Fluorin: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.3 |
FelixJL111 (bicara | kontrib) kTidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan visualeditor-wikitext |
||
| (6 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{distinguish|Florin|Fluorida|Fluorena|Fluoron}}
{{Kotak info fluorin}}
Di antara semua unsur, fluorin menempati [[Kelimpahan unsur|urutan ke-24 dalam kelimpahan universal dan ke-13 dalam kelimpahan terestrial]]. [[Fluorit]], sumber mineral utama fluorin yang memberi nama unsur tersebut, pertama kali dijelaskan pada tahun 1529; karena ia ditambahkan ke pada [[bijih]] logam untuk menurunkan titik leburnya agar dapat mempermudah [[Peleburan (metalurgi)|peleburan]], kata kerja Latin ''fluo'' yang berarti 'mengalir' memberi nama mineral tersebut. Diusulkan sebagai unsur pada tahun 1810, fluorin terbukti sulit dan berbahaya untuk dipisahkan dari senyawanya, dan beberapa peneliti awal meninggal atau menderita luka akibat percobaan mereka. Baru pada tahun 1886 ahli kimia Prancis [[Henri Moissan]] mengisolasi fluorin unsur menggunakan [[elektrolisis]] suhu rendah, sebuah proses yang masih digunakan untuk produksi modern. Produksi industri gas fluorin untuk [[Pengayaan uranium#Metode pengayaan|pengayaan uranium]], aplikasi terbesarnya, dimulai selama [[Proyek Manhattan]] dalam [[Perang Dunia II]].
Baris 97:
Pada tahun 1529, [[Georgius Agricola]] menggambarkan fluorit sebagai aditif yang digunakan untuk menurunkan titik lebur logam selama [[Peleburan (metalurgi)|peleburan]].{{sfn|Greenwood|Earnshaw|1998|p=790}}<ref name="assassinated">{{harvnb|Senning|2007|p=[https://books.google.com/?id=Fl4sdCYrq3cC&pg=PA149 149]}}.</ref>{{refn|[[Basilius Valentinus]] diduga menggambarkan fluorit pada akhir abad ke-15, tetapi karena tulisannya ditemukan 200 tahun kemudian, kebenaran daripada karya ini diragukan.<ref name="PopSci">{{Harvnb|Stillman|1912}}.</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Principe|2012|pp=140, 145}}.</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Agricola|Hoover|Hoover|1912|loc=catatan kaki dan komentar, hlm. xxx, 38, 409, 430, 461, 608}}.</ref>||group="note"}} Dia menulis kata Latin ''fluorēs'' (''fluor,'' alir) untuk batuan fluorit. Nama tersebut kemudian berkembang menjadi ''fluorspar'' (masih umum digunakan) dan kemudian ''fluorit''.<ref name="KGS fluorite terminology">{{harvnb|Norwood|Fohs|1907|p=[https://archive.org/stream/bulletin01kentgoog#page/n94/mode/2up 52]}}.</ref>{{sfn|Greenwood|Earnshaw|1998|p=109}}<ref>{{Harvnb|Agricola|Hoover|Hoover|1912|loc=kata pengantar, hlm. [https://archive.org/stream/georgiusagricola00agririch#page/380/mode/2up 380–381]}}.</ref> Komposisi fluorit kemudian ditentukan sebagai [[Kalsium fluorida|kalsium difluorida]].<ref name="Weeks">{{harvnb|Weeks|1932}}.</ref>
[[Asam fluorida]] digunakan dalam [[etsa kaca]] dari tahun 1720 dan seterusnya.{{refn|Atau mungkin sejak tahun 1670 dan seterusnya; Partington<ref name="Partington">{{harvnb|Partington|1923}}.</ref> dan Weeks<ref name="Weeks" /> memberikan penjelasan yang berbeda.||group="note"}} [[Andreas Sigismund Marggraf]] pertama kali mengkarakterisasinya pada tahun 1764 ketika dia memanaskan fluorit dengan asam sulfat, dan larutan yang dihasilkan merusak wadah kacanya.<ref>{{harvnb|Marggraf|1770}}.</ref><ref name="ModFcchem" /> Kimiawan Swedia [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele]] mengulangi percobaan pada tahun 1771, dan menamakan produk asamnya sebagai ''fluss-spats-syran'' (asam fluorspar).<ref name="ModFcchem" /><ref>{{harvnb|Scheele|1771}}.</ref> Pada tahun 1810, fisikawan Prancis [[André-Marie Ampère]] memperkirakan bahwa hidrogen dan unsur yang analog dengan klorin merupakan asam fluorida.<ref>{{harvnb|Ampère|1816}}.</ref> Dia juga mengusulkan dalam sebuah surat kepada [[Humphry Davy]] tertanggal 26 Agustus 1812 bahwa zat yang saat itu tidak diketahui ini dapat diberi nama ''fluorin'' dari asam fluorat dan akhiran ''-in'' dari halogen lainnya.<ref>{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kslaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3|title = Fluorine: A Paradoxical Element|isbn = 9780128129913|last1 = Tressaud|first1 = Alain|date = 6 October 2018|access-date = 2022-08-04|archive-date = 2023-07-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230722094701/https://books.google.com/books?id=kslaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3|dead-url = no}}</ref>{{sfn|Davy|1813|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dhdGAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA278 278]}} Kata ini, seringkali dengan modifikasi, digunakan di sebagian besar bahasa Eropa; namun, bahasa Yunani, Rusia, dan beberapa lainnya, mengikuti saran Ampère berikutnya, menggunakan nama ''ftor'' atau turunannya, dari bahasa Yunani φθόριος (''phthorios'', destruktif).{{sfn|Banks|1986|p=11}} Nama Latin Baru ''fluorum'' memberikan unsur tersebut dengan lambangnya saat ini, '''F'''; Fl digunakan dalam beberapa makalah awal.<ref name="dissolve" />{{refn|Fl, sejak 2012, digunakan untuk [[flerovium]].||group="note"}}
===Isolasi===
Baris 169:
:CaF<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> → 2 HF(g) + CaSO<sub>4</sub>
Gas HF kemudian dapat diserap dalam air atau dicairkan.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Norris Shreve |last2=Joseph Brink, Jr. |title=Chemical Process Industries |url=https://archive.org/details/chemicalprocessi0000shre_s8m7 |date=1977 |isbn=0070571457 |page=[https://archive.org/details/chemicalprocessi0000shre_s8m7/page/321 321] |edition=4}}</ref>
Sekitar 20% HF yang diproduksi adalah produk sampingan dari produksi pupuk, yang menghasilkan [[asam heksafluorosilikat]] (H<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>), yang dapat didegradasi untuk melepaskan HF secara termal dan hidrolisis:
Baris 338:
*{{cite journal|last=Ampère|first=André-Marie|author-link=André-Marie Ampère|date=1816|title=Suite d'une classification naturelle pour les corps simples|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jEFAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA5|journal=Annales de chimie et de physique|volume=2|pages=1–5|language=fr}}
*{{cite journal | last1 = Arana | first1 = L. R. | last2 = Mas | first2 = N. | last3 = Schmidt | first3 = R. | last4 =Franz | first4 = A. J. | last5 = Schmidt | first5 = M. A. | last6 = Jensen | first6 = K. F. | year = 2007 | title = Isotropic Etching of Silicon in Fluorine Gas for MEMS Micromachining | journal = Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 384–392 | doi = 10.1088/0960-1317/17/2/026 | bibcode = 2007JMiMi..17..384A | ref={{harvid|Arana et al.|2007}} }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Armfield | first1 = J. M. | doi = 10.1186/1743-8462-4-25 | title = When Public Action Undermines Public Health: A Critical Examination of Antifluoridationist Literature | url = http://www.anzhealthpolicy.com/content/4/1/25 | journal = Australia and New Zealand Health Policy | volume = 4 | pages = 25 | year = 2007 | pmid = 18067684 | pmc = 2222595 | access-date = 2022-08-04 | archive-date = 2016-01-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160127093833/http://www.anzhealthpolicy.com/content/4/1/25 | dead-url = no }}
*{{cite book|last=Asimov|first=Isaac|author-link=Isaac Asimov|date=1966|title=The Noble Gases|url=https://archive.org/details/noblegases0000asim|location=New York|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-05129-8}}
