Pengguna:ANNAFscience/Bak Pasir: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
'''Proyek 1:'''{{Navbox with collapsible groups
| name = Didelphimorphia
| state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}}
| title = Spesies [[Oposum|Didelphimorphia {{small|(oposum)}}]] yang masih hidup
| bodyclass = hlist
| selected = {{{1|}}}
| above =
* Kingdom [[Animalia]]
* Filum [[Chordata]]
* Kelas [[Mammalia]]
* Infrakelas [[Marsupialia]]
| group1 = Subfamili [[Caluromyinae]]
| abbr1 = C.
| list1 =
{{Navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 7em
| group1 = ''[[Oposum berbulu|Caluromys]]''<br />{{small|{{color|#696969|{{Nobold|(Oposum berbulu)}}}}}}
| list1 =
;{{nobold|<u>Subgenus ''Caluromys''</u>}}
: [[Oposum-berbulu ekor-gundul|Oposum-berbulu ekor-gundul (''C. philander'')]]
;{{nobold|<u>Subgenus ''Mallodelphys''</u>}}
: [[Oposum-berbulu derby|Oposum-berbulu derby (''C. derbianus'')]]
: [[Oposum-berbulu telinga-cokelat|Oposum-berbulu telinga-cokelat (''C. lanatus'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Oposum bahu-hitam|Caluromysiops]]''
| list2 =
* [[Oposum bahu-hitam|Oposum bahu-hitam (''C. irrupta'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Oposum ekor-tebal|Glironia]]''
| list3 =
* [[Oposum ekor-tebal|Oposum ekor-tebal (''G. venusta'')]]
}}
| group2 = Subfamili [[Didelphinae]] {{nobold|(dilanjutkan dibawah)}}
| abbr2 = D.
| list2 =
{{Navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 7em
| group1 = ''[[Oposum kerdil chaco|Chacodelphys]]''
| list1 =
* [[Oposum kerdil chaco|Oposum kerdil chaco (''C. chacoensis'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Oposum air|Chironectes]]''
| list2 =
* [[Oposum air|Oposum air (''C. minimus'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Cryptonanus]]''
| list3 =
* [[Oposum ramping agricola|Oposum ramping agricola (''C. agricolai'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping chaco|Oposum ramping chaco (''C. chacoensis'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping guahiba|Oposum ramping guahiba (''C. guahybae'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping unduavi|Oposum ramping unduavi (''C. unduaviensis'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Didelphis]]''<br />{{small|{{color|#696969|{{nobold|(Oposum besar<br />Amerika)}}}}}}
| list4 =
* [[Oposum telinga-putih|Oposum telinga-putih (''D. albiventris'')]]
* [[Oposum telinga-besar|Oposum telinga-besar (''D. aurita'')]]
* [[Oposum telinga-putih guiana|Oposum telinga-putih guiana (''D. imperfecta'')]]
* [[Oposum umum|Oposum umum (''D. marsupialis'')]]
* [[Oposum telinga-putih andes|Oposum telinga-putih andes (''D. pernigra'')]]
* [[Oposum virginia|Oposum virginia (''D. virginiana'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Gracilinanus]]''
| list5 =
* [[Oposum ramping aceramarca|Oposum ramping aceramarca (''G. aceramarcae'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping gesit|Oposum ramping gesit (''G. agilis'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping kayu|Oposum ramping kayu (''G. dryas'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping emilia|Oposum ramping emilia (''G. emilae'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping utara|Oposum ramping utara (''G. marica'')]]
* [[Oposum ramping brasil|Oposum ramping brasil (''G. microtarsus'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Oposum tikus kalinowski|Hyladelphys]]''
| list6 =
* [[Oposum tikus kalinowski|Oposum tikus kalinowski (''H. kalinowskii'')]]
| group7 = ''[[Oposum patagonia|Lestodelphys]]''
| list7 =
* [[Oposum patagonia|Oposum patagonia (''L. halli'')]]
| group8 = ''[[Lutreolina]]''
| list8 =
* [[Oposum berang-berang besar|Oposum berang-berang besar (''L. crassicaudata'')]]
* [[Oposum berang-berang massoia|Oposum berang-berang massoia (''L. massoia)'')]]
| group9 = ''[[Marmosa]]''<br />{{small|{{color|#696969|{{nobold|(Oposum tikus)}}}}}}
| list9 =
* [[Oposum tikus alston|Oposum tikus alston (''M. alstoni'')]]
* [[Oposum tikus alis-besar|Oposum tikus alis-besar (''M. andersoni'')]]
* [[Oposum tikus berbulu perut-putih|Oposum tikus berbulu perut-putih (''M. constantiae'')]]
* [[Woolly mouse opossum|Woolly mouse opossum (''M. demerarae'')]]
* [[Isthmian mouse opossum|Isthmian mouse opossum (''M. isthmica'')]]
* [[Rufous mouse opossum|Rufous mouse opossum (''M. lepida'')]]
* [[Mexican mouse opossum|Mexican mouse opossum (''M. mexicana'')]]
* [[Linnaeus's mouse opossum|Linnaeus's mouse opossum (''M. murina'')]]
* [[Tate's woolly mouse opossum|Tate's woolly mouse opossum (''M. paraguayanus'')]]
* [[Little woolly mouse opossum|Little woolly mouse opossum (''M. phaeus'')]]
* [[Quechuan mouse opossum|Quechuan mouse opossum (''M. quichua'')]]
* [[Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum|Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum (''M. regina'')]]
* [[Robinson's mouse opossum|Robinson's mouse opossum (''M. robinsoni'')]]
* [[Red mouse opossum|Red mouse opossum (''M. rubra'')]]
* [[Tyler's mouse opossum|Tyler's mouse opossum (''M. tyleriana'')]]
* [[Guajira mouse opossum|Guajira mouse opossum (''M. xerophila'')]]
| group10 = ''[[Marmosops]]''
| list10 =
* [[Bishop's slender opossum|Bishop's slender opossum (''M. bishopi'')]]
* [[Narrow-headed slender opossum|Narrow-headed slender opossum (''M. cracens'')]]
* [[Creighton's slender opossum|Creighton's slender opossum (''M. creightoni'')]]
* [[Dorothy's slender opossum|Dorothy's slender opossum (''M. dorothea'')]]
* [[Dusky slender opossum|Dusky slender opossum (''M. fuscatus'')]]
* [[Handley's slender opossum|Handley's slender opossum (''M. handleyi'')]]
* [[Tschudi's slender opossum|Tschudi's slender opossum (''M. impavidus'')]]
* [[Gray slender opossum|Gray slender opossum (''M. incanus'')]]
* [[Panama slender opossum|Panama slender opossum (''M. invictus'')]]
* [[Junin slender opossum|Junin slender opossum (''M. juninensis'')]]
* [[Neblina slender opossum|Neblina slender opossum (''M. neblina'')]]
* [[White-bellied slender opossum|White-bellied slender opossum (''M. noctivagus'')]]
* [[Delicate slender opossum|Delicate slender opossum (''M. parvidens'')]]
* [[Brazilian slender opossum|Brazilian slender opossum (''M. paulensis'')]]
* [[Pinheiro's slender opossum|Pinheiro's slender opossum (''M. pinheiroi'')]]
}}
| group3 = Subfamily [[Didelphinae]] {{nobold|(cont. above)}}
| abbr3 = D.1
| list3 =
{{Navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 7em
| group1 = ''[[Brown four-eyed opossum|Metachirus]]''
| list1 =
* [[Brown four-eyed opossum|Brown four-eyed opossum (''M. nudicaudatus'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Short-tailed opossum|Monodelphis]]''<br />{{small|{{color|#696969|{{nobold|(Short-tailed<br />opossums)}}}}}}
| list2 =
* [[Sepia short-tailed opossum|Sepia short-tailed opossum (''M. adusta'')]]
* [[Northern three-striped opossum|Northern three-striped opossum (''M. americana'')]]
