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Kapal Pendarat kelas Teluk Gilimanuk: Perbedaan antara revisi

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←Membuat halaman berisi '{{Short description|Medium landing ship of the Indonesian Navy}} {|{{Infobox ship begin}} {{Infobox ship image |Ship image=KRI Teluk Manado 537.jpg| |Ship caption=KRI ''Teluk Manado'' }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name=*''Teluk Gilimanuk'' class *''Hoyerswerda'' class / Frosch class |Builders=VEB Peenewerft, Wolgast |Operators=*{{naval|East Germany}} (''former'') *{{naval|Indonesia}} (''current'') |Class before={{sclass|Teluk Semangka|tan...'
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(9 revisi perantara oleh 2 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 2:
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=KRI Teluk Manado 537.jpg||Ship caption=KRI ''Teluk Manado'' (537) pada 17 Oktober 2017
|Ship caption=KRI ''Teluk Manado''
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=*kelas ''Teluk Gilimanuk''<br>kelas ''Hoyerswerda'' class / Frosch
*''Hoyerswerda'' class / Frosch class
|Builders=[[Peene-Werft|VEB Peenewerft]], [[Wolgast]]
|Operators=*{{naval|East Germany}} (''formermantan'')<br>{{naval|Indonesia}} (''saat ini'')
|Class before=[[Kapal Pendarat Tank kelas Teluk Semangka|kelas ''Teluk Semangka'']]
*{{naval|Indonesia}} (''current'')
|Class beforeafter={{sclass|[[Kapal Pendarat Tank kelas Teluk SemangkaBintuni|tankkelas landing''Teluk ship|4}}Bintuni'']]
|Class after={{sclass|Teluk Bintuni|tank landing ship|4}}
|Subclasses=
|Cost=
|Built range= 1974–1980
|In service range= *1976-1990 (''Volksmarine'')<br>1993–sekarang (''Angkatan Laut Indonesia'')
*1993–present (''Indonesian Navy'')
|In commission range=
|Total ships building=
Baris 32 ⟶ 28:
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[MediumKapal landingPendarat shipMedium]]
|Ship displacement=*'''Frosch I''': {{convert|1,950|LT|t|abbr=on|lk=in}}
*'''Frosch II''': {{convert|1,700|LT|t|abbr=on|lk=in}}
Baris 52 ⟶ 48:
*{{convert|4,408|hp-metric|MW|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=
*2 x 61B 4Amesin diesel engines61B 4A
*2 x shaftsporos
|Ship speed={{convert|18|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship capacity=11 amphibioustank tanksamfibi oratau 400–600kargo tons400–600 cargoton
|Ship troops= 1 companykompi of marinesmarinir
|Ship complement=46
|Ship sensors=*TSR-333Radar navigasi I-band navigation radarTSR-333{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}
*Radar udara/permukaan F-band MR-302 ''Strut Curve'' F-band air/surface radar{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}
|Ship EW=*2 x peluncur sekam PK-16 chaff launchers{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}
|Ship armament=*'''Frosch I''': <br> 1 × singlemeriam tunggal [[Meriam Otomatis Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|Bofors 40 mm L/60]] gun <br> 1 × twinmeriam kembar [[37Meriam mmpertahanan automaticudara airotomatis defense37 gunmm M1939 (61-K)|V-11 37 mm L/63]] guns <br> 2 × twinmeriam kembar [[:ru:25-ммMeriam спаренноеuniversal универсальноеkembar орудие25 2Мmm 2M-3|2M-3 25 mm]] guns
*'''Frosch II''': <br> 2 x twinmeriam kembar V-11 37 mm L/63 guns <br> 2 x twinmeriam kembar 2M-3 25 mm guns
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
Baris 72 ⟶ 68:
}}
|}
The '''Kelas ''Teluk Gilimanuk'' class''' ismerupakan a class ofkelas [[mediumKapal landingPendarat shipMedium|kapal pendarat medium]] (LSM) thatyang currentlysaat beingini operateddioperasikan byoleh [[IndonesianTNI NavyAngkatan Laut]]. They wereMereka originallyawalnya builtdibangun indi [[EastJerman GermanyTimur]] for theuntuk [[Volksmarine]] as thesebagai '''kelas ''Hoyerswerda'' class''' ([[Kode NATO reporting name]]: '''kelas Frosch I anddan II classes'''). These shipsKapal-kapal wereini acquireddiakuisisi byTNI IndonesianAngkatan NavyLaut inpada thetahun 1990s1990-an.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indomiliter.com/frosch-class-tulang-punggung-armada-lst-tni-al/|title=Frosch Class: Tulang Punggung Armada Landing Ship Tank TNI AL|date=September 1, 2013}}</ref>
 
