Bencana kelaparan: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(11 revisi perantara oleh 10 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 6:
| footer = Dari atas-kiri ke bawah-kanan: korban anak-anak kelaparan di [[bencana kelaparan Rusia 1921–22|Rusia (1921-22)]], [[bencana kelaparan Belanda 1944–45|Belanda (1944-45)]], [[bencana kelaparan Bengal 1943|India (1943-44)]], dan [[Perang Saudara Nigeria|Nigeria (1967-70)]]
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'''Bencana kelaparan''', '''paceklik''', atau '''kahat'''<ref>{{kamus|kahat}}</ref> ({{lang-en|famine}}) adalah sebuah bencana besar yang dikarenakan kurangnya bahan pangan di suatu wilayah. Efeknya tersebar luas, dan kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh bencana [[kelaparan]] bisa bertahan selama berbulan-bulan, bahkan bertahun-tahun. Sering kali kelaparan juga disebabkan oleh [[bencana alam]] lain, seperti [[Gempa bumi|gempa]] atau [[tsunami]] yang menghancurkan seluruh wilayah, dan menyebabkan eksodus massal. Kematian karena kelaparan dan [[kekurangan gizi]] sangat menyakitkan, dan sering terjadi pada [[balita]] maupun lansia.
 
== Definisi ==
Baris 19:
* [[Kelaparan]]
* [[Organisasi Pangan dan Pertanian|Organisasi Pangan dan Pertanian (FAO)]]
* {{En}} [[List_of_faminesw:en:List of famines|Daftar bencana kelaparan]]
 
== Sumber dan bacaan tambahan ==
Baris 86:
* Moon, William. "Origins of the Great North Korean Famine." North Korean Review [http://mcfarland.metapress.com/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,8,10;journal,2,9;linkingpublicationresults,1:120199,1] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120712070718/http://mcfarland.metapress.com/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,8,10;journal,2,9;linkingpublicationresults,1:120199,1 |date=2012-07-12 }}
* [[Amartya Sen|Sen, Amartya]], ''Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlements and Deprivation'', Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1982 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=85190755 via Questia] [http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/economicsfinance/9780198284635/toc.html via Oxford Press]
* {{cite journal | doi = 10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.002033 | last1 = Shipton | first1 = Parker | year = 1990 | title = African Famines and Food Security: Anthropological Perspectives | url = http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.002033 | journal = Annual Review of Anthropology | volume = 19 | issue = | pages = 353–394 }}{{Pranala mati|date=November 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Srivastava, H.C., The History of Indian Famines from 1858–1918, Sri Ram Mehra and Co., Agra, 1968.
* Sommerville, Keith. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2449527.stm Why famine stalks Africa], BBC, 2001
Baris 92:
* Woo-Cumings, Meredith, {{PDFlink|[http://www.adbi.org/files/2002.01.rp31.ecology.famine.northkorea.pdf ''The Political Ecology of Famine: The North Korean Catastrophe and Its Lessons'']|807&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 827001 bytes -->}}, ADB Institute Research Paper 31, January 2002.
 
== RUJUKANReferensi ==
{{reflist}}
 
== PRANALAPranala LUARluar ==
{{Wiktionary}}
{{commons category|Famines}}
Baris 107:
* {{PDFlink|[http://www.reliefweb.int/library/documents/2005/wb-eth-28feb.pdf Fighting Hunger and poverty in Ethiopia (Geopolicity)]|1.48&nbsp;[[Mebibyte|MiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 1558625 bytes -->}} ([[Peter Middlebrook]])
* [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/31/world/africa/31soil.html?ex=1301461200&en=a95f9eb19c751f1f&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss Overfarming African Land Is Worsening Hunger Crisis - New York Times]
* [http://foodsecurity.developmentgateway.org/Content-item-view.10976+M5ce7bbfcaeb.0.html Food Security: A Review of Literature from Ethiopia to India (Geopolicity)] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.istoday/20081222003226/http://foodsecurity.developmentgateway.org/Content-item-view.10976+M5ce7bbfcaeb.0.html |date=2008-12-22 }}
* [http://www.asil.org/ajil/marcus.pdf Famine Crimes in International Law] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080817165709/http://www.asil.org/ajil/marcus.pdf |date=2008-08-17 }}. David Marcus, [[The American Journal of International Law]], 2003.
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989405,00.html The Real Causes of Famine - Time Magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912154033/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989405,00.html |date=2012-09-12 }}
 
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