* [[Northern red-sided opossum|Northern red-sided opossum (''M. brevicaudata'')]]
* [[Yellow-sided opossum|Yellow-sided opossum (''M. dimidiata'')]]
* [[Gray short-tailed opossum|Gray short-tailed opossum (''M. domestica'')]]
* [[Emilia's short-tailed opossum|Emilia's short-tailed opossum (''M. emiliae'')]]
* [[Amazonian red-sided opossum|Amazonian red-sided opossum (''M. glirina'')]]
* [[Ihering's three-striped opossum|Ihering's three-striped opossum (''M. iheringi'')]]
* [[Pygmy short-tailed opossum|Pygmy short-tailed opossum (''M. kunsi'')]]
* [[Marajó short-tailed opossum|Marajó short-tailed opossum (''M. maraxina'')]]
* [[Osgood's short-tailed opossum|Osgood's short-tailed opossum (''M. osgoodi'')]]
* [[Hooded red-sided opossum|Hooded red-sided opossum (''M. palliolata'')]]
* [[Peruvian short-tailed opossum|Peruvian short-tailed opossum (''M. peruviana'')]]
* [[Reig's opossum|Reig's opossum (''M. reigi'')]]
* [[Ronald's opossum|Ronald's opossum (''M. ronaldi'')]]
* [[Chestnut-striped opossum|Chestnut-striped opossum (''M. rubida'')]]
* [[Long-nosed short-tailed opossum|Long-nosed short-tailed opossum (''M. scalops'')]]
* [[Southern red-sided opossum|Southern red-sided opossum (''M. sorex'')]]
* [[Southern three-striped opossum|Southern three-striped opossum (''M. theresa'')]]
* [[Red three-striped opossum|Red three-striped opossum (''M. umbristriata'')]]
* [[One-striped opossum|One-striped opossum (''M. unistriata'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Gray and black four-eyed opossum|Philander]]''<br />{{small|{{color|#696969|{{nobold|(Gray & black four-<br />eyed opossums)}}}}}}
| list3 =
* [[Anderson's four-eyed opossum|Anderson's four-eyed opossum (''P. andersoni'')]]
* [[Deltaic four-eyed opossum|Deltaic four-eyed opossum (''P. deltae'')]]
* [[Southeastern four-eyed opossum|Southeastern four-eyed opossum (''P. frenatus'')]]
* [[McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum|McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum (''P. mcilhennyi'')]]
* [[Mondolfi's four-eyed opossum|Mondolfi's four-eyed opossum (''P. mondolfii'')]]
* [[Olrog's four-eyed opossum|Olrog's four-eyed opossum (''P. olrogi'')]]
* [[Gray four-eyed opossum|Gray four-eyed opossum (''P. opossum'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Thylamys]]''
| list4 =
* [[Cinderella fat-tailed mouse opossum|Cinderella fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. cinderella'')]]
* [[Elegant fat-tailed mouse opossum|Elegant fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. elegans'')]]
* [[Karimi's fat-tailed mouse opossum|Karimi's fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. karimii'')]]
* [[Paraguayan fat-tailed mouse opossum|Paraguayan fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. macrurus'')]]
* [[White-bellied fat-tailed mouse opossum|White-bellied fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. pallidior'')]]
* [[Common fat-tailed mouse opossum|Common fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. pusillus'')]]
* [[Argentine fat-tailed mouse opossum|Argentine fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. sponsorius'')]]
* [[Tate's fat-tailed mouse opossum|Tate's fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. tatei'')]]
* [[Dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum|Dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. velutinus'')]]
* [[Buff-bellied fat-tailed mouse opossum|Buff-bellied fat-tailed mouse opossum (''T. venustus'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Grayish mouse opossum|Tlacuatzin]]''
| list5 =
* [[Grayish mouse opossum|Grayish mouse opossum (''T. canescens'')]]
}}
}}<noinclude>
{{Documentation |content={{Wikipedia:WikiProject Mammals/Article templates/doc |collapsible=y}} }}
</noinclude>
'''Proyek 2:'''{{#invoke:Navbox with collapsible groups|navbox|name=Carnivora|title=Spesies [[Carnivora]] yang masih hidup|bodyclass=hlist|state={{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}}|selected={{{1|}}}|above=* Kingdom: [[Animalia]]
* Filum: [[Chordata]]
* Kelas: [[Mammalia]]
* Infrakelas: [[Eutheria]]
* Superordo: [[Laurasiatheria]]|group1=Subordo [[Feliformia]]|abbr1=F.|list1={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Musang palem afrika|Nandiniidae]]
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Musang palem afrika|Nandinia]]''
| list1 =
* [[Musang palem afrika|Musang palem afrika (''N. binotata'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Garangan|Herpestidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Garangan)}}</span></small>
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Garangan rawa|Atilax]]''
| list1 =
* [[Garangan rawa|Garangan rawa (''A. paludinosus'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Bdeogale]]''
| list2 =
* [[Garangan ekor lebat|Garangan ekor lebat (''B. crassicauda'')]]
* [[Garangan jackson|Garangan jackson (''B. jacksoni'')]]
* [[Garangan kaki-hitam|Garangan kaki-hitam (''B. nigripes'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Crossarchus]]''
| list3 =
* [[Kusimanse alexander|Kusimanse alexander(''C. alexandri'')]]
* [[Angolan kusimanse|Angolan kusimanse (''C. ansorgei'')]]
* [[Common kusimanse|Common kusimanse (''C. obscurus'')]]
* [[Flat-headed kusimanse|Flat-headed kusimanse (''C. platycephalus'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Garangan kuning|Cynictis]]''
| list4 =
* [[Garangan kuning|Garangan kuning (''C. penicillata'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Garangan pousargues|Dologale]]''
| list5 =
* [[Garangan pousargues|Garangan pousargues (''D. dybowskii'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Helogale]]''
| list6 =
* [[Garangan kerdil etiopia|Garangan kerdil etiopia (''H. hirtula'')]]
* [[Garangan kerdil umum|Garangan kerdil umum (''H. parvula'')]]
| group7 = ''[[Herpestes]]''
| list7 =
* [[Garangan ramping angola|Garangan ramping angola (''H. flavescens'')]]
* [[Garangan mesir|Garangan mesir (''H. ichneumon'')]]
* [[Garangan ramping somalia|Garangan ramping somalia (''H. ochracea'')]]
* [[Garangan abu-abu tanjung|Garangan abu-abu tanjung (''H. pulverulenta'')]]
* [[Garangan ramping umum|Garangan ramping umum (''H. sanguinea'')]]
| group8 = ''[[Garangan ekor putih|Ichneumia]]''
| list8 =
* [[Garangan ekor putih|Garangan ekor putih (''I. albicauda'')]]
| group9 = ''[[Garangan liberia|Liberiictus]]''
| list9 =
* [[Garangan liberia|Garangan liberia (''L. kuhni'')]]
| group10 = ''[[Mungos]]''
| list10 =
* [[Garangan gambia|Garangan gambia (''M. gambianus'')]]
* [[Garangan belang|Garangan belang (''M. mungo'')]]
| group11 = ''[[Garangan selous|Paracynictis]]''
| list11 =
* [[Garangan selous|Garangan selous (''P. selousi'')]]
| group12 = ''[[Garangan meller|Rhynchogale]]''
| list12 =
* [[Garangan meller|Garangan meller (''R. melleri'')]]
| group13 = ''[[Suricata]]''