==Desain ==
Kelas ''Teluk Gilimanuk'' oratau ''Hoyerswerda'' classterdiri consisteddari ofdua two variantsvarian, theyakni medium landing ship reguler Project 108 (Frosch I) regulardan mediumkapal landing shippendukung andtempur Project 109 (Frosch II) combat support ship.
 
ProjectProyek 108 (Frosch I) hasmemiliki apanjang length98 of {{convert|98|m|ft|abbr=on}}, a(322 beamkaki), oflebar 111 {{convert|11.1|m|ft|abbr=on}}, with(364 akaki), draughtdengan ofdraft 28 {{convert|2.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} and(92 theirkaki) displacementdan isperpindahan {{convert|1,.950|LT| [[ton panjang]] (1.981 t|abbr=on|lk=in}}) atpada fullmuatan loadpenuh. TheKapal shipsini isditenagai poweredoleh bydua twomesin diesel engines, withdengan total powerkeluaran outputdaya ofsebesar {{convert|5,.000|hp-metric| tenaga kuda metrik (0,003677 MW}}) yang distributeddidistribusikan indalam twodua shaftsporos.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}
 
ProjectProyek 109 (Frosch II) hasmemiliki apanjang length of {{convert|90.,7| m|ft|abbr=on}}, a(298 beamkaki), oflebar {{convert|11.,1| m|ft|abbr=on}}, with(36 akaki), draughtdengan ofdraft {{convert|2.,8| m|ft|abbr=on}} and(9,2 theirkaki) displacementdan isbobot perpindahan {{convert|1,.700|LT| ton (1.700 t|abbr=on|lk=in}}) atpada fullmuatan loadpenuh. TheKapal shipsini isditenagai poweredoleh bydua twomesin diesel engines, withdengan total powerkeluaran outputtenaga ofsebesar {{convert|4,.408|hp-metric| tenaga kuda metrik (3.242 MW}}) yang distributeddidistribusikan indalam twodua shaftsporos.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=365}}
 
BothKedua variantsvarian havetersebut amemiliki speedkecepatan of {{convert|18|kn| knot (33 km/h}}){{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}
 
TheyMereka bothberdua havemempunyai akomplemen complement ofsebanyak 46 personnelpersonel.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=365}}
 
The ProjectProyek 108 hasmemiliki akapasitas cargokargo capacity600 ofton panjang (610 {{convert|600|LT|t|abbr=on|lk=in}}), whilesedangkan the ProjectProyek 109 hasmemiliki akapasitas cargokargo capacity650 ofton panjang (660 {{convert|650|LT|t|abbr=on|lk=in}}). TheyMereka aredilengkapi equippeddengan withderek aseberat 5- ton cranedi bagian tengah amidshipskapal.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=365}}
 