*{{cite book|last1=Atkins|first1=Peter|last2=Jones|first2=Loretta|date=2007|title=Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight|edition=4th|location=New York|publisher=W. H. Freeman|isbn=978-1-4292-0965-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0004unse}}
*{{cite web|last1=Aucamp|first1=Pieter J.|last2=Björn|first2=Lars Olof|date=2010|title=Questions and Answers about the Environmental Effects of the Ozone Layer Depletion and Climate Change: 2010 Update|url=http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/EEAP/eeap-report2010-FAQ.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=United Nations Environmental Programme|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903160920/http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/EEAP/eeap-report2010-FAQ.pdf|archive-date=3 September 2013|url-status=dead}}
*{{NUBASE2016|plain|ref={{harvid|''NUBASE''|2016}}}}.
*{{cite journal|last1=Augenstein|first1=W. L.|display-authors=1|last2=Spoerke|first2=D. G.|last3=Kulig|first3=K. W.|last4=Hall|first4=A. H.|last5=Hall|first5=P. K.|last6=Riggs|first6=B. S.|last7=El-Saadi|first7=M.|last8=Rumack|first8=B. H.|date=1991|title=Fluoride Ingestion in Children: A Review of 87 cases|journal=Pediatrics|url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/88/5/907|volume=88|issue=5|pages=907–912|doi=10.1542/peds.88.5.907|pmid=1945630|s2cid=22106466|ref={{harvid|Augenstein et al.|1991}}|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2010-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101002045752/http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/88/5/907|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last1=Babel|first1=Dietrich|last2=Tressaud|first2=Alain|date=1985|chapter=Crystal Chemistry of Fluorides|title=Inorganic Solid Fluorides: Chemistry And Physics|editor-last=Hagenmuller|editor-first=Paul|pages=78–203 |location=Orlando|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-412490-5}}
*{{cite book|last1=Baelum|first1=Vibeke|last2=Sheiham|first2=Aubrey|last3=Burt|first3=Brian|date=2008|chapter=Caries Control for Populations|title=Dental Caries: The Disease and Its Clinical Management|url=https://archive.org/details/dentalcariesdise0000unse_j7w4|editor-first1=Ole|editor-last1=Fejerskov|editor-first2=Edwina|editor-last2=Kidd|pages=
*{{cite journal|last1=Baez|first1=Ramon J.|last2=Baez|first2=Martha X.|last3=Marthaler|first3=Thomas M. |title=Urinary Fluoride Excretion by Children 4–6 Years Old in a South Texas Community|journal=Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |volume=7|issue=4|date=2000|pages=242–248|doi=10.1590/S1020-49892000000400005 |doi-access=free|pmid=10846927}}
*{{cite journal|volume=33|issue=1–4|date=1986|pages=3–26|first=R. E.|last=Banks|title=Isolation of fluorine by Moissan: Setting the scene|journal=Journal of Fluorine Chemistry|doi=10.1016/S0022-1139(00)85269-0}}
*{{cite book|last1=Barbee|first1=K.|last2=McCormack|first2=K.|last3=Vartanian|first3=V.|date=2000 |chapter=EHS Concerns with Ozonated Water Spray Processing|title=Environmental Issues in the Electronics and Semiconductor Industries |pages=108–121|editor-first=L.|editor-last=Mendicino|location=Pennington, NJ |publisher=The Electrochemical Society|isbn=978-1-56677-230-3}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Barrett | first1 = C. S.| last2 = Meyer | first2 = L.| last3 = Wasserman | first3 = J.| title = Argon—Fluorine Phase Diagram | doi = 10.1063/1.1711946 | journal = The Journal of Chemical Physics | volume = 47 | issue = 2 | pages = 740–743 | year = 1967|bibcode = 1967JChPh..47..740B }}
*{{cite web|last1=Barry|first1=Patrick L.|last2=Phillips|first2=Tony|date=26 May 2006|title=Good News and a Puzzle|url=https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2006/26may_ozone/|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration|archive-date=2010-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527062059/https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2006/26may_ozone/|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Bartlett | first1 = N. | year = 1962 | title = Xenon Hexafluoroplatinate (V) Xe<sup>+</sup>[PtF<sub>6</sub>]<sup>−</sup> | journal = Proceedings of the Chemical Society | issue = 6 | page = 218 | doi = 10.1039/PS9620000197 }}
*{{cite book|last=Beasley|first=Michael|date=Agustus 2002|title=Guidelines for the safe use of sodium fluoroacetate (1080)|url=http://www.business.govt.nz/healthandsafetygroup/information-guidance/all-guidance-items/sodium-fluoroacetate-1080-guidelines-for-the-safe-use-of/1080guidelines.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|location=Wellington|publisher=Occupational Safety & Health Service, Department of Labour (New Zealand)|isbn=0-477-03664-3|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111104912/http://www.business.govt.nz/healthandsafetygroup/information-guidance/all-guidance-items/sodium-fluoroacetate-1080-guidelines-for-the-safe-use-of/1080guidelines.pdf|archive-date=11 November 2013}}
Baris 358:
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Betts | first1 = K. S. | title = Perfluoroalkyl Acids: What is the Evidence Telling Us? | doi = 10.1289/ehp.115-a250 | journal = Environmental Health Perspectives | volume = 115 | issue = 5 | pages = A250–A256 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17520044| pmc =1867999 }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Bihary | first1 = Z. | last2 = Chaban | first2 = G. M. | last3 = Gerber | first3 = R. B. | doi = 10.1063/1.1506150 | title = Stability of a Chemically Bound Helium Compound in High-pressure Solid Helium | journal = The Journal of Chemical Physics | volume = 117 | issue = 11 | pages = 5105–5108 | year = 2002 | bibcode = 2002JChPh.117.5105B }}
*{{cite book|title=Interface of Neurology and Internal Medicine|edition=illustrated|first1=José|last1=Biller|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|date=2007|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-7906-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SRIvmTVcYBwC|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2023-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722094721/https://books.google.com/books?id=SRIvmTVcYBwC|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Blodgett|first1=D. W.|last2=Suruda|first2=A. J.|last3=Crouch|first3=B. I.|date=2001|title=Fatal Unintentional Occupational Poisonings by Hydrofluoric Acid in the U.S|url=http://www.chem.purdue.edu/chemsafety/Equip/HFfacts12.pdf|journal=American Journal of Industrial Medicine|volume=40|issue=2|pages=215–220|doi=10.1002/ajim.1090|pmid=11494350|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717015515/http://www.chem.purdue.edu/chemsafety/Equip/HFfacts12.pdf|archive-date=17 Juli 2012}}
*{{cite web|last=Bombourg|first=Nicolas|date=4 July 2012|title=World Fluorochemicals Market, Freedonia|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/world-fluorochemicals-market-freedonia-161338935.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=Reporterlinker|archive-date=2020-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423143216/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/world-fluorochemicals-market-freedonia-161338935.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|last=Brantley|first=L. R.|date=1949|title=Fluorine|editor-last1=Squires|editor-first1=Roy|editor-last2=Clarke|editor-first2=Arthur C.|editor-link2=Arthur C. Clarke|journal=Pacific Rockets: Journal of the Pacific Rocket Society|volume=3|issue=1|pages=11–18|publisher=Sawyer Publishing/Pacific Rocket Society Historical Library|location=South Pasadena|isbn=978-0-9794418-5-1}}