| list13 =
* [[Mirkat|Mirkat (''S. suricatta'')]]
| group14 = ''[[Urva]]''
| list14 =
* [[Garangan kecil india|Garangan kecil india (''U. auropunctata'')]]
* [[Garangan ekor pendek|Garangan ekor pendek (''U. brachyura'')]]
* [[Garangan abu-abu india|Garangan abu-abu india (''U. edwardsii'')]]
* [[Garangan cokelat india|Garangan cokelat india (''U. fusca'')]]
* [[Garangan jawa|Garangan jawa (''U. javanica'')]]
* [[Garangan berkerah|Garangan berkerah (''U. semitorquata'')]]
* [[Garangan ruddy|Garangan ruddy (''U. smithii'')]]
* [[Garangan pemakan kepiting|Garangan pemakan kepiting(''U. urva'')]]
* [[Garangan leher-belang|Garangan leher-belang (''U. vitticolla'')]]
| group15 = ''[[Garangan hidung panjang|Xenogale]]''
| list15 =
* [[Garangan hidung panjang|Garangan hidung panjang (''X. naso'')]]
}}
| group3 = [[Hiena|Hyaenidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Hiena)}}</span></small>
| list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Crocuta]]''
| list1 =
* [[Dubuk|Dubuk (''C. crocuta'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Hiena bergaris|Hyaena]]''
| list2 =
* [[Hiena bergaris|Hiena bergaris (''H. hyaena'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Hiena cokelat|Parahyaena]]''
| list3 =
* [[Hiena cokelat|Hiena cokelat (''P. brunnea'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Proteles]]''
| list4 =
* [[Aardwolf|Aardwolf (''P. cristata'')]]
}}
| group5 = [[Felidae]]
| list5 = Famili besar dibawah
| group6 = [[Viverridae]]
| list6 = Famili besar dibawah
| group7 = [[Eupleridae]]
| list7 = Famili besar dibawah
}}|group2={{Nobold|Family [[Felidae]]}}|abbr2=Fe.|list2={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Felinae]]
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Acinonyx]]''
| list1 =
* [[Cheetah|Cheetah (''A. jubatus'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Karakal]]''
| list2 =
* [[Kucing emas|Kucing emas (''C. aurata'')]]
* [[Karakal|Karakal (''C. caracal'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Catopuma]]''
| list3 =
* [[Kucing merah|Kucing merah (''C. badia'')]]
* [[Kucing emas asia|Kucing emas asia(''C. temminckii'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Felis]]''
| list4 =
* [[Kucing gunung tiongkok|Kucing gunung tiongkok (''F. bieti'')]]
* [[Kucing|Kucing domestik (''F. catus'')]]
* [[Kucing hutan|Kucing hutan(''F. chaus'')]]
* [[Kucing liar afrika|Kucing liar afrika (''F. lybica'')]]
* [[Kucing pasir|Kucing pasir(''F. margarita'')]]
* [[Kucing berkaki hitam|Kucing berkaki hitam (''F. nigripes'')]]
* [[Kucing liar eropa|Kucing liar eropa (''F. silvestris'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Jaguarundi|Herpailurus]]''
| list5 =
* [[Jaguarundi|Jaguarundi (''H. yagouaroundi'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Leopardus]]''
| list6 =
* [[Kucing pampa|Kucing pampa (''L. colocola'')]]
* [[Kucing geoffroy|Kucing geoffroy (''L. geoffroyi'')]]
* [[Kodkod|Kodkod (''L. guigna'')]]
* [[Leopardus guttulus|Kucing harimau selatan (''L. guttulus'')]]
* [[Kucing gunung andes|Kucing gunung andes (''L. jacobita'')]]
* [[Oselot|Oselot (''L. pardalis'')]]
* [[Oncilla|Oncilla (''L. tigrinus'')]]
* [[Margay|Margay (''L. wiedii'')]]
| group7 = ''[[Serval|Leptailurus]]''
| list7 =
* [[Serval|Serval (''L. serval'')]]
| group8 = ''[[Lynx]]''
| list8 =
* [[Lynx kanada|Lynx kanada (''L. canadensis'')]]
* [[Lynx eurasia|Lynx eurasia (''L. lynx'')]]
* [[Lynx iberia|Lynx iberia (''L. pardinus'')]]
* [[Bobcat|Bobcat (''L. rufus'')]]
| group9 = ''[[Kucing pallas|Otocolobus]]''
| list9 =
* [[Kucing pallas|Kucing pallas (''O. manul'')]]
| group10 = ''[[Pardofelis]]''
| list10 =
* [[Kucing batu|Kucing batu (''P. marmorata'')]]
| group11 = ''[[Prionailurus]]''
| list11 =
* [[Kucing kuwuk|Kucing kuwuk (''P. bengalensis'')]]
* [[Kucing kuwuk sunda|Kucing kuwuk sunda (''P. javanensis'')]]
* [[Kucing tandang|Kucing tandang (''P. planiceps'')]]
* [[Kucing totol|Kucing totol (''P. rubiginosus'')]]
* [[Kucing bakau|Kucing bakau (''P. viverrinus'')]]
| group12 = ''[[Puma (genus)|Puma]]''
| list12 =
* [[Cougar|Cougar (''P. concolor'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Pantherinae]]
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Panthera]]''
| list1 =
* [[Singa|Singa (''P. leo'')]]
* [[Jaguar|Jaguar (''P. onca'')]]
* [[Macan tutul|Macan tutul (''P. pardus'')]]
* [[Harimau|Harimau (''P. tigris'')]]
* [[Macan tutul salju|Macan tutul salju (''P. uncia'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Neofelis]]''
| list3 =
* [[Macan dahan sunda|Macan dahan sunda (''N. diardi'')]]
* [[Macan dahan|Macan dahan (''N. nebulosa'')]]
}}
}}|group3={{Nobold|[[Linsang|Prionodontidae]]}}|abbr3=P.|list3={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8.5em| groupstyle = height:4em;
| group1 = ''[[Linsang|Prionodon]]''
| list1 =
* [[Linsang loreng|Linsang loreng (''P. linsang'')]]
* [[Linsang tutul|Linsang tutul (''P. pardicolor'')]]
}}|group4={{Nobold|Famili [[Viverridae]]}}|abbr4=V.|list4={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Paradoxurinae]]
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8.5em
| group1 = ''[[Binturong|Arctictis]]''
| list1 =
* [[Binturong|Binturong (''A. binturong'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Musang akar|Arctogalidia]]''
| list2 =
* [[Musang akar|Musang akar (''A. trivirgata'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Musang sulawesi|Macrogalidia]]''
| list3 =
* [[Musang sulawesi|Musang sulawesi (''M. musschenbroekii'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Musang bulan|Paguma]]''
| list4 =
* [[Musang bulan|Musang bulan (''P. larvata'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Paradoxurus]]''
| list5 =
* [[Musang luwak|Musang luwak (''P. hermaphroditus'')]]
* [[Musang cokelat jerdon|Musang cokelat jerdon (''P. jerdoni'')]]
* [[Musang emas|Musang emas (''P. zeylonensis'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Hemigalinae]]
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8.5em
| group1 = ''[[Musang owston|Chrotogale]]''
| list1 =
* [[Musang owston|Musang owston (''C. owstoni'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Musang air|Cynogale]]''
| list2 =
* [[Musang air|Musang air (''C. bennettii'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Musang gunung|Diplogale]]''
| list3 =
* [[Musang gunung|Musang gunung (''D. hosei'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Musang belang|Hemigalus]]''
| list4 =
* [[Musang belang|Musang belang (''H. derbyanus'')]]
}}
| group3 = [[Viverrinae]]
| list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8.5em
| group1 = ''[[Musang afrika|Civettictis]]''
| list1 =
* [[Musang afrika|Musang afrika (''C. civetta'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Viverra]]''
| list2 =
* [[Malabar large-spotted civet|Malabar large-spotted civet (''V. civettina'')]]
* [[Large-spotted civet|Large-spotted civet (''V. megaspila'')]]