TheKapal-kapal shipstersebut wereawalnya initiallydipersenjatai armeddengan withdua twomeriam {{illkembar 57 mm [[AK-725|АК-725|ru}}]], twindilengkapi 57&nbsp;mmdengan guns,dua complementedmeriam bylaras twoganda [[AK-230]] twin barrelkaliber 30&nbsp; mm gunsuntuk for ProjectProyek 108, anddan twodua {{ill|2Мautocannon kembar [[Meriam universal kembar 25 mm 2M-3|ru}}2M-3]] twinkaliber 25&nbsp;mm autocannonsmm foruntuk ProjectProyek 109. SomeBeberapa shipskapal of ProjectProyek 108 werejuga alsodipersenjatai equippeddilengkapi withdengan twodua peluncur roket 40-tube tabung kaliber 122&nbsp; mm. rocketKedua launchers.varian Bothtersebut variantsjuga weredilengkapi alsodengan equippedradar kendali withtembakan [[Muff Cob]] fire control radar.{{sfn|Moore|1984|p=186}}{{sfn|Moore|1984|p=188}} InDalam Indonesianpelayanan servicedi Indonesia, thekapal ProjectProyek 108 shipsdipersenjatai werekembali rearmeddengan with one singlesatu [[Meriam Otomatis Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|meriam Bofors 40 mm L/60]] gun, onesatu twinmeriam kembar [[37Meriam mmpertahanan automaticudara airotomatis defense37 gunmm M1939 (61-K)|V-11 37 mm L/63]] guns, anddan twodua twinmeriam 2Мotomatis kembar 2M-3 kaliber 25&nbsp;mm autocannonsmm,{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}} whilesedangkan the ProjectProyek 109 weredipersenjatai rearmedkembali withdengan twodua twinmeriam kembar V-11 37&nbsp; mm L/63 gunsdan anddua twomeriam twinotomatis kembar 2M-3 25&nbsp;mm autocannonsmm.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=365}}
 
==Pengembangan==
TwelveDua formerbelas [[Germanmedium Democraticlanding Republic]]ship fastcepat mediumbekas landing[[Republik shipsDemokratik Jerman]] (531 tohingga 542) ofdari thekelas ProjectProyek 108 (Frosch I) classdibangun were built byoleh [[Peene-Werft|VEB Peenewerft]], [[Wolgast]], todengan andesain [[EastJerman GermanTimur]] design, betweenantara tahun 1976 anddan 1979. ThisNama classkelas wasini nameddiambil afterdari thenama Eastkota Germandi townJerman Timur, of [[Hoyerswerda]].
 
LogisticKapal supportpendukung shipslogistik ofkelas the ProjectProyek 109 (Frosch II) classdibangun wereoleh builtgalangan bykapal theyang samesama shipyarddengan aspengembangan akapal development of thependarat Frosch I landing ships. OriginallyAwalnya commissionedditugaskan in thedi [[Volksmarine]] on betweenantara OctoberOktober 1979 anddan FebruaryFebruari 1980.
 
==Transfer==
TheKapal kelas ''Hoyerswerda'' class ships, anddan twodua supportkapal shipspendukung ofkelas the ProjectProyek 109 (Frosch II) class, weresecara officiallyresmi transferreddipindahkan toke [[IndonesianAngkatan Navy]]Laut Indonesia, apada ontanggal 25 AugustAgustus 1993. RefittedDipasang inkembali Germandi yardsgalangan priorJerman tosebelum transferdipindahkan, wheredi allmana armamentsemua waspersenjataan removed,telah todilepas, beuntuk replacedkemudian laterdiganti byoleh Indonesia aftersetelah deliverypengiriman.
 
TheKapal kelas ''Hoyerswerda'' classmerupakan shipstambahan wereyang aberharga valuablebagi additionpasukan topendarat theTNI [[IndonesianAngkatan Navy]]'sLaut landingmengingat forcessudah inusangnya viewblok ofkapal the block obsolescence of their, then current,pendarat [[Landing Ship, Tank#LST Mk.3|LST Mark 3]] landingmereka yang saat itu masih shipsada, obtainedyang fromdiperoleh thedari UnitedAmerika StatesSerikat.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|1995|p=180}} The LST Mark 3's weredirancang designedpada intahun 1943, anddan dibuat builtsebelum beforetahun 1946. TheyKapal weretersebut poweredditenagai byoleh steammesin enginesuap. Rottman, Gordon L. (2005). {{cite book |last=Rottman |first=Gordon L. |year=2005|title=Landing Ship Tank (LST) 1942–2002|publisher=Penerbitan Osprey|isbn=978-1-84176-923-3|series=New Vanguard Baru No. 115 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |year=2005 |page=6|isbnurl-status=978-1-84176-923-3live}}
 