*{{cite web|last=Brody|first=Jane E.|date=10 September 2012|title=Popular Antibiotics May Carry Serious Side Effects|url=http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/10/popular-antibiotics-may-carry-serious-side-effects/|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=The New York Times Well Blog|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806172249/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/10/popular-antibiotics-may-carry-serious-side-effects/|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Paul L.|last2=Mompean|first2=Federico J.|last3=Perrone|first3=Jane|last4=Illemassène|first4=Myriam|date=2005|title=Chemical Thermodynamics of Zirconium|location=Amsterdam|publisher=Elsevier B. V.|isbn=978-0-444-51803-3|ref={{harvid|Brown et al.|2005}}}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Burdon | first1 = J. | last2 = Emson | first2 = B. | last3 = Edwards | first3 = A. J. | doi = 10.1016/S0022-1139(00)85188-X | title = Is Fluorine Gas Really Yellow? | journal = Journal of Fluorine Chemistry | volume = 34 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 471–474 | year = 1987 }}
Baris 372:
*{{cite book|last=Carey|first=Charles W.|date=2008|title=African Americans in Science|location=Santa Barbara|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-85109-998-6}}
*{{Ullmann | last1 = Carlson | first1 = D. P. | last2 = Schmiegel | first2 = W. | doi = 10.1002/14356007.a11_393 | year = 2000 | isbn = 3527306730 | pages = 495–533|title= Fluoropolymers, Organic }}
*{{cite journal|author=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|author-link=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=2001|title=Recommendations for Using Fluoride to Prevent and Control Dental Caries in the United States|url=http://cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5014a1.htm|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|journal=MMWR Recommendations and Reports|volume=50|issue=RR–14|pages=1–42|pmid=11521913|ref={{Harvid|CDC|2001}}|archive-date=2007-02-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208171020/http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5014a1.htm|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=Centers for Disease for Control and Prevention|date=10 Juli 2013|title=Community Water Fluoridation|url=https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faqs/|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|ref={{Harvid|CDC|2013}}|archive-date=2017-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705085001/https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faqs/|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last1=Chambers|first1=C.|last2=Holliday|first2=A. K.|date=1975|title=Modern Inorganic Chemistry: An Intermediate Text|url=http://files.rushim.ru/books/neorganika/Chambers.pdf|location=London|publisher=Butterworth & Co.|isbn=978-0-408-70663-6|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323002902/http://files.rushim.ru/books/neorganika/Chambers.pdf|archive-date=23 Maret 2013}}
*{{cite book|last1=Chang|first1=Raymond|last2=Goldsby|first2=Kenneth A.|date=2013|title=Chemistry|url=https://archive.org/details/chemistry0000chan_c8r8|edition=11th|location=New York|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-131787-0}}
Baris 381:
*{{cite journal|title=Chemical Synthesis of Elemental Fluorine|date=1986|last1=Christe|first1=Karl O.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=25|issue=21|pages=3721–3722|doi=10.1021/ic00241a001}}
*{{cite web|author=Christe Research Group|date=n.d.|title=Chemical Synthesis of Elemental Fluorine|url=http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~kchriste/research.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051646/http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~kchriste/research.html|archive-date=4 Maret 2016|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|last=Clark|first=Jim|date=2002|title=The Acidity of the Hydrogen Halides|url=http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group7/acidityhx.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=chemguide.co.uk|archive-date=2012-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531111650/http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group7/acidityhx.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Clayton|first=Donald|date=2003|title=Handbook of Isotopes in the Cosmos: Hydrogen to Gallium|url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofisotop0000clay|location=New York|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-82381-4}}
*{{cite book|author=Compressed Gas Association|title=Handbook of Compressed Gases|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|edition=4|date=1999|location=Boston|isbn=978-0-412-78230-5}}
*{{cite journal|first1=B.|last1=Cordero|first2=V.|last2=Gómez|first3=A. E.|last3=Platero-Prats|first4=M.|last4=Revés|first5=J.|last5=Echeverría|first6=E.|last6=Cremades|first7=F. |last7=Barragán|first8=S.|last8=Alvarez|title=Covalent Radii Revisited|journal=Dalton Transactions|date=2008|pages=2832–2838|issue=21|doi=10.1039/b801115j|ref={{harvid|Cordero et al.|2008}}|pmid=18478144}}
*{{cite web |last=Cracher |first=Connie M. |date=2012 |title=Current Concepts in Preventive Dentistry |url=http://www.dentalcare.com/media/en-US/education/ce334/ce334.pdf |access-date=4 Agustus 2022 |publisher=dentalcare.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014172105/http://www.dentalcare.com/media/en-US/education/ce334/ce334.pdf |archive-date=14 Oktober 2013 }}
*{{cite journal|last=Croswell|first=Ken|date=September 2003|title=Fluorine: An element–ary Mystery|url=http://kencroswell.com/fluorine.html|journal=Sky and Telescope|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075756/http://kencroswell.com/fluorine.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1038/news.2011.293|title=First signs of ozone-hole recovery spotted|journal=Nature|year=2011|last1=Mitchell Crow|first1=James}}
*{{cite journal|last=Davis|first=Nicole|title=Better than blood|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|journal=Popular Science|date=November 2006|url=http://www.popsci.com/scitech/article/2006-11/better-blood|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604181554/http://www.popsci.com/scitech/article/2006-11/better-blood|archive-date=4 Juni 2011}}
Baris 395:
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Drews | first1 = T. | last2 = Supeł | first2 = J. | last3 = Hagenbach | first3 = A. | last4 = Seppelt | first4 = K. | title = Solid State Molecular Structures of Transition Metal Hexafluorides | doi = 10.1021/ic052029f | journal = Inorganic Chemistry | volume = 45 | issue = 9 | pages = 3782–3788 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16634614| ref={{harvid|Drews et al.|2006}} }}
*{{cite web|author=DuPont|year=2013a|title=Freon|url=http://www2.dupont.com/Phoenix_Heritage/en_US/1930_d_detail.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2015-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221134854/http://www2.dupont.com/Phoenix_Heritage/en_US/1930_d_detail.html|dead-url=yes}}