* [[Malayan civet|Malayan civet (''V. tangalunga'')]]
* [[Large Indian civet|Large Indian civet (''V. zibetha'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Small Indian civet|Viverricula]]''
| list3 =
* [[Small Indian civet|Small Indian civet (''V. indica'')]]
}}
| group4 = [[Genettinae]]
| list4= {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8.5em
| group1 = ''[[Genet (animal)|Genetta]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Genets)}}</span></small>
| list1 =
* [[Abyssinian genet|Abyssinian genet (''G. abyssinica'')]]
* [[Angolan genet|Angolan genet (''G. angolensis'')]]
* [[Bourlon's genet|Bourlon's genet (''G. bourloni'')]]
* [[Crested servaline genet|Crested servaline genet (''G. cristata'')]]
* [[Common genet|Common genet (''G. genetta'')]]
* [[Johnston's genet|Johnston's genet (''G. johnstoni'')]]
* [[Letaba genet|Letaba genet (''G. letabae'')]]
* [[Rusty-spotted genet|Rusty-spotted genet (''G. maculata'')]]
* [[Pardine genet|Pardine genet (''G. pardina'')]]
* [[Aquatic genet|Aquatic genet (''G. piscivora'')]]
* [[King genet|King genet (''G. poensis'')]]
* [[Servaline genet|Servaline genet (''G. servalina'')]]
* [[Hausa genet|Hausa genet (''G. thierryi'')]]
* [[Cape genet|Cape genet (''G. tigrina'')]]
* [[Giant forest genet|Giant forest genet (''G. victoriae'')]]
* [[South African small-spotted genet|South African small-spotted genet (''G. felina'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Poiana (genus)|Poiana]]''
| list2 =
* [[Central African oyan|Central African oyan (''P. richardsonii'')]]
* [[West African oyan|West African oyan (''P. leightoni'')]]
}}
}}|group5={{Nobold|Family [[Eupleridae]]}}|abbr5=E.|list5={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Euplerinae]]
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Fossa (animal)|Cryptoprocta]]''
| list1 =
* [[Fossa (animal)|Fossa (''C. ferox'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Eupleres]]''
| list2 =
* [[Eastern falanouc|Eastern falanouc (''E. goudotii'')]]
* [[Western falanouc|Western falanouc (''E. major'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Malagasy civet|Fossa]]''
| list3 =
* [[Malagasy civet|Malagasy civet (''F. fossana'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Galidiinae]]
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Ring-tailed vontsira|Galidia]]''
| list1 =
* [[Ring-tailed vontsira|Ring-tailed vontsira (''G. elegans'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Galidictis]]''
| list2 =
* [[Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose|Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (''G. fasciata'')]]
* [[Grandidier's mongoose|Grandidier's mongoose (''G. grandidieri'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Narrow-striped mongoose|Mungotictis]]''
| list3 =
* [[Narrow-striped mongoose|Narrow-striped mongoose (''M. decemlineata'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Salanoia]]''
| list4 =
* [[Brown-tailed mongoose|Brown-tailed mongoose (''S. concolor'')]]
* [[Durrell's vontsira|Durrell's vontsira (''S. durrelli'')]]
}}
}}|group6=Suborder [[Caniformia]] {{nobold|(cont. below)}}|abbr6=C.|list6={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Bear|Ursidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Bears)}}</span></small>
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| group1 = ''[[Ailuropoda]]''
| list1 =
* [[Giant panda|Giant panda (''A. melanoleuca'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Sun bear|Helarctos]]''
| list2 =
* [[Sun bear|Sun bear (''H. malayanus'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Sloth bear|Melursus]]''
| list3 =
* [[Sloth bear|Sloth bear (''M. ursinus'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Spectacled bear|Tremarctos]]''
| list4 =
* [[Spectacled bear|Spectacled bear (''T. ornatus'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Ursus (mammal)|Ursus]]''
| list5 =
* [[American black bear|American black bear (''U. americanus'')]]
* [[Brown bear|Brown bear (''U. arctos'')]]
* [[Polar bear|Polar bear (''U. maritimus'')]]
* [[Asian black bear|Asian black bear (''U. thibetanus'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Mephitidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Skunk]]s)}}</span></small>
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| group1 = ''[[Hog-nosed skunk|Conepatus]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Hog-nosed<br />skunks)}}</span></small>
| list1 =
* [[Molina's hog-nosed skunk|Molina's hog-nosed skunk (''C. chinga'')]]
* [[Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk|Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (''C. humboldtii'')]]
* [[American hog-nosed skunk|American hog-nosed skunk (''C. leuconotus'')]]
* [[Striped hog-nosed skunk|Striped hog-nosed skunk (''C. semistriatus'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Mephitis (genus)|Mephitis]]''
| list2 =
* [[Hooded skunk|Hooded skunk (''M. macroura'')]]
* [[Striped skunk|Striped skunk (''M. mephitis'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Stink badger|Mydaus]]''
| list3 =
* [[Sunda stink badger|Sunda stink badger (''M. javanensis'')]]
* [[Palawan stink badger|Palawan stink badger (''M. marchei'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Spotted skunk|Spilogale]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Spotted skunks)}}</span></small>
| list4 =
* [[Southern spotted skunk|Southern spotted skunk (''S. angustifrons'')]]
* [[Western spotted skunk|Western spotted skunk (''S. gracilis'')]]
* [[Eastern spotted skunk|Eastern spotted skunk (''S. putorius'')]]
* [[Pygmy spotted skunk|Pygmy spotted skunk (''S. pygmaea'')]]
}}
| group3 = [[Procyonidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Raccoons, coatis, olingos)}}</span></small>
| list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| group1 = ''[[Bassaricyon]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Olingos)}}</span></small>
| list1 =
* [[Eastern lowland olingo|Eastern lowland olingo (''B. alleni'')]]
* [[Northern olingo|Northern olingo (''B. gabbii'')]]
* [[Western lowland olingo|Western lowland olingo (''B. medius'')]]
* [[Olinguito|Olinguito (''B. neblina'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Bassariscus]]''
| list2 =
* [[Ringtail|Ringtail (''B. astutus'')]]
* [[Cacomistle|Cacomistle (''B. sumichrasti'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Nasua]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Coati]]s inclusive)}}</span></small>
| list3 =
* [[White-nosed coati|White-nosed coati (''N. narica'')]]
* [[South American coati|South American coati (''N. nasua'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Nasuella]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Coati]]s inclusive)}}</span></small>
| list4 =
* [[Nasuella meridensis|Eastern mountain coati (''N. meridensis'')]]
