Taqiyyah: Perbedaan antara revisi

PrakterPraktek tersebut dilakukan dalam Islam [[Syiah]] saat para penganutnya diijinkan untuk menyembunyikan agama mereka saat berada di bawah [[penganiayaan Islam Syiah|penganiayaan]] atau tekanan.<ref name="ODI">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Taqiyah|editor=John L. Esposito|encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2014|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001/acref-9780195125580-e-2338|subscription=yes|quote=Precautionary denial of religious belief in the face of potential persecution. Stressed by Shii Muslims, who have been subject to periodic persecution by the Sunni majority.}}</ref><ref name=Momen183/> Di atas [[Taqiyyah|taqiyah]] inilah agama Syi'ah tegak berdiri, yaitu ditegakkan atas dasar kebohongan di atas kebohongan. Taqiyah adalah sifat dan syiar agama Syi'ah. Mereka mengatakan, "Taqiyah adalah agama kita."<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Jawas|first=Yazid bin Abdul Qodir|date=Zulhijjah 1441 / Juli 2020|title=MULIA DENGAN MANHAJ SALAF|location=Bogor|publisher=Pustaka At-Taqwa|isbn=9789791661133|pages=540|url-status=live}}</ref> Namun, praktik tersebut juga diperbolehkan dalam Islam [[Sunni]] dalam ketentuan tertentu.<ref>{{cite book |last=Abdul-Raof |first=Hussein |title=Schools of Qur'anic Exegesis: Genesis and Development |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |location= |isbn=9781135240967 |page=75}}</ref><ref name="EI2">R. STROTHMANN, MOKTAR DJEBLI. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "TAKIYYA", vol. 10, p. 134. Quote: "TAKIYYA "prudence, fear" [...] denotes dispensing with the ordinances of religion in cases of constraint and when there is a possibility of harm.".</ref>

Taqiyyah awalnya dipraktikkan oleh beberapa [[Sahabat Nabi]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Takiyya |journal=Encyclopedia of Islam |year=2000 |volume=10 |pages=134–5 |series=Edition II |publisher=Brill}}</ref> Kemudian, praktik tersebut menjadi penting bagi Syiah karena pengalaman mereka sebagai minoritas keagamaan yang dianiaya.<ref name=Momen183>{{cite book |last=Momen |first=Moojan |title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7 |year=1985 |publisher=Yale University Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7/page/183 183] |isbn=978-0-300-03531-5 |quote=Religious dissimulation (Taqiyya) [...] while maintaining mental reservation is considered lawful in Shi'ism in situations where there is overwhelming danger of loss of life or property and where no danger to religioun would occur thereby. [...] Living as a minority among a frequently-hostile Sunni majority, the condition of most Shi'is until the rise of the Safavid dynasty, made such a doctrine important to Shi'is}}</ref><ref>R. Strothmann-[Moktar Djebli]. Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed, Brill. "Taḳiyya", Vol. 10, p. 135. Quote: "Taḳiyya is above all of special significance for the Shī'a [...] The peculiar fate of the Shī'a, that of a suppressed minority with occasional open but not always unheroic rebellions, gave them even more than the Khāridjites occasions and examples for extreme taḳiyya and its very opposite"</ref> Menurut doktrin Syiah, taqiyyah diperbolehkan baik dalam keadaan berbahaya yang mengancam nyawa atau harta benda maupun tidak dalam keadaan bahaya.<ref name=Momen183/> Taqiyyah juga disahkan secara politik, terutama [[Syiah Dua Belas Imam]], dalam rangka mengutamakan persatuan kaum Muslim dan keselamatan para ulama Syiah.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Maréchal|editor1-first=Brigitte|editor2-last=Zemni|editor2-first=Sami |title=The Dynamics of Sunni-Shia Relationships: Doctrine, Transnationalism, Intellectuals and the Media |date=29 May 2013 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=9781849042178 |page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Gerhard Böwering |author2=Patricia Crone |author3=Mahan Mirza |title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought |url=https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691134840 |page=[https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse/page/136 136] |edition=illustrated}}</ref>

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