Gunung Kilimanjaro: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 4:
| photo_caption = Puncak Kibo dari Kilimanjaro
| elevation_m = 5,895
| elevation_ref = <ref name="TNP">{{cite web|url=http://www.tanzaniaparks.com/kili.html |title=Kilimanjaro National Park |publisher=Tanzania National Parks |work=Tanzania National Parks |access-date=16 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120923032157/http://www.tanzaniaparks.com/kili.html |archive-date=23 September 2012 }}</ref><ref name="UNESCO">{{cite web | url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/403 | title=Kilimanjaro National Park | publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre | work=World Heritage List | accessdate=16 July 2015 | archive-date=2016-11-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123112332/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/403 | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| prominence_m = 5,885
| prominence_ref = <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11202 | title=Kilimanjaro | publisher=Peakbagger.com | accessdate=16 August 2012 | archive-date=2012-09-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912171331/http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11202 | dead-url=no }}</ref><br/><small>Ranked 4th</small><ref>{{cite web | title=World Peaks with 4000 meters of Prominence | url=http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=401 | website=Peakbagger.com | accessdate=8 November 2015 | archive-date=2015-09-30 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930175751/http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=401 | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| map = Tanzania <!--|relief=1-->
| map_caption = Lokasi Gunung Kilimanjaro di Tanzania
Baris 32:
| accessyear = 2007
| publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
| access-date = 2007-02-20
| archive-date = 2016-01-23
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160123165242/http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/tanzania.htm
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> tingginya 4.600 m bila diukur dari kaki gunung.
Baris 71 ⟶ 75:
| first =
| publisher = PBS Online
| access-date = 2007-02-20
| archive-date = 2022-10-27
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221027120413/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3017_kilimanj.html
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>
== Toponim ==
[[File:Meyers b14 s0300a.jpg|thumb|250px|Peta bersejarah dengan "''Kilima-Ndscharo''" selama [[Afrika Timur Jerman]] pada tahun 1888.]]
Asal usul nama Kilimanjaro tidak diketahui, tetapi terdapat sejumlah teori. Penjelajah Eropa telah mengadopsi nama tersebut pada tahun 1860 dan melaporkan bahwa Kilimanjaro adalah nama gunung [[Swahili|Kiswahili]].<ref name="Krapf">{{cite book | author1=Johann Ludwig Krapf | author2=Ernest George Ravenstein | title=Travels, Researches, and Missionary Labours, During an Eighteen Years' Residence in Eastern Africa: Together with Journeys to Jagga, Usambara, Ukambani, Shoa, Abessinia and Khartum, and a Coasting Voyage from Nombaz to Cape Delgado | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z78NAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA255 | year=1860 | publisher=Trübner and Company, Paternoster Row. | page=255 | access-date=2016-10-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216033256/https://books.google.com/books?id=z78NAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA255 | archive-date=2017-02-16 | url-status=live }}</ref> ''The Nuttall Encyclopædia'' edisi 1907 juga mencatat nama gunung tersebut sebagai Kilima-Njaro.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | url=http://words.fromoldbooks.org/Wood-NuttallEncyclopaedia/k/kilima-njaro.html | title=Kilima-Njaro | publisher=fromoldbooks.org | encyclopedia=1907 Nuttall Encyclopædia of General Knowledge | date=1907 | access-date=16 July 2015 | author=James Wood | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417153404/http://words.fromoldbooks.org/Wood-NuttallEncyclopaedia/k/kilima-njaro.html | archive-date=17 April 2015 | url-status=live | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
[[Johann Ludwig Krapf]] menulis pada tahun 1860 bahwa bahasa Swahili di sepanjang pantai disebut gunung Kilimanjaro. Meskipun dia tidak menawarkan dukungan apa pun,<ref name="Hutchinson"/> dia mengklaim bahwa Kilimanjaro berarti gunung kebesaran atau gunung karavan. Di bawah arti yang terakhir, ''kilima'' berarti gunung dan ''jaro'' berarti karavan.<ref name="Krapf"/> Jim Thompson mengklaim pada tahun 1885, sekali lagi tanpa dukungan,<ref name="Hutchinson"/> bahwa istilah Kilima-Njaro "secara umum dipahami sebagai" gunung (''kilima'') keagungan (''njaro''). Dia juga menyarankan "meskipun bukan tidak mungkin itu berarti" gunung putih.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9PETAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA116 |title=''Through Masai land: a journey of exploration among the snowclad volcanic mountains and strange tribes of eastern equatorial Africa'', authored by Johann Ludwig Krapf and Ernest George Ravenstein, Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, London, 1887 |access-date=2016-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223170259/https://books.google.com/books?id=9PETAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA116#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-date=2017-02-23 |url-status=live |last1=Thomson |first1=Joseph |year=1887 }}</ref>
== Garis besar ==
Baris 112 ⟶ 127:
| first =
| publisher = NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| access-date = 2007-02-20
| archive-date = 2009-11-07
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091107194547/http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/stories/kilimanjaro_20021216/index.html
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> dan penelitian yang dipimpin seorang [[paleoklimatologi]]s dari [[Ohio State University]] bernama [[Lonnie Thompson]]<ref name=science>{{cite web
| url = http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/sci;298/5593/518
Baris 121 ⟶ 140:
| first = Kevin
| publisher = Science
| access-date = 2007-02-20
| archive-date = 2009-08-28
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090828134231/http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/sci;298/5593/518
| dead-url = no
}}</ref> memperkirakan salju yang menyelimuti puncak gunung ini akan menghilang sekitar tahun 2015 hingga 2020.<ref name=thompson>{{cite web
| url = http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/kilicores.htm
Baris 165 ⟶ 188:
== Pranala luar ==
{{commons|Kilimanjaro}}
* {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/teknologi/news/0503/15/115102.htm Kilimanjaro, Gunung Putih yang Tak Bercahaya Lagi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110115040747/http://www.kompas.com/teknologi/news/0503/15/115102.htm |date=2011-01-15 }} ''Kompas'', 15 Maret 2005
* {{en}} [http://www.climbmountkilimanjaro.com Climb Mount Kilimanjaro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703152239/https://www.climbmountkilimanjaro.com/ |date=2023-07-03 }} Situs pariwisata
* {{en}} [http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/img_kilimanjaro.html Geografi Gunung Kilimanjaro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070224125514/http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/img_kilimanjaro.html |date=2007-02-24 }}
* {{en}} [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=10856 Situs web NASA Earth Explorer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920054335/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=10856 |date=2008-09-20 }} Foto perbandingan salju abadi tahun 1993 dan 2000
* {{en}} [http://www.georgefisher.com/Personal/Kilimanjaro.htm Climbing Kilimanjaro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421002215/http://www.georgefisher.com/Personal/Kilimanjaro.htm |date=2023-04-21 }} Situs seorang pendaki (George R. Fisher)
* {{en}} [http://home.mchsi.com/~bwerm/ Kilimanjaro - A Climber's Journal oleh Brad Wermers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430173935/http://home.mchsi.com/~bwerm/ |date=2009-04-30 }} Jurnal seorang pendaki Kilimanjaro
[[Kategori:Gunung di Tanzania]]
[[Kategori:Tujuh Puncak Utama]]
[[Kategori:Gunung Kilimanjaro]]
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[[Kategori:Gunung berapi di Tanzania]]
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