* [[Nasuella olivacea|Western mountain coati (''N. olivacea'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Kinkajou|Potos]]''
| list5 =
* [[Kinkajou|Kinkajou (''P. flavus'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Procyon (genus)|Procyon]]''
| list6 =
* [[Crab-eating raccoon|Crab-eating raccoon (''P. cancrivorus'')]]
* [[Raccoon|Raccoon (''P. lotor'')]]
* [[Cozumel raccoon|Cozumel raccoon (''P. pygmaeus'')]]
}}
| group4 = [[Ailuridae]]
| list4 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| group1 = ''[[Red panda|Ailurus]]''
| list1 =
* [[Red panda|Red panda (''A. fulgens'')]]
}}
}}|group7=Suborder [[Caniformia]] {{nobold|(cont. above)}}|abbr7=C1.|list7={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Eared seal|Otariidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Eared seals)}}</span></small><br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(includes [[fur seal]]s<br />and [[sea lion]]s)}}</span></small><br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Pinniped]] inclusive)}}</span></small>
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| group1 = ''[[Arctocephalus]]''
| list1 =
* [[South American fur seal|South American fur seal (''A. australis'')]]
* [[Arctocephalus forsteri|Australasian fur seal (''A. forsteri'')]]
* [[Galápagos fur seal|Galápagos fur seal (''A. galapagoensis'')]]
* [[Antarctic fur seal|Antarctic fur seal (''A. gazella'')]]
* [[Juan Fernández fur seal|Juan Fernández fur seal (''A. philippii'')]]
* [[Brown fur seal|Brown fur seal (''A. pusillus'')]]
* [[Guadalupe fur seal|Guadalupe fur seal (''A. townsendi'')]]
* [[Subantarctic fur seal|Subantarctic fur seal (''A. tropicalis'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Northern fur seal|Callorhinus]]''
| list2 =
* [[Northern fur seal|Northern fur seal (''C. ursinus'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Steller sea lion|Eumetopias]]''
| list3 =
* [[Steller sea lion|Steller sea lion (''E. jubatus'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Neophoca]]''
| list4 =
* [[Australian sea lion|Australian sea lion (''N. cinerea'')]]
| group5 = ''[[South American sea lion|Otaria]]''
| list5 =
* [[South American sea lion|South American sea lion (''O. flavescens'')]]
| group6 = ''[[New Zealand sea lion|Phocarctos]]''
| list6 =
* [[New Zealand sea lion|New Zealand sea lion (''P. hookeri'')]]
| group7 = ''[[Zalophus]]''
| list7 =
* [[California sea lion|California sea lion (''Z. californianus'')]]
* [[Galápagos sea lion|Galápagos sea lion (''Z. wollebaeki'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Odobenidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Pinniped]] inclusive)}}</span></small>
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| groupstyle = height:4em;
| group1 = ''[[Walrus|Odobenus]]''
| list1 =
* [[Walrus|Walrus (''O. rosmarus'')]]
}}
| group3 = [[Earless seal|Phocidae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Earless seals)}}</span></small><br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Pinniped]] inclusive)}}</span></small>
| list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 9em
| group1 = ''[[Hooded seal|Cystophora]]''
| list1 =
* [[Hooded seal|Hooded seal (''C. cristata'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Bearded seal|Erignathus]]''
| list2 =
* [[Bearded seal|Bearded seal (''E. barbatus'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Grey seal|Halichoerus]]''
| list3 =
* [[Grey seal|Grey seal (''H. grypus'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Ribbon seal|Histriophoca]]''
| list4 =
* [[Ribbon seal|Ribbon seal (''H. fasciata'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Leopard seal|Hydrurga]]''
| list5 =
* [[Leopard seal|Leopard seal (''H. leptonyx'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Weddell seal|Leptonychotes]]''
| list6 =
* [[Weddell seal|Weddell seal (''L. weddellii'')]]
| group7 = ''[[Crabeater seal|Lobodon]]''
| list7 =
* [[Crabeater seal|Crabeater seal (''L. carcinophagus'')]]
| group8 = ''[[Elephant seal|Mirounga]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Elephant seals)}}</span></small>
| list8 =
* [[Northern elephant seal|Northern elephant seal (''M. angustirostris'')]]
* [[Southern elephant seal|Southern elephant seal (''M. leonina'')]]
| group9 = ''[[Monk seal|Monachus]]''
| list9 =
* [[Mediterranean monk seal|Mediterranean monk seal (''M. monachus'')]]
| group10 = ''[[Neomonachus]]''
| list10 =
* [[Hawaiian monk seal|Hawaiian monk seal (''N. schauinslandi'')]]
| group11 = ''[[Ross seal|Ommatophoca]]''
| list11 =
* [[Ross seal|Ross seal (''O. rossi'')]]
| group12 = ''[[Harp seal|Pagophilus]]''
| list12 =
* [[Harp seal|Harp seal (''P. groenlandicus'')]]
| group13 = ''[[Phoca]]''
| list13 =
* [[Spotted seal|Spotted seal (''P. largha'')]]
* [[Harbor seal|Harbor seal (''P. vitulina'')]]
| group14 = ''[[Pusa]]''
| list14 =
* [[Caspian seal|Caspian seal (''P. caspica'')]]
* [[Ringed seal|Ringed seal (''P. hispida'')]]
* [[Baikal seal|Baikal seal (''P. sibirica'')]]
}}
| group4 = [[Canidae]]
| list4 = Large family listed below
| group5 = [[Mustelidae]]
| list5 = Large family listed below
}}|group8={{Nobold|Family [[Canidae]] <small>(includes [[dog]]s)</small>}}|abbr8=Ca.|list8={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = ''[[Short-eared dog|Atelocynus]]''
| list1 =
* [[Short-eared dog|Short-eared dog (''A. microtis'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Canis]]''
| list2 =
* [[Golden jackal|Golden jackal (''C. aureus'')]]
* [[Dog|Domestic dog (''C. familiaris'')]]
* [[Coyote|Coyote (''C. latrans'')]]
* [[African wolf|African wolf (''C. lupaster'')]]
* [[Wolf|Wolf (''C. lupus'')]]
* [[Eastern wolf|Eastern wolf (''C. lycaon'')]]
* [[Red wolf|Red wolf (''C. rufus'')]]
* [[Ethiopian wolf|Ethiopian wolf (''C. simensis'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Crab-eating fox|Cerdocyon]]''
| list3 =
* [[Crab-eating fox|Crab-eating fox (''C. thous'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Maned wolf|Chrysocyon]]''
| list4 =
* [[Maned wolf|Maned wolf (''C. brachyurus'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Dhole|Cuon]]''
| list5 =
* [[Dhole|Dhole (''C. alpinus'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Lupulella]]''
| list6 =
* [[Side-striped jackal|Side-striped jackal (''L. adustus'')]]
* [[Black-backed jackal|Black-backed jackal (''L. mesomelas'')]]
| group7 = ''[[South American fox|Lycalopex]]''
| list7 =
* [[Culpeo|Culpeo (''L. culpaeus'')]]
* [[Darwin's fox|Darwin's fox (''L. fulvipes'')]]
* [[South American gray fox|South American gray fox (''L. griseus'')]]
* [[Pampas fox|Pampas fox (''L. gymnocercus'')]]
* [[Sechuran fox|Sechuran fox (''L. sechurae'')]]
* [[Hoary fox|Hoary fox (''L. vetulus'')]]
| group8 = ''[[African wild dog|Lycaon]]''
| list8 =
* [[African wild dog|African wild dog (''L. pictus'')]]
| group9 = ''[[Nyctereutes]]''