AfterSetelah transferdipindahkan toke Indonesia, thedua twokapal logisticpendukung supportlogistik shipskelas of the ProjectProyek 109 (Frosch II) classdilengkapi weredengan fittedmeriam with37 37&nbsp;mm guns, and withdan rocketpeluncur launchersroket mountedyang forwarddipasang ofdi thedepan bridgejembatan. TheyMereka wereditugaskan commissionedpada 25 April 1995.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=365}}
 
TheKapal kelas ''Teluk Gilimanuk''-class shipstersebut weredibeli bought onpada 3 September 1992 basedberdasarkan onInstruksi PresidentPresiden Instruction No.Nomor 3/1992 thatTahun was1992 issuedyang bydikeluarkan latemendiang PresidentPresiden [[Soeharto]]. ThePengadaan procurementtersebut alsojuga includedmencakup 16 {{sclass2|kapal [[Korvet kelas Parchim|corvette|5}}kelas ''Parchim'']] anddan 9 ''[[ProjectKapal 89penyapu Kondorranjau Minesweeperkelas Kondor|Kondor-class]]'' vesselsdengan worth anilai total cost ofbiaya $482 millionjuta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tirto.id/tenggelamnya-kri-teluk-jakarta-kapal-perang-bekas-negara-komunis-fRcT|title=Tenggelamnya KRI Teluk Jakarta, Kapal Perang Bekas Negara Komunis|website=tirto.id}}</ref>
 
==Sejarah operasional==
OriginallyAwalnya fourteenempat belas LSM kelas ''Teluk Gilimanuk''-class LSMsditugaskan wereoleh commissionedTNI byAngkatan the Indonesian NavyLaut. All wereSemuanya builtdibangun byoleh [[Peene-Werft|VEB Peenewerft]].
 
Pada tahun 2024, sebelas kapal masih dalam layanan aktif, dua kapal hilang karena kecelakaan dan satu kapal pensiun.
As of 2022 eleven ships are in active service, two were lost in accidents and one ship was retired.
 
