalanan Giant di Indonesia |access-date=2022-05-03 |archive-date=2023-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805090428/https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/inilah-awal-mula-dan-akhir-perjalanan-giant-di-indonesia |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Pada Mei 2021, Giant mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan meninggalkan pasar retail di Indonesia mulai tanggal 31 Juli 2021. Total terdapat 395 gerai yang ditutup, beberapa di antaranya akan berganti menjadi [[Hero Supermarket Group|Hero Supermarket]], [[Hypermart]], [[Farmers Market]], [[Super Indo]], dan gerai kecil [[IKEA]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kusuma|first=Hendra|title=Banyak Banget! Total Ada 395 Gerai Giant yang Bakal Ditutup Permanen|url=https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-5583116/banyak-banget-total-ada-395-gerai-giant-yang-bakal-ditutup-permanen|work=[[Detik.com|detikcom]]|language=id-ID|access-date=2021-05-28|date=2021-05-26|archive-date=2022-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409083248/https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-5583116/banyak-banget-total-ada-395-gerai-giant-yang-bakal-ditutup-permanen|dead-url=no}}</ref> Hero juga dimiliki oleh perusahaan [[Dairy Farm International Holdings|Dairy Farm]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Susanti|date=2021-05-25|title=Selamat Tinggal, Gerai Giant di Seluruh Indonesia Ditutup Akhir Juli 2021|url=https://economy.okezone.com/read/2021/05/25/278/2415111/selamat-tinggal-gerai-giant-di-seluruh-indonesia-ditutup-akhir-juli-2021|work=[[Okezone.com]]|language=id-ID|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525075706/https://economy.okezone.com/read/2021/05/25/278/2415111/selamat-tinggal-gerai-giant-di-seluruh-indonesia-ditutup-akhir-juli-2021|archive-date=25 May 2021|access-date=2021-05-25|url-status=live|first=Inda}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-25|title=Fokus Tiga Merek, HERO Tutup Semua Gerai Giant Akhir Juli|url=https://properti.kompas.com/read/2021/05/25/132700421/fokus-tiga-merek-hero-tutup-seluruh-gerai-giant-akhir-juli|work=[[Kompas.com]]|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525075702/https://properti.kompas.com/read/2021/05/25/132700421/fokus-tiga-merek-hero-tutup-seluruh-gerai-giant-akhir-juli|archive-date=25 May 2021|access-date=2021-05-25|url-status=live|editor-last=Alexander|editor-first=Hilda B|last=Bahfein|first=Suhaiela}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sandi|first=Ferry|title=Berguguran! Gerai Giant Tutup Berantai, Setop Total Juli 2021|url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210525125304-4-248216/berguguran-gerai-giant-tutup-berantai-setop-total-juli-2021|work=[[CNBC Indonesia]]|language=id-ID|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525075700/https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210525125304-4-248216/berguguran-gerai-giant-tutup-berantai-setop-total-juli-2021|archive-date=25 May 2021|access-date=2021-05-25|url-status=live|date=2021-05-25}}</ref> Tutupnya [[toko swalayan]] kelompok [[Hero Supermarket Group]] ini menambah daftar ritel yang menutup bisnisnya di Indonesia, seperti [[Centro]] dan [[7-Eleven]]. Penutupan bisnis Giant (gerai-gerainya) di Indonesia ini sudah terjadi menjelang akhir 2010-an, karena kontribusinya akan bisnis PT Hero Supermarket Tbk semakin rendah dan kerugiannya makin besar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tirto.id/giant-merek-asal-malaysia-yang-bikin-redup-bisnis-hero-group-ecYL |title=Giant, Merek Asal Malaysia yang Bikin Redup Bisnis Hero Group |access-date=2022-05-03 |archive-date=2019-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626113409/https://tirto.id/giant-merek-asal-malaysia-yang-bikin-redup-bisnis-hero-group-ecYL |dead-url=no }}</ref>
== Referensi ==
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== Pranala luar ==
* {{id}} [http://www.hero.co.id/giant/id Situs resmi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924032841/https://www.hero.co.id/giant/id |date=2012-09-24 }}
* {{id}} [https://www.giant.co.id/toko-kami Daftar gerai Giant di Indonesia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528152616/https://giant.co.id/toko-kami |date=2021-05-28 }}
[[Kategori:Perusahaan eceran Indonesia]]
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