| list9 =
* [[Common raccoon dog|Common raccoon dog (''N. procyonoides'')]]
* [[Japanese raccoon dog|Japanese raccoon dog (''N. viverrinus'')]]
| group10 = ''[[Bat-eared fox|Otocyon]]''
| list10 =
* [[Bat-eared fox|Bat-eared fox (''O. megalotis'')]]
| group11 = ''[[Speothos]]''
| list11 =
* [[Bush dog|Bush dog (''S. venaticus'')]]
| group12 = ''[[Urocyon]]''
| list12 =
* [[Gray fox|Gray fox (''U. cinereoargenteus'')]]
* [[Island fox|Island fox (''U. littoralis'')]]
| group13 = ''[[Vulpes]]'' <br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Fox|Foxes]])}}</span></small>
| list13 =
* [[Bengal fox|Bengal fox (''V. bengalensis'')]]
* [[Blanford's fox|Blanford's fox (''V. cana'')]]
* [[Cape fox|Cape fox (''V. chama'')]]
* [[Corsac fox|Corsac fox (''V. corsac'')]]
* [[Tibetan fox|Tibetan fox (''V. ferrilata'')]]
* [[Arctic fox|Arctic fox (''V. lagopus'')]]
* [[Kit fox|Kit fox (''V. macrotis'')]]
* [[Pale fox|Pale fox (''V. pallida'')]]
* [[Rüppell's fox|Rüppell's fox (''V. rueppelli'')]]
* [[Swift fox|Swift fox (''V. velox'')]]
* [[Red fox|Red fox (''V. vulpes'')]]
* [[Fennec fox|Fennec fox (''V. zerda'')]]
}}|group9={{Nobold|Family [[Mustelidae]]}}|abbr9=M.|list9={{#invoke:navbox|navbox|child
| group1 = [[Ferret-badger|Helictidinae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Ferret-badgers)}}</span></small>
| list1 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| groupstyle = height:4em;
| group1 = ''[[Ferret-badger|Melogale]]''
| list1 =
* [[Vietnam ferret-badger|Vietnam ferret-badger (''M. cucphuongensis'')]]
* [[Bornean ferret badger|Bornean ferret badger (''M. everetti'')]]
* [[Chinese ferret-badger|Chinese ferret-badger (''M. moschata'')]]
* [[Javan ferret-badger|Javan ferret-badger (''M. orientalis'')]]
* [[Burmese ferret-badger|Burmese ferret-badger (''M. personata'')]]
* [[Formosan ferret-badger|Formosan ferret-badger (''M. subaurantiaca'')]]
}}
| group2 = [[Guloninae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Martens and wolverines)}}</span></small>
| list2 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1= ''[[Tayra|Eira]]''
| list1 =
* [[Tayra|Tayra (''E. barbara'')]]
| group2= ''[[Gulo]]''
| list2 =
* [[Wolverine|Wolverine (''G. gulo'')]]
| group3= ''[[Marten|Martes]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Martens)}}</span></small>
| list3 =
* [[American marten|American marten (''M. americana'')]]
* [[Pacific marten|Pacific marten (''M. caurina'')]]
* [[Yellow-throated marten|Yellow-throated marten (''M. flavigula'')]]
* [[Beech marten|Beech marten (''M. foina'')]]
* [[Nilgiri marten|Nilgiri marten (''M. gwatkinsii'')]]
* [[European pine marten|European pine marten (''M. martes'')]]
* [[Japanese marten|Japanese marten (''M. melampus'')]]
* [[Sable|Sable (''M. zibellina'')]]
| group4= ''[[Pekania]]''
| list4 =
* [[Fisher (animal)|Fisher (''P. pennanti'')]]
}}
| group3 = [[Ictonychinae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(African polecats and grisons)}}</span></small>
| list3 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1= ''[[Galictis]]''
| list1 =
* [[Lesser grison|Lesser grison (''G. cuja'')]]
* [[Greater grison|Greater grison (''G. vittata'')]]
| group2= ''[[Ictonyx]]''
| list2 =
* [[Saharan striped polecat|Saharan striped polecat (''I. libyca'')]]
* [[Striped polecat|Striped polecat (''I. striatus'')]]
| group3= ''[[Patagonian weasel|Lyncodon]]''
| list3 =
* [[Patagonian weasel|Patagonian weasel (''L. patagonicus'')]]
| group4= ''[[African striped weasel|Poecilogale]]''
| list4 =
* [[African striped weasel|African striped weasel (''P. albinucha'')]]
| group5= ''[[Marbled polecat|Vormela]]''
| list5 =
* [[Marbled polecat|Marbled polecat (''V. peregusna'')]]
}}
| group4 = [[Otter|Lutrinae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Otters)}}</span></small>
| list4 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Aonyx]]''
| list1 =
* [[African clawless otter|African clawless otter (''A. capensis'')]]
* [[Asian small-clawed otter|Asian small-clawed otter (''A. cinereus'')]]
* [[Congo clawless otter|Congo clawless otter (''A. congicus'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Enhydra]]''
| list2 =
* [[Sea otter|Sea otter (''E. lutris'')]]
| group3 = ''[[Spotted-necked otter|Hydrictis]]''
| list3 =
* [[Spotted-necked otter|Spotted-necked otter (''H. maculicollis'')]]
| group4 = ''[[Lontra]]''
| list4 =
* [[North American river otter|North American river otter (''L. canadensis'')]]
* [[Marine otter|Marine otter (''L. felina'')]]
* [[Neotropical otter|Neotropical otter (''L. longicaudis'')]]
* [[Southern river otter|Southern river otter (''L. provocax'')]]
| group5 = ''[[Lutra]]''
| list5 =
* [[Eurasian otter|Eurasian otter (''L. lutra'')]]
* [[Hairy-nosed otter|Hairy-nosed otter (''L. sumatrana'')]]
| group6 = ''[[Lutrogale]]''
| list6 =
* [[Smooth-coated otter|Smooth-coated otter (''L. perspicillata'')]]
| group7 = ''[[Giant otter|Pteronura]]''
| list7 =
* [[Giant otter|Giant otter (''P. brasiliensis'')]]
}}
| group5 = [[Badger|Melinae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Eurasian badgers)}}</span></small>
| list5 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Hog badger|Arctonyx]]''
| list1 =
* [[Northern hog badger|Northern hog badger (''A. albogularis'')]]
* [[Greater hog badger|Greater hog badger (''A. collaris'')]]
* [[Sumatran hog badger|Sumatran hog badger (''A. hoevenii'')]]
| group2 = ''[[Meles (genus)|Meles]]''
| list2 =
* [[Japanese badger|Japanese badger (''M. anakuma'')]]
* [[Caucasian badger|Caucasian badger (''M. canescens'')]]
* [[Asian badger|Asian badger (''M. leucurus'')]]
* [[European badger|European badger (''M. meles'')]]
}}
| group6 = [[Mellivora|Mellivorinae]]
| list6 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[Mellivora|Mellivora]]''
| list1 =
* [[Honey badger|Honey badger (''M. capensis'')]]
}}
| group7 = [[Mustelinae]]<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|(Weasels and minks)}}</span></small>
| list7 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1= ''[[Weasel|Mustela]]''<br /><small><span style="color:#696969">{{Nobold|([[Weasel]]s and [[ferret]]s)}}</span></small>
| list1 =
* [[Mustela aistoodonnivalis|Sichuan weasel (''M. aistoodonnivalis'')]]
* [[Mountain weasel|Mountain weasel (''M. altaica'')]]
* [[Stoat|Stoat/Beringian ermine (''M. erminea'')]]
* [[Steppe polecat|Steppe polecat (''M. eversmannii'')]]
* [[Ferret|Ferret (''M. furo'')]]
* [[Haida ermine|Haida ermine (''M. haidarum'')]]
* [[Japanese weasel|Japanese weasel (''M. itatsi'')]]
* [[Yellow-bellied weasel|Yellow-bellied weasel (''M. kathiah'')]]
* [[European mink|European mink (''M. lutreola'')]]
* [[Indonesian mountain weasel|Indonesian mountain weasel (''M. lutreolina'')]]
* [[Black-footed ferret|Black-footed ferret (''M. nigripes'')]]
* [[Least weasel|Least weasel (''M. nivalis'')]]
* [[Malayan weasel|Malayan weasel (''M. nudipes'')]]