*{{cite web|author=DuPont|year=2013b|title=Understanding the Refrigerant 'R' Nomenclature|url=http://www2.dupont.com/Refrigerants/en_CA/products/understanding.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2014-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003220125/http://www2.dupont.com/Refrigerants/en_CA/products/understanding.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|last=Eaton|first=Charles|title=Figure hfl|date=1997|work=E-Hand.com: The Electronic Textbook of Hand Surgery|url=http://www.eatonhand.com/complic/figures/hfl.htm|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=The Hand Center (former practice of Dr. Eaton)|archive-date=2020-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725214041/http://www.eatonhand.com/complic/figures/hfl.htm|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Edwards|first=Philip Neil|date=1994|chapter=Use of Fluorine in Chemotherapy|title=Organofluorine Chemistry: Principles and Commercial Applications|pages=501–542|editor-first1=R. E.|editor-last1=Banks|editor-first2=B. E.|editor-last2=Smart|editor-first3=J. C.|editor-last3=Tatlow|location=New York|publisher=Plenum Press|isbn=978-0-306-44610-8}}
*{{cite journal|first1=F. W. B.|last1=Einstein|first2=P. R.|last2=Rao|first3=J.|last3=Trotter|first4=N.|last4=Bartlett|title=The Crystal Structure of Gold Trifluoride|date=1967|journal=Journal of the Chemical Society A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical|volume=4|pages=478–482|doi=10.1039/J19670000478|ref={{harvid|Einstein et al.|1967}}}}
*{{cite report|last=Eisler|first=Ronald|date=1995|title=Sodium Monofluoroacetate (1080) Hazards to Fish, Wildlife and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review|url=http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/eisler/CHR_30_Sodium_monofluoroacetate.pdf|access-date=5 June 2011|publisher=Patuxent Environmental Science Center (U.S. National Biological Service)}}
*{{cite book|last=Ellis|first=Brian|date=2001|title=Scientific Essentialism|url=https://archive.org/details/scientificessent0000elli|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-80094-5}}
*{{cite book|last=El-Kareh|first=Badih|date=1994|title=Fundamentals of Semiconductor Processing Technology|url=https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofse0000elka|location=Norwell and Dordrecht|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|isbn=978-0-7923-9534-8}}
*{{cite journal|last1=El Saadi|first1=M. S.|last2=Hall|first2=A. H.|last3=Hall|first3=P. K.|last4=Riggs|first4=B. S.|last5=Augenstein|first5=W. L.|last6=Rumack|first6=B. H.|date=1989|title=Hydrofluoric Acid Dermal Exposure|journal=Veterinary and Human Toxicology|volume=31|issue=3|pages=243–247|pmid=2741315|ref={{harvid|El Saadi et al.|1989}}}}
*{{cite book|last1=Emeléus|first1=H. J.|last2=Sharpe|first2=A. G.|date=1974|title=Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry|volume=16|location=New York|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-08-057865-1}}
*{{cite book|last1=Emeléus|first1=H. J.|last2=Sharpe|first2=A. G.|title=Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry|volume=27|publisher=Academic Press|date=1983|isbn=0-12-023627-3}}
*{{cite journal|last=Emsley|first=John|date=1981|title=The Hidden Strength of Hydrogen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbthaZCUXy4C&pg=PA292|journal=New Scientist|volume=91|issue=1264|pages=291–292|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2023-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722094703/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbthaZCUXy4C&pg=PA292|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Emsley|first=John|date=2011|title=Nature's Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements|url=https://archive.org/details/naturesbuildingb0000emsl_b1k4|edition=2|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-960563-7}}
*{{cite report|author=Energetics, Inc.|date=1997|title=Energy and Environmental Profile of the U.S. Aluminum Industry|url=http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/resources/aluminum/pdfs/aluminum.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022}}
Baris 414:
*{{cite book|last1=Fulton|first=Robert B.|last2=Miller|first2=M. Michael|date=2006|section=Fluorspar |title=Industrial Minerals & Rocks: Commodities, Markets, and Uses|editor-first1=Jessica Elzea|editor-last1=Kogel |editor-first2=Nikhil C.|editor-last2=Trivedi|editor-first3=James M.|editor-last3=Barker |editor-first4=Stanley T.|editor-last4=Krukowski|pages=461–473|location=Littleton|publisher=Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (U.S.) |isbn=978-0-87335-233-8}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Gabriel | first1 = J. L. | last2 = Miller Jr | first2 = T. F. | last3 = Wolfson | first3 = M. R. | last4 = Shaffer | first4 = T. H. | title = Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of Perfluorinated Hetero-Hydrocarbons as Potential Respiratory Media | doi = 10.1097/00002480-199642060-00009 | journal = ASAIO Journal | volume = 42 | issue = 6 | pages = 968–973 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8959271| s2cid = 31161098 | ref={{harvid|Gabriel et al.|1996}} }}
*{{cite news|last=Gains|first=Paul|date=18 October 1998|title=A New Threat in Blood Doping|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/18/sports/a-new-threat-in-blood-doping.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2023-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407054621/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/18/sports/a-new-threat-in-blood-doping.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Gessner | first1 = B. D. | last2 = Beller | first2 = M. | last3 = Middaugh | first3 = J. P. | last4 = Whitford | first4 = G. M. | title = Acute Fluoride Poisoning from a Public Water System | doi = 10.1056/NEJM199401133300203 | journal = New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 330 | issue = 2 | pages = 95–99 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8259189| ref={{harvid|Gessner et al.|1994}} }}
*{{cite journal|last1=Giesy|first1=J. P.|last2=Kannan|first2=K.|title=Perfluorochemical Surfactants in the Environment |journal=Environmental Science & Technology|volume=36|issue=7|pages=146A–152A |date=2002 |doi=10.1021/es022253t |pmid=11999053|bibcode=2002EnST...36..146G|doi-access=free}}
Baris 436:
*{{cite journal|last1=Hasegawa|first1=Y.|last2=Otani|first2=R.|last3=Yonezawa|first3=S.|last4=Takashima|first4=M.|date=2007|title=Reaction Between Carbon Dioxide and Elementary Fluorine|journal=Journal of Fluorine Chemistry|volume=128|issue=1|pages=17–28|doi=10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.09.002|ref={{harvid|Hasegawa et al.|2007}}|hdl=10098/1665|s2cid=95754841 |hdl-access=free}}
*{{cite report|last1=Haxel|first1=G. B.|last2=Hedrick|first2=J. B.|last3=Orris|first3=G. J.|date=2005|title=Rare Earth Elements—Critical Resources for High Technology, Fact Sheet 087-02|editor1-first=P. H.|editor1-last=Stauffer|editor2-first=J. W.|editor2-last=Hendley II|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/fs087-02/|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Haynes|editor-first=William M.|title=Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|url=https://archive.org/details/crchandbookofche0000unse_e9l0|publisher=CRC Press|edition=92|date=2011|location=Boca Raton|isbn=978-1-4398-5511-9}}
*{{cite book|last1=Hoffman|first1=Robert|last2=Nelson|first2=Lewis|last3=Howland|first3=Mary|last4=Lewin|first4=Neal|last5=Flomenbaum|first5=Neal|last6=Goldfrank|first6=Lewis|date=2007|title=Goldfrank's Manual of Toxicologic Emergencies|location=New York|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|isbn=978-0-07-144310-4|ref={{Harvid|Hoffman et al.|2007}}}}
