Intifadah Pertama: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(9 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = IntifadhahIntifadah Pertama
| partof = [[Konflik Israel–Palestina]]
| image = [[File:Jabalya1988roadblock.jpg|300px|IDF roadblock outside Jabalya, 1988]]
| caption = Penghalang jalan [[Pasukan Pertahanan Israel|IDF]] di luar [[Jabalya]] di [[Jalur Gaza]], Februari 1988
| date = 8 Desember 1987 – 13 September 1993<br/>({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=12|day1=8|year1=1987|month2=9|day2=13|year2=1993}})
| place = {{hlist|[[Tepi Barat]]|[[Jalur Gaza]]|[[Israel]]}}
| casus = Tumbuhnya rasa frustrasi di antara orang-orang Palestina atas pendudukan Israel{{vague|date=June 2016}}
| result = Pemberontakan rakyat Palestina ditekan<ref>Kober, Avi, ''Israel's Wars of Attrition: Attrition Challenges to Democratic States'', p. 165</ref>
* [[Konferensi Madrid 1991]] dan akhirnya [[Persetujuan Oslo]] I:
* {{nowrap|Pembentukan [[Otoritas Palestina]]}}
*[[Israel]] Mengakui [[Otoritas Palestina]] di [[Jalur Gaza]] dan Sebagian [[Tepi Barat]]
* [[Organisasi Pembebasan Palestina|PLO]] mengakui [[Israel]]<ref>Kim Murphy. "[http://articles.latimes.com/1993-09-10/news/mn-33546_1_mutual-recognition Israel and PLO, in Historic Bid for Peace, Agree to Mutual Recognition]," ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', 10 September 1993.</ref>
| combatant1 = {{flag|Israel}}
| combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Palestine - short triangle.svg}} [[Kepemimpinan Pemberontakan Nasional Bersatu|al-Qiyadah al-Muwahhadah]]{{bulletedlist|{{flagicon image|Fatah FlagFateh-logo.svgjpg}} [[Fatah]]|{{flagicon image|PFLP Infobox Flagsvg.svgpng}} [[Front Populer untuk Pembebasan Palestina|PFLP]]|{{flagicon image|Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine - Flag.svg}} [[Front Demokratik untuk Pembebasan Palestina|DFLP]]|[[Partai Rakyat Palestina|PPP]]}}{{unbulleted list|{{flagicon image|Flag of Hamas.svg}} [[Hamas]]|{{flagicon image|FlagBlack of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestineflag.svg}} [[Jihad Islam Palestina]]}}
'''Didukung oleh:'''<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (1991–2004).svg}} [[Irak di bawah Baath|Irak]]<ref>{{in lang|tr}} [http://www.zaman.com.tr/dunya_saddam-olsaydi-israile-dersini-verirdi_789991.html 'Saddam olsaydı İsrail'e dersini verirdi'] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710172640/http://www.zaman.com.tr/dunya_saddam-olsaydi-israile-dersini-verirdi_789991.html |date=10 July 2015 }}, ''[[Zaman (surat kabar)|Zaman]]''</ref> {{small|([[Serangan roket Irak 1991 ke Israel|serangan rudal]] selama [[Perang Teluk]])}}
| commander1 = {{plainlist|
* [[Chaim Herzog]]
* [[Ezer Weizman]]
Baris 21 ⟶ 22:
* [[Dan Shomron]]
}}
| commander2 = {{plainlist|
* [[Khalil al-Wazir|Abu Jihad]]{{KIA}}
* [[Marwan Barghouti]]<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-13628771 "Profile: Marwan Barghouti"] [[BBC News]]. 26 November 2009. Accessed 9 August 2011.</ref>
}}
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| casualties1 = 277 orang Israel tewas<ref name="Kober">Kober, Avi. "From Blitzkrieg To Attrition: Israel's Attrition Strategy and Staying Power." ''Small Wars & Insurgencies'' 16, no. 2 (2005): 216–240.</ref>{{bulletedlist|175 warga sipil<ref name="Kober" />|102 [[Pasukan keamanan Israel|petugas keamanan]]<ref name="Kober" />}}
| casualties2 = 1.962 orang Palestina tewas<ref name="Kober" />{{bulletedlist|1.603 tewas oleh orang Israel<ref name="Kober" />|359 tewas oleh orang Palestina<ref name="Kober" />}}
}}
'''IntifadhahIntifadah Pertama''' ({{lang-ar|الانتفاضة الفلسطينية الأولى}}) (1987–1993) adalah serangan [[Jihad Islam]] terhadap [[Israel]] pada tanggal [[9 Desember]] [[1987]].<ref>"uprising by Palestinians against Israeli occupation in the West Bank and Gaza Strip territories." [http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579974/Intifada.html Intifada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403235459/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579974/Intifada.html |date=2008-04-03 }}, [[Microsoft Encarta]]. [http://www.webcitation.org/5kwcCZTP4 Archived] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214124959/http://www.webcitation.org/5kwcCZTP4 |date=2017-12-14 }} 2009-10-31.</ref> Pemberontakan dimulai di kemah pengungsi [[Jabalia]] dan dengan cepat menyebar ke seluruh [[Gaza]], [[Tepi Barat]] dan [[Yerusalem Timur]].<ref name="JMCC">[http://www.jmcc.org/research/reports/intifada.htm The Intifada - An Overview: The First Two Years] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090712042903/http://www.jmcc.org/research/reports/intifada.htm |date=2009-07-12 }}[http://www.phrmg.org/monitor2001/oct2001-collaborators.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606212710/http://www.phrmg.org/monitor2001/oct2001-collaborators.htm |date=2007-06-06 }}</ref>
Perlawanan merupakan ciri penting dari intifadhah, dengan eksekusi orang yang dituduh sebagai pendukung Israel. Diperkirakan 1.100 orang Palestina dibunuh oleh tentara Israel dan 164 orang Israel dibunuh oleh orang Palestina. Selain itu, diperkirakan 1.000 orang Palestina dibunuh oleh orang Palestina karena dituduh sebagai pendukung Israel.<ref name="Lockman">Zachary Lockman, Joel Beinin (1989) ''Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising Against Israeli Occupation'' South End Press, ISBN 0-89608-363-2 and 9780896083639 p 38</ref> Pemberontakan ini baru diakhiri pada tahun [[1992]].
 
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 44 ⟶ 45:
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/israel/Story/0,2763,1275360,00.html Palestinian Arab "collaborators"] (Guardian, UK)
* [http://libcom.org/library/rebellion-palestine-le-brise-glace The Future of a Rebellion - Palestine] An anaysis of the 1980s intifada revolt of Palestinian youth. on libcom.org
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[[Kategori:Konflikkonflik Israel-PalestinaIsrael–Palestina]]
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