* [[European polecat|European polecat (''M. putorius'')]]
* [[American ermine|American ermine (''M. richardsonii'')]]
* [[Siberian weasel|Siberian weasel (''M. sibirica'')]]
* [[Back-striped weasel|Back-striped weasel (''M. strigidorsa'')]]
| group2= ''[[Neogale]]''
| list2 =
* [[Amazon weasel|Amazon weasel (''N. africana'')]]
* [[Colombian weasel|Colombian weasel (''N. felipei'')]]
* [[Long-tailed weasel|Long-tailed weasel (''N. frenata'')]]
* [[American mink|American mink (''N. vison'')]]
}}
| group8 = [[American badger|Taxidiinae]]
| list8 = {{#invoke:navbox|navbox|subgroup
| groupwidth = 8em
| group1 = ''[[American badger|Taxidea]]''
| list1 =
* [[American badger|American badger (''T. taxus'')]]
}}
}}}}<noinclude>{{Documentation|content={{Wikipedia:WikiProject Mammals/Article templates/doc |collapsible=y}}}}
</noinclude>
Proyek 3:
== Sejarah kehidupan ==
[[File:Runzelmarken.jpg|pra=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/File:Runzelmarken.jpg|jmpl|Batuan dengan tekstur mirip keriput gajah ini adalah [[fosil jejak]] [[tikar mikrob]] non-[[stromatolit]]. Gambar ini menunjukkan lokasi tempat dimana tekstur semacam ini pertamakali diidentidikasikan sebagai bukti sisa-sisa tikar mikrob, terletak di [[Lapisan Burgsvik]], Swedia.<ref name="Manten1966">{{Cite journal|author=Manten, A.A.|date=1966|title=Some problematic shallow-marine structures|url=http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/geo/2006-1213-210452/UUindex.html|journal=Marine Geol.|volume=4|issue=3|pages=227–32|bibcode=1966MGeol...4..227M|doi=10.1016/0025-3227(66)90023-5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021003026/http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/geo/2006-1213-210452/UUindex.html|archive-date=October 21, 2008|access-date=June 18, 2007|url-status=dead|hdl=1874/16526|s2cid=129854399|hdl-access=free}}</ref>]]
{{Main|Sejarah kehidupan}}
{{Further|Linimasa sejarah kehidupan}}
Bumi terbentuk sekitar {{ma|4570}} dan, setelah terjadi [[Hipotesis tubrukan besar|tumbukan]] yang membentuk [[Bulan]] sekitar 40 juta tahun setelahnya, Bumi telah cukup mendingin dengan cepat untuk dapat menyokong samudra dan atmosfer sekitar {{ma|4440}}.<ref>{{cite web|date=November 17, 2005|title=Early Earth Likely Had Continents And Was Habitable|url=http://www.colorado.edu/news/releases/2005/438.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014081528/http://www.colorado.edu/news/releases/2005/438.html|archive-date=October 14, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=A.J. Cavosie|author2=J.W. Valley|author3=S.A. Wilde|author4=E.I.M.F.|date=July 15, 2005|title=Magmatic δ<sup>18</sup>O in 4400–3900 Ma detrital zircons: A record of the alteration and recycling of crust in the Early Archean|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|volume=235|issue=3–4|pages=663–81|bibcode=2005E&PSL.235..663C|doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2005.04.028|name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Terdapat bukti mengenai [[Pembombardiran Berat Akhir]] oleh asteorid {{ma|4000|3800}} di Bulan. Jika, yang sepertinya mungkin terjadi, pembombardiran semacam itu juga mendampak Bumi di waktu yang sama, atmosfer dan samudra pertama barangkali hilang.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Dauphas, N.|author2=Robert, F.|author3=Marty, B.|date=December 2000|title=The Late Asteroidal and Cometary Bombardment of Earth as Recorded in Water Deuterium to Protium Ratio|journal=Icarus|volume=148|issue=2|pages=508–12|bibcode=2000Icar..148..508D|doi=10.1006/icar.2000.6489|name-list-style=amp|s2cid=85555707}}</ref>
Paleontolog telah menelusuri sejarah evolusioner kehidupan sampai lebih dari {{ma|3000|}},<ref name="PiP">{{cite journal|last=Garwood|first=Russell J.|year=2012|title=Patterns In Palaeontology: The first 3 billion years of evolution|url=http://www.palaeontologyonline.com/articles/2012/patterns-in-palaeontology-the-first-3-billion-years-of-evolution/|journal=Palaeontology Online|volume=2|issue=11|pages=1–14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626104131/http://www.palaeontologyonline.com/articles/2012/patterns-in-palaeontology-the-first-3-billion-years-of-evolution/|archive-date=June 26, 2015|access-date=June 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> kemungkinan sampai sejauh {{ma|3800}}.Bukti jelas kehidupan di Bumi berasal dari {{ma|3000}}, meski terdapat laporan mengenai fosil bakteri dari {{ma|3400}} dan bukti geokimia mengenai keberadaan kehidupan pada {{ma|3800}}, meski masih diperdebatkan.<ref name="BrasierMcLoughlinEtAl2006FreshLook3">{{Cite journal|author=Brasier, M.|author-link=Martin Brasier|author2=McLoughlin, N.|author3=Green, O.|author4=Wacey, D.|date=June 2006|title=A fresh look at the fossil evidence for early Archaean cellular life|url=http://physwww.mcmaster.ca/~higgsp/3D03/BrasierArchaeanFossils.pdf|journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B]]|volume=361|issue=1470|pages=887–902|doi=10.1098/rstb.2006.1835|pmc=1578727|pmid=16754605|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911075352/http://physwww.mcmaster.ca/~higgsp/3D03/BrasierArchaeanFossils.pdf|archive-date=September 11, 2008|access-date=August 30, 2008|name-list-style=amp|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Schopf, J.|date=2006|title=Fossil evidence of Archaean life|journal=Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci|volume=361|issue=1470|pages=869–85|doi=10.1098/rstb.2006.1834|pmc=1578735|pmid=16754604}}</ref> Beberapa ahli mengusulkan ide bahwa [[Panspermia|kehidupan di Bumi "dibenihkan" dari tempat lain]],<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Arrhenius, S.|date=1903|title=The Propagation of Life in Space|journal=Die Umschau|volume=7|page=32|bibcode=1980qel..book...32A}} Reprinted in {{Cite book|date=September 1982|title=The Quest for Extraterrestrial Life|publisher=University Science Books|isbn=0-19-855704-3|editor=Goldsmith, D.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hoyle, F.|author2=Wickramasinghe, C.|author2-link=Chandra Wickramasinghe|date=1979|title=On the Nature of Interstellar Grains|journal=Astrophysics and Space Science|volume=66|issue=1|pages=77–90|bibcode=1979Ap&SS..66...77H|doi=10.1007/BF00648361|name-list-style=amp|s2cid=115165958}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Crick|first1=F.H.|last2=Orgel|first2=L.E.|date=1973|title=Directed Panspermia|journal=Icarus|volume=19|issue=3|pages=341–48|bibcode=1973Icar...19..341C|doi=10.1016/0019-1035(73)90110-3}}</ref> namun kebanyakan penelitian mengenai hal ini berfokus kepada berbagai penjelasan mengenai bagaimana [[Abiogenesis|kehidupan dapat muncul secara independen di Bumi]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Peretó, J.|date=2005|title=Controversies on the origin of life|url=http://www.im.microbios.org/0801/0801023.pdf|journal=Int. Microbiol.