*{{cite book|author=Honeywell|date=2006|title=Recommended medical treatment for hydrofluoric acid exposure|url=http://www.colorado.edu/ehs/pdf/HWMedHFExpo.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|location=Morristown|publisher=Honeywell International|ref={{Harvid|HSM|2006}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008080825/http://www.colorado.edu/ehs/pdf/HWMedHFExpo.pdf|archive-date=8 Oktober 2013|url-status=dead}}
Baris 442:
*{{cite book|last1=Hounshell|first1=David A.|last2=Smith|first2=John Kelly|title=Science and Corporate Strategy: DuPont R & D, 1902–1980|date=1988|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=0-521-32767-9|url=https://archive.org/details/sciencecorporate0008houn}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Hultén | first1 = P. | last2 = Höjer | first2 = J. | last3 = Ludwigs | first3 = U. | last4 = Janson | first4 = A. | title = Hexafluorine vs. Standard Decontamination to Reduce Systemic Toxicity After Dermal Exposure to Hydrofluoric Acid | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-toxicology_2004-06_42_4/page/355 | doi = 10.1081/CLT-120039541 | journal = Clinical Toxicology | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 355–361 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15461243 | s2cid = 27090208 | ref = {{harvid|Hultén et al.|2004}} }}
*{{cite web|author=ICIS|date=2 October 2006|title=Fluorine's Treasure Trove|url=http://www.icis.com/Articles/2006/09/30/2016413/fluorines-treasure-trove.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=Reed Business Information|archive-date=2009-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226100836/http://www.icis.com/Articles/2006/09/30/2016413/fluorines-treasure-trove.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{Ullmann | last1 = Jaccaud | first1 = M. | last2 = Faron | first2 = R. | last3 = Devilliers | first3 = D. | last4 = Romano | first4 = R. | doi = 10.1002/14356007.a11_293 | pages = 381–395| year = 2000 | isbn = 3527306730 | title= Fluorine |ref={{harvid|Jaccaud et al.|2000}}}}
*{{cite news|last=Johnson|first=Linda A.|date=28 Desember 2011|title=Against Odds, Lipitor Became World's Top Seller|newspaper=The Boston Globe|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|url=http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2011/12/28/against_odds_lipitor_became_worlds_top_seller/|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100348/http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2011/12/28/against_odds_lipitor_became_worlds_top_seller/|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1164/rccm.200508-1196OC|pmid=16254269|title=Partial Liquid Ventilation in Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=173 |issue=8|pages=882–9|year=2006|last1=Kacmarek|first1=Robert M.|last2=Wiedemann |first2=Herbert P.|last3=Lavin|first3=Philip T.|last4=Wedel|first4=Mark K.|last5=Tütüncü |first5=Ahmet S.|last6=Slutsky|first6=Arthur S.|ref={{harvid|Kacmarek et al.|2006}} }}
*{{cite book|last1=Katakuse|first1=Itsuo|last2=Ichihara|first2=Toshio|last3=Ito|first3=Hiroyuki |last4=Sakurai|first4=Tohru|last5=Matsuo|first5=Takekiyo|date=1999|chapter=SIMS Experiment|title=Mesoscopic Materials and Clusters: Their Physical and Chemical Properties|editor-first1=T.|editor-last1=Arai|editor-first2=K.|editor-last2=Mihama|editor-first3=K.|editor-last3=Yamamoto|editor-first4=S.|editor-last4=Sugano |pages=259–273|publisher=Kodansha |location=Tokyo|isbn=4-06-208635-2|ref={{harvid|Katakuse et al.|1999}}}}
*{{cite web|last1=Kelly|first1=T. D.|last2=Miller|first2=M. M.|date=2005|title=Historical Fluorspar Statistics|url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140/ds140-fluor.xlsx|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=U.S. Geological Service|archive-date=2013-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522170009/http://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140/ds140-fluor.xlsx|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Keplinger | first1 = M. L. | last2 = Suissa | first2 = L. W. | title = Toxicity of Fluorine Short-Term Inhalation | journal = American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal | volume = 29 | issue = 1 | pages = 10–18 | year = 1968 | pmid = 5667185 | doi = 10.1080/00028896809342975}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Kern | first1 = S. | last2 = Hayward | first2 = J. | last3 = Roberts | first3 = S. | last4 = Richardson | first4 = J. W. | last5 = Rotella | first5 = F. J. | last6 = Soderholm | first6 = L. | last7 = Cort | first7 = B. | last8 = Tinkle | first8 = M. | last9 = West | first9 = M. | last10 = Hoisington | first10 = D. | last11 = Lander | first11 = G. A. | doi = 10.1063/1.467963 | title = Temperature Variation of the Structural Parameters in Actinide Tetrafluorides | journal = The Journal of Chemical Physics | volume = 101 | issue = 11 | pages = 9333–9337 | year = 1994 | bibcode = 1994JChPh.101.9333K | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1232099 | ref = {{harvid|Kern et al.|1994}} | access-date = 2022-08-04 | archive-date = 2021-04-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210414022711/https://zenodo.org/record/1232099 | dead-url = no }}<
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Khriachtchev | first1 = L. | last2 = Pettersson | first2 = M. | last3 = Runeberg | first3 = N. | last4 = Lundell | first4 = J. | last5 = Räsänen | first5 = M. | title = A Stable Argon Compound | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v406/n6798/abs/406874a0.html | journal = Nature | volume = 406 | issue = 6798 | pages = 874–876 | year = 2000 | doi = 10.1038/35022551 | pmid = 10972285 | bibcode = 2000Natur.406..874K | s2cid = 4382128 | ref = {{harvid|Khriachtchev et al.|2000}} | access-date = 2022-08-04 | archive-date = 2016-04-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160413082612/http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v406/n6798/abs/406874a0.html | dead-url = no }}
*{{cite journal|last1=King|first1=D. E.|last2=Malone|first2=R.|last3=Lilley|first3=S. H.|date=2000|title=New Classification and Update on the Quinolone Antibiotics|url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0501/p2741.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|journal=American Family Physician|volume=61|issue=9|pages=2741–2748|pmid=10821154|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806132813/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0501/p2741.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Kirsch|first=Peer|date=2004|title=Modern Fluoroorganic Chemistry: Synthesis, Reactivity, Applications|url=https://archive.org/details/modernfluoroorga0000kirs|location=Weinheim|publisher=Wiley-VCH|isbn=978-3-527-30691-6}}
*{{cite book|last=Kissa|first=Erik|date=2001|title=Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents|edition=2nd|location=New York|publisher=Marcel Dekker|isbn=978-0-8247-0472-8}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Kuriakose | first1 = A. K. | last2 = Margrave | first2 = J. L. | title = Kinetics of the Reactions of Elemental Fluorine. IV. Fluorination of Graphite | journal = Journal of Physical Chemistry | volume = 69 | issue = 8 | pages = 2772–2775 | year = 1965 | doi = 10.1021/j100892a049 }}
Baris 458:
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Lau | first1 = C. | last2 = Anitole | first2 = K. | last3 = Hodes | first3 = C. | last4 = Lai | first4 = D. | last5 = Pfahles-Hutchens | first5 = A. | last6 = Seed | first6 = J. | doi = 10.1093/toxsci/kfm128 | title = Perfluoroalkyl Acids: A Review of Monitoring and Toxicological Findings | journal = Toxicological Sciences | volume = 99 | issue = 2 | pages = 366–394 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17519394| ref={{harvid|Lau et al.|2007}} | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Stephen |display-authors=etal |title=Monofluoroacetate-Containing Plants That Are Potentially Toxic to Livestock |journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry |volume=62 |issue=30 |pages=7345–7354 |publisher=ACS Publications |doi=10.1021/jf500563h |pmid=24724702 |year=2014 |ref={{harvid|Lee et al.|2014}}}}
*{{cite book|last=Lewars|first=Errol G.|title=Modeling Marvels: Computational Anticipation of Novel Molecules|date=2008|publisher=Springer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IoFzgBSSCwEC&pg=PA70|isbn=978-1-4020-6972-7|location=Dordrecht|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2023-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722094704/https://books.google.com/books?id=IoFzgBSSCwEC&pg=PA70|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Lide|first=David R.|title=Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|url=https://archive.org/details/crchandbookofche81lide|url-access=registration|publisher=CRC Press|date=2004|edition=84|isbn=0-8493-0566-7|location=Boca Raton}}
*{{cite book|last1=Lidin|first1=R.|last2=Molochko|first2=V. A.|last3=Andreeva|first3=L. L.|title=Химические свойства неорганических веществ|trans-title=Chemical Properties of Inorganic Substances|date=2000|language=ru|publisher=Khimiya|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7245-1163-0}}
*{{cite book|last1=Liteplo|first1=R.|last2=Gomes|first2=R.|last3=Howe|first3=P.|last4=Malcolm|first4=H.|date=2002|title=Environmental Health Criteria 227 (Fluoride)|location=Geneva|publisher=United Nations Environment Programme; International Labour Organization; World Health Organization|isbn=92-4-157227-2|url=http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc227.htm|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|ref={{Harvid|Liteplo et al.|2002}}|archive-date=2020-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112200529/http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc227.htm|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|last1=Lusty|first1=P. A. J.|last2=Brown|first2=T. J.|last3=Ward|first3=J.|last4=Bloomfield|first4=S.|date=2008|title=The Need for Indigenous Fluorspar Production in England|url=http://www.bgs.ac.uk/downloads/start.cfm?id=1328|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=British Geological Survey|ref={{Harvid|Lusty et al.|2008}}|archive-date=2016-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807022840/http://bgs.ac.uk/downloads/start.cfm?id=1328|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last1=Mackay|first1=Kenneth Malcolm|last2=Mackay|first2=Rosemary Ann|last3=Henderson|first3=W.|title=Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemistry|date=2002|edition=6th|publisher=Nelson Thornes|location=Cheltenham|isbn=0-7487-6420-8}}
*{{cite book|last=Macomber|first=Roger|date=1996|title=Organic chemistry|volume=1|location=Sausalito|publisher=University Science Books|isbn=978-0-935702-90-3}}
*{{cite journal|last=Marggraf|first=Andreas Sigismun|date=1770|volume=XXIV|title=Observation concernant une volatilisation remarquable d'une partie de l'espece de pierre, à laquelle on donne les noms de flosse, flüsse, flus-spaht, et aussi celui d'hesperos; laquelle volatilisation a été effectuée au moyen des acides|trans-title=Observation of a remarkable volatilization of part of a type of stone to which one gives the name flosse, flüsse, flus-spaht, as well as that of hesperos; which volatilization was effected by means of acids|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f28pAXS5SGIC&pg=PA3|journal=Mémoires de l'Académie royale des sciences et belles-lettres|pages=3–11|language=fr}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Martin|editor-first=John W.|date=2007|title=Concise Encyclopedia of the Structure of Materials|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780080451275|location=Oxford and Amsterdam|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-045127-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Marya|first=C. M.|date=2011|title=A Textbook of Public Health Dentistry|location=New Delhi|publisher=Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers|isbn=978-93-5025-216-1}}
*{{cite book|last1=Matsui|first1=M.|date=2006|chapter=Fluorine-containing Dyes|title=Functional dyes|editor-first=Sung-Hoon|editor-last=Kim|pages=257–266|location=Orlando|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-412490-5}}
*{{Ullmann|doi=10.1002/14356007.b05_471|year=2012|pages=609–660|first1=Reinhard|last1=Meusinger|first2=A. Margaret|last2=Chippendale|first3=Shirley A.|last3=Fairhurst|title=Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy}}
*{{cite book|last=Meyer|first=Eugene|date=1977|title=Chemistry of Hazardous Materials|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=978-0-13-129239-0|location=Englewood Cliffs|url=https://archive.org/details/chemistryofhazar00meye}}
*{{cite book|last=Miller|first=M. Michael|year=2003a|chapter=Fluorspar|chapter-url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/fluorspar/fluormyb03.pdf|title=U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|pages=27.1–27.12|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2004-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041101104211/http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/fluorspar/fluormyb03.pdf|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|last=Miller|first=M. Michael|year=2003b|title=Mineral Resource of the Month, Fluorspar|url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/mineralofthemonth/fluorspar.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|archive-date=2017-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217064221/https://minerals.usgs.gov/mineralofthemonth/fluorspar.pdf|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Mitchell|first=E. Siobhan|date=2004|title=Antidepressants|location=New York|publisher=Chelsea House Publishers|isbn=978-1-4381-0192-7|url=https://archive.org/details/antidepressants0000mitc|url-access=registration}}
*{{cite book|last1=Moeller|first1=T.|last2=Bailar|first2=J. C.|last3=Kleinberg|date=1980|title=Chemistry, with Inorganic Qualitative Analysis|url=https://archive.org/details/chemistrywithino0000unse_m9g0|edition=3|publisher=Academic Press|location=New York|isbn=0-12-503350-8}}
*{{cite journal|last=Moissan|first=Henri|author-link=Henri Moissan|date=1886|title=Action d'un courant électrique sur l'acide fluorhydrique anhydre|journal=Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences|volume=102|pages=1543–1544|language=fr|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3058f/f1541.chemindefer|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806185415/https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3058f/f1541.chemindefer|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = McCoy | first1 = M. | title = SURVEY Market Challenges Dim the Confidence of the World's Chemical CEOs | doi = 10.1021/cen-v085n023.p011a | journal = Chemical & Engineering News | volume = 85 | issue = 23 | pages = 11 | year = 2007 }}