{| class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders"
Baris 112 ⟶ 108:
|-
! scope="col" | Nama
! scope="col" | {{abbr|HullNomor no.|Hull number}}lambung
! scope="col" | Subkelas/{{wbr}}ProjekProyek
! scope="col" | Peletakan lunas
! scope="col" | Diluncurkan
Baris 119 ⟶ 115:
! scope="col" | Status
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Gilimanuk| (531)|2}}''Teluk Gilimanuk'']]
|531
| rowspan= 12 | Project&nbsp;108Proyek 108
(Frosch&nbsp; I){{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|1995|p=180}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=362}}
|25 November 1974
|1 Juli 1975
Baris 127 ⟶ 124:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Hoyerswerda''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Celukan Bawang| (532)|2}}''Teluk Celukan Bawang'']]
|532
|7 Maret 1975
Baris 134 ⟶ 131:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Hagenow''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Cendrawasih| (533)|2}}''Teluk Cenderawasih'']]
|533
|10 Juni 1975
Baris 141 ⟶ 138:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Frankfurt/Oder''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Berau| (534)|2}}''Teluk Berau'']]
|534
|10 September 1975
Baris 148 ⟶ 145:
|Dihantam dan tenggelam pada tahun 2012 setelah digunakan sebagai kapal sasaran rudal [[P-800 Oniks|Yakhont]] selama Latihan Armada Jaya XXXI.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://surabaya.tribunnews.com/2012/10/13/rudal-yakhont-tenggelamkan-eks-kri-teluk-berau |title= Rudal Yakhont Tenggelamkan Eks KRI Teluk Berau |work= Surya |access-date= 2018-05-12 |language=id-ID |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180513011523/http://surabaya.tribunnews.com/2012/10/13/rudal-yakhont-tenggelamkan-eks-kri-teluk-berau|archive-date=2018-05-13 |url-status= live}}</ref> Bekas ''Eberswalde-Finow''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Peleng| (535)|2}}''Teluk Peleng'']]
|535
|11 Desember 1975
Baris 155 ⟶ 152:
|Kandas pada November 2013 setelah bertabrakan dengan tonggak beton.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/13/11/21/mwlgks-tabrak-pilar-beton-saat-bersandar-kri-teluk-peleng-karam?keepThis=true&TB_iframe=true&height=650&width=850&caption=Republika+Online+RSS+Feed |title= Tabrak Pilar Beton Saat Bersandar, KRI Teluk Peleng Karam |work= Republika Online |language= id |access-date= 2018-05-12 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180513081215/http://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/13/11/21/mwlgks-tabrak-pilar-beton-saat-bersandar-kri-teluk-peleng-karam?keepThis=true&TB_iframe=true&height=650&width=850&caption=Republika+Online+RSS+Feed|archive-date=2018-05-13 |url-status= live}}</ref> Bekas ''Lubben''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Sibolga| (536)|2}}''Teluk Sibolga'']]
|536
|17 Maret 1976
Baris 162 ⟶ 159:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Schwerin''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Manado| (537)|2}}''Teluk Manado'']]
|537
|21 Agustus 1976
Baris 169 ⟶ 166:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Neubrandenburg''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Hading| (538)|2}}''Teluk Hading'']]
|538
|22 November 1976
Baris 176 ⟶ 173:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Cottbus''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Parigi| (539)|2}}''Teluk Parigi'']]
|539
|21 Februari 1977
Baris 183 ⟶ 180:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Anklam''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Lampung| (540)|2}}''Teluk Lampung'']]
|540
|5 Mei 1977
Baris 190 ⟶ 187:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Schwedt''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Jakarta| (541)|2}}''Teluk Jakarta'']]
|541
|18 Agustus 1977
Baris 197 ⟶ 194:
|Tenggelam usai diterjang gelombang tinggi di dekat Pulau Kangean pada Juli 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last= Galih |first= Bayu |date= 15 July 2020 |title= Kronologi Tenggelamnya KRI Teluk Jakarta 541 di Dekat Pulau Kangean |language= id |work= Kompas.com |url= https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/07/15/09034871/kronologi-tenggelamnya-kri-teluk-jakarta-541-di-dekat-pulau-kangean}}</ref> Bekas ''Eisenhüttenstadt''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Sangkulirang| (542)|2}}''Teluk Sangkulirang'']]
|542
|2 November 1977
Baris 204 ⟶ 201:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Grimmen''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Cirebon| (543)|2}}''Teluk Cirebon'']]
|543
| rowspan= 2 | Project&nbsp;Proyek 109 (Frosch&nbsp; II){{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=365}}
|26 Januari 1978
|30 Agustus 1978
Baris 212 ⟶ 209:
|Aktif. Bekas ''Nordperd''
|-
! scope="row" | {{ship|[[KRI| Teluk Sabang| (544)|2}}''Teluk Sabang'']]
|544
|16 April 1978
Baris 222 ⟶ 219:
==Lihat juga==
* [[Daftar kapal TNI Angkatan Laut yang aktif]]
* [[LandingKapal ShipPendarat kelas Polnocny|LandingKapal ShipPendarat kelas ''Polnocny'']]
* [[LandingKapal ShipPendarat kelas Ropucha|LandingKapal ShipPendarat kelas ''Ropucha'']]
 
==Referensi==
Baris 229 ⟶ 226:
 
==Biografi==
* {{cite book|editor-last1=Gardiner |editor-first1=Robert |editor-last2=Chumbley |editor-first2=Stephen |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |url=https://archive.org/details/conwaysallworlds0000unse_i1t7 |year=1995 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland, USA |isbn=1-55750-132-7 }}
* {{cite book|last=Moore|first=Capt. John|title=[[Jane's Fighting Ships]] 1984-85|publisher=Jane's Information Group|year=1984|isbn=978-0710607959}}
* {{cite book|editor-last1=Saunders |editor-first1=Stephen |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010 |url=https://archive.org/details/janesfightingshi0000unse_l4o5 |year=2009 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |isbn=9780710628886 }}
 
==Link eksternal==
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kapal_Pendarat_kelas_Teluk_Gilimanuk"