|volume=8|issue=1|pages=23–31|pmid=15906258|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824074726/http://www.im.microbios.org/0801/0801023.pdf|archive-date=August 24, 2015|access-date=October 7, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Selama sekitar 2.000 juta tahun, [[tikar mikrob]], yaitu koloni berlapis-lapis bakteri, merupakan jenis kehidupan paling dominan di Bumi.<ref name="KrumbeinBrehmEtAl2003BiofilmBiodictyonBiomatEtc">{{Cite book|author=Krumbein, W.E.|author2=Brehm, U.|author3=Gerdes, G.|author4=Gorbushina, A.A.|author5=Levit, G.|author6=Palinska, K.A.|date=2003|url=http://134.106.242.33/krumbein/htdocs/Archive/397/Krumbein_397.pdf|title=Fossil and Recent Biofilms: A Natural History of Life on Earth|publisher=Kluwer Academic|isbn=1-4020-1597-6|editor=Krumbein, W.E.|pages=1–28|contribution=Biofilm, Biodictyon, Biomat Microbialites, Oolites, Stromatolites, Geophysiology, Global Mechanism, Parahistology|access-date=July 9, 2008|editor2=Paterson, D.M.|editor3=Zavarzin, G.A.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106201614/http://134.106.242.33/krumbein/htdocs/Archive/397/Krumbein_397.pdf|archive-date=January 6, 2007|url-status=dead|name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Perkembangan [[fotosintesis oksigenik]] memungkinkan mereka untuk mengambil peran utama pada [[Peristiwa Oksigenasi Besar|peristiwa oksigenasi atmosfer]]<ref name="Hoehler2">{{Cite journal|author=Hoehler, T.M.|author2=Bebout, B.M.|author3=Des Marais, D.J.|date=July 19, 2001|title=The role of microbial mats in the production of reduced gases on the early Earth|journal=Nature|volume=412|issue=6844|pages=324–27|bibcode=2001Natur.412..324H|doi=10.1038/35085554|pmid=11460161|name-list-style=amp|s2cid=4365775}}</ref> dari sekitar {{ma|2400}}. Perubahan pada atmosfer ini meningkatkan efektivitas mereka sebagai pembibit evolusi.<ref name="NisbetFowler1999ArchaeanMetabolicEvolution">{{Cite journal|author=Nisbet, E.G.|author2=Fowler, C.M.R.|date=December 7, 1999|title=Archaean metabolic evolution of microbial mats|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B|volume=266|issue=1436|page=2375|doi=10.1098/rspb.1999.0934|pmc=1690475|name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Meski [[eukaryota]], yaitu sel dengan struktur dalam yang kompleks, telah ada lebih dulu, evolusi mereka mempercepat saat mereka mengembangkan kemampuan untuk mengubah oksigen dari [[racun]] (oksigen mematikan untuk kebanyakan mikroorganisme kala itu) menjadi sumber energi [[Metabolisme|metabolik]] yang sangat kuat. Inovasi ini barangkali berasal dari eukaryota primitif yang memerangkap bakteri bertenaga-oksigen sebagai sebuah [[Endosimbiosis|endosimbion]] dan mengubahnya menjadi sebuah [[organel]] yang dikenal sebagai [[mitokondria]].<ref name="PiP" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gray M.W.|author2=Burger G.|author3=Lang B.F.|date=March 1999|title=Mitochondrial evolution|journal=Science|volume=283|issue=5407|pages=1476–81|bibcode=1999Sci...283.1476G|doi=10.1126/science.283.5407.1476|pmc=3428767|pmid=10066161}}</ref> Bukti terawal keberadaan eukaryota kompleks denganorganel (seperti mitokondria) berasal dari {{ma|1850}}.<ref name="HedgesBlairEtAl2004molecularTimescaleOfEukaryoteEvolution2">{{Cite journal|author=Hedges, S.B.|author2=Blair, J.E|author3=Venturi, M.L.|author4=Shoe, J.L.|date=January 2004|title=A molecular timescale of eukaryote evolution and the rise of complex multicellular life|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=4|page=2|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-4-2|pmc=341452|pmid=15005799|name-list-style=amp|doi-access=free}}</ref>
[[File:20191108_Opabinia_regalis.png|pra=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/File:20191108_Opabinia_regalis.png|kiri|jmpl|''[[Opabinia]]'' memicu ketertarikan moderen mengenai [[Letusan Kambrium]].]]
Kehidupan [[Organisme multiseluler|multisel]] hanya terdiri dari sel-sel eukaryotik, dan bukti terawal mengenai wujud kehidupan ini adalah fosil-fosil [[Biota Francevillian]] dari {{ma|2100}},<ref name="albani">{{Cite journal|author1=El Albani, Abderrazak|author2=Bengtson, Stefan|author3=Canfield, Donald E.|author3-link=Donald Canfield|author4=Bekker, Andrey|author5=Macchiarelli, Reberto|last6=Mazurier|first6=Arnaud|last7=Hammarlund|first7=Emma U.|last8=Boulvais|first8=Philippe|last9=Dupuy|first9=Jean-Jacques|display-authors=8|date=July 2010|title=Large colonial organisms with coordinated growth in oxygenated environments 2.1 Gyr ago|journal=Nature|volume=466|issue=7302|pages=100–04|bibcode=2010Natur.466..100A|doi=10.1038/nature09166|pmid=20596019|author1-link=Abderrazak El Albani|s2cid=4331375}}</ref> meski spesialisasi sel untuk menjalani fungsi-fungsi yang berbeda baru muncul diantara {{ma|1430}} (kemungkinan jamur) dan {{ma|1200}} (kemungkinan [[alga merah]]). [[Reproduksi seksual]] barangkali merupakan sebuah prasyarat untuk spesialisasi sel, karena organisme multisel aseksual dapat terancam diambil alih oleh sel-sel asing yang mempertahankan kemampuan untuk bereproduksi..<ref name="Butterfield2000Bangiomorpha">{{Cite journal|author=Butterfield, N.J.|date=September 2000|title=''Bangiomorpha pubescens'' n. gen., n. sp.: implications for the evolution of sex, multicellularity, and the Mesoproterozoic/Neoproterozoic radiation of eukaryotes|url=http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/3/386|journal=Paleobiology|volume=26|issue=3|pages=386–404|bibcode=2000Pbio...26..386B|doi=10.1666/0094-8373(2000)026<0386:BPNGNS>2.0.CO;2|issn=0094-8373|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070307035241/http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/3/386|archive-date=March 7, 2007|access-date=September 2, 2008|s2cid=36648568|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Butterfield2005ProterozoicFungi">{{Cite journal|author=Butterfield, N.J.|year=2005|title=Probable Proterozoic fungi|url=http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/31/1/165|journal=Paleobiology|volume=31|issue=1|pages=165–82|bibcode=2005Pbio...31..165B|doi=10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031<0165:PPF>2.0.CO;2|issn=0094-8373|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129211124/http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/31/1/165|archive-date=January 29, 2009|access-date=September 2, 2008|s2cid=86332371|url-status=live}}</ref>
Hewan terawal yang diketahui barangkali adalah [[spons laut]] dari sekitar {{ma|890}}<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-05-26|title=890-million-year-old sponge fossil may be the earliest animal yet found|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/890-million-year-old-sponge-fossil-may-be-the-earliest-animal-known|website=Science|language=en|access-date=2024-05-26}}</ref>
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