*{{cite book|last1=Moore|first1=John W.|last2=Stanitski|first2=Conrad L.|last3=Jurs|first3=Peter C.|date=2010|title=Principles of Chemistry: The Molecular Science|url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofchem0000moor|location=Belmont|publisher=Brooks/Cole|isbn=978-0-495-39079-4}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Morrow | first1 = S. I. | last2 = Perry | first2 = D. D. | last3 = Cohen | first3 = M. S. | doi = 10.1021/ja01532a066 | title = The Formation of Dinitrogen Tetrafluoride in the Reaction of Fluorine and Ammonia | journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume = 81 | issue = 23 | pages = 6338–6339 | year = 1959 }}
*{{cite web|last=Müller|first=Peter|date=2009|title=5.067 Crystal Structure Refinement|location=Cambridge|publisher=MIT OpenCourseWare|url=http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/chemistry/5-067-crystal-structure-refinement-fall-2009/lecture-notes/MIT5_067F09_lec4.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806214055/https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/chemistry/5-067-crystal-structure-refinement-fall-2009/lecture-notes/MIT5_067F09_lec4.pdf|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Murphy | first1 = C. D. | last2 = Schaffrath | first2 = C. | last3 = O'Hagan | first3 = D. | doi = 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00191-7 | title = Fluorinated Natural Products: The Biosynthesis of Fluoroacetate and 4-Fluorothreonine in ''Streptomyces cattleya'' | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_chemosphere_2003-07_52_2/page/455 | journal = Chemosphere | volume = 52 | issue = 2 | pages = 455–461 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12738270 | bibcode = 2003Chmsp..52..455M }}
*{{cite book|last1=Murthy|first1=C. Parameshwara|last2=Mehdi Ali|first2=S. F.|last3=Ashok|first3=D.|date=1995|title=University Chemistry|volume=I|location=New Delhi|publisher=New Age International|isbn=978-81-224-0742-6}}
*{{cite book|author=National Health and Medical Research Council|date=2007|title=A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Fluoridation, Part A: Review of Methodology and Results|url=http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/eh41_1.pdf|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|location=Canberra|publisher=Australian Government|isbn=978-1-86496-421-9|ref={{harvid|NHMRC|2007}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113043215/http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/eh41_1.pdf|archive-date=13 Januari 2012|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|author=The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|date=1994|title=Fluorine|work=Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/7782414.html|access-date=15 January 2014|ref={{harvid|The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|1994a}}|archive-date=2022-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208041906/https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/7782414.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|date=1994|title=Chlorine|work=Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/7782505.html|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|ref={{harvid|The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|1994b}}|archive-date=2023-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205135659/https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/7782505.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=National Nuclear Data Center|title=NuDat 2.1 Database|url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|publisher=Brookhaven National Laboratory|ref={{Harvid|National Nuclear Data Center|NuDat 2.1}}|archive-date=2019-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513230730/https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|title=UN/NA 1045 (United Nations/North America Fluorine Data Sheet)|url=http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/unna/1045|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2014-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225091952/http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/unna/1045|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.06.006|title=Direct fluorination of carbon monoxide in microreactors|journal=Journal of Fluorine Chemistry|volume=142|pages=19–23 |year=2012|last1=Navarrini|first1=Walter |last2=Venturini|first2=Francesco|last3=Tortelli|first3=Vito|last4=Basak|first4=Soubir|last5=Pimparkar|first5=Ketan P.|last6=Adamo|first6=Andrea|last7=Jensen|first7=Klavs F.|ref={{harvid|Navarrini et al.|2012}} }}
*{{cite journal|last=Nelson|first=Eugene W.|date=1947|title='Bad Man' of The Elements|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1t8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA106|journal=Popular Mechanics|volume=88|issue=2|pages=106–108, 260|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2023-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722094704/https://books.google.com/books?id=1t8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA106|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal |last1=Nelson |first1=J. M. |last2=Chiller |first2=T. M. |last3=Powers |first3=J. H. |last4=Angulo |first4=F. J. |title=Food Safety: Fluoroquinolone‐ResistantCampylobacterSpecies and the Withdrawal of Fluoroquinolones from Use in Poultry: A Public Health Success Story |url=https://www.cdc.gov/narms/pdf/JNelson_FluoroquinoloneRCampy_CID.pdf |doi=10.1086/512369 |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=44 |issue=7 |pages=977–980 |year=2007 |pmid=17342653 |ref={{harvid|Nelson et al.|2007}} |doi-access=free |access-date=2022-08-04 |archive-date=2022-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901033409/http://www.cdc.gov/narms/pdf/JNelson_FluoroquinoloneRCampy_CID.pdf |dead-url=no }}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2009.07.072|pmid=19874950|title=Micronutrients in Parenteral Nutrition: Boron, Silicon, and Fluoride|journal=Gastroenterology|volume=137|issue=5|pages=S55–60|year=2009|last1=Nielsen|first1=Forrest H.|url=https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=46628&content=PDF|access-date=4 Agustus 2022|archive-date=2020-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200730141344/https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=46628&content=PDF|dead-url=yes}}
*{{cite book|last1=Norwood|first1=Charles J.|last2=Fohs|first2=F. Julius|date=1907|title=Kentucky Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 9: Fluorspar Deposits of Kentucky|url=https://archive.org/details/bulletin01kentgoog|publisher=Kentucky Geological Survey}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Noury | first1 = S. | last2 = Silvi | first2 = B. | last3 = Gillespie | first3 = R. J. | year = 2002 | title = Chemical Bonding in Hypervalent Molecules: Is the Octet Rule Relevant? | url = http://alpha.chem.umb.edu/chemistry/Seminar/06-09%20WQE/InorgI.Carter.pdf | access-date = 4 Agustus 2022 | journal = Inorganic Chemistry | volume = 41 | issue = 8 | pages = 2164–2172 | doi = 10.1021/ic011003v | pmid = 11952370 | archive-date = 2020-05-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200511085339/http://alpha.chem.umb.edu/chemistry/Seminar/06-09 | dead-url = no }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = O'Hagan | first1 = D. | title = Understanding Organofluorine Chemistry. An Introduction to the C–F Bond | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_chemical-society-great-britain-chemical-society-reviews_2008-02_37_2/page/308 | doi = 10.1039/b711844a | journal = Chemical Society Reviews | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | pages = 308–319 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18197347 }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = O'Hagan | first1 = D. | last2 = Schaffrath | first2 = C. | last3 = Cobb | first3 = S. L. | last4 = Hamilton | first4 = J. T. G. | last5 = Murphy | first5 = C. D. | title = Biochemistry: Biosynthesis of an Organofluorine Molecule | doi = 10.1038/416279a | journal = Nature | volume = 416 | issue = 6878 | pages = 279 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11907567| bibcode = 2002Natur.416..279O | s2cid = 4415511 | ref={{harvid|O'Hagan et al.|2002}} | doi-access = free }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Okada | first1 = T. | last2 = Xie | first2 = G. | last3 = Gorseth | first3 = O. | last4 = Kjelstrup | first4 = S. | last5 = Nakamura | first5 = N. | last6 = Arimura | first6 = T. | doi = 10.1016/S0013-4686(98)00132-7 | title = Ion and Water Transport Characteristics of Nafion Membranes as Electrolytes | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_electrochimica-acta_1998_43_24/page/3741 | journal = Electrochimica Acta | volume = 43 | issue = 24 | pages = 3741–3747 | year = 1998 | ref = {{harvid|Okada et al.|1998}} }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Okazoe | first1 = T. | year = 2009 | title = Overview on the History of Organofluorine Chemistry from the Viewpoint of Material Industry | url = http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/pjab/85/8/85_8_276/_pdf | journal = Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B | volume = 85 | issue = 8 | pages = 276–289 | doi = 10.2183/pjab.85.276 | bibcode = 2009PJAB...85..276O | pmc = 3621566 | pmid = 19838009 | access-date = 2022-08-04 | archive-date = 2020-08-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200806152054/https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/pjab/85/8/85_8_276/_pdf | dead-url = no }}
*{{cite report |last1=Olivares |first1=M. |last2=Uauy |first2=R. |date=2004 |url=https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/en/nutoverview.pdf |access-date=4 Agustus 2022 |title=Essential Nutrients in Drinking Water (Draft) |publisher=World Health Organization (WHO) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019174633/http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/en/nutoverview.pdf |archive-date=19 Oktober 2012 |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite book|last=Parente|first=Luca|date=2001|chapter=The Development of Synthetic Glucocorticoids|title=Glucocorticoids|url=https://archive.org/details/glucocorticoids0000unse|editor-first1=Nicolas J.|editor-last1=Goulding|editor-first2=Rod J.|editor-last2=Flower|pages=[https://archive.org/details/glucocorticoids0000unse/page/35 35]–53|location=Basel|publisher=Birkhäuser|isbn=978-3-7643-6059-7}}
Baris 503:
*{{cite book|last=Pauling|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Pauling|date=1960|title=The Nature of the Chemical Bond|edition=3rd|location=Ithaca|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-0333-0|url=https://archive.org/details/natureofchemical00paul|url-access=registration}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Pauling | first1 = L. | last2 = Keaveny | first2 = I. | last3 = Robinson | first3 = A. B. | doi = 10.1016/0022-4596(70)90074-5 | title = The Crystal Structure of α-Fluorine | journal = Journal of Solid State Chemistry | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | pages = 225–227 | year = 1970 | bibcode = 1970JSSCh...2..225P }}
*{{cite book|last=Perry|first=Dale L.|date=2011|title=Handbook of Inorganic Compounds|url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofinorga0000perr|edition=2nd|location=Boca Raton|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4398-1461-1}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Pitzer | first1 = K. S. | doi = 10.1039/C3975000760B | title = Fluorides of Radon and Element 118 | journal = Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications | issue = 18 | pages = 760b–761 | year = 1975 | url = https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xz4g1ff | access-date = 2022-08-04 | archive-date = 2021-12-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211208211214/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xz4g1ff | dead-url = no }}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Pitzer|editor-first=Kenneth S.|editor-link=Kenneth Pitzer|date=1993|title=Molecular Structure and Statistical Thermodynamics: Selected Papers of Kenneth S. Pitzer|url=https://archive.org/details/molecularstructu0000pitz|location=Singapore|publisher=World Scientific Publishing|isbn=978-981-02-1439-5}}
*{{Cite journal |last1=Pizzo |first1=G. |last2=Piscopo |first2=M. R. |last3=Pizzo |first3=I. |last4=Giuliana |first4=G. |title=Community Water Fluoridation and Caries Prevention: A Critical Review |journal=Clinical Oral Investigations |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=189–193 |year=2007 |pmid=17333303 |s2cid=13189520 |doi=10.1007/s00784-007-0111-6 |url=http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/Pizzo-2007.pdf |ref={{harvid|Pizzo et al.|2007}} |access-date=2022-08-04 |archive-date=2020-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724012732/http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/Pizzo-2007.pdf |dead-url=no }}
*{{cite book|last=Posner|first=Stefan|date=2011|section=Perfluorinated Compounds: Occurrence and Uses in Products|title=Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products|editor-first1=Thomas P.|editor-last1=Knepper|editor-first2=Frank T.|editor-last2=Large|pages=25–40|location=Heidelberg|publisher=Springer Science+Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-21871-2}}
*{{cite book|author=Posner, Stefan|display-authors=etal|date=2013|title=Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances in the Nordic Countries: Use Occurrence and Toxicology|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Nordic Council of Ministers|isbn=978-92-893-2562-2|doi=10.6027/TN2013-542|url=https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/56198991/Per%20and%20polyfluorinated%20substances%20in%20the%20Nordic%20Countries.pdf|ref={{harvid|Posner et al.|2013}}|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2023-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709012912/https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/56198991/Per%20and%20polyfluorinated%20substances%20in%20the%20Nordic%20Countries.pdf|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Preskorn|first=Sheldon H.|date=1996|title=Clinical Pharmacology of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors|location=Caddo|publisher=Professional Communications|isbn=978-1-884735-08-0}}
*{{cite book|last=Principe|first=Lawrence M.|date=2012|title=The Secrets of Alchemy|url=https://archive.org/details/secretsofalchemy0000prin|location=Chicago|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-68295-2}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Proudfoot | first1 = A. T. | last2 = Bradberry | first2 = S. M. | last3 = Vale | first3 = J. A. | doi = 10.2165/00139709-200625040-00002 | title = Sodium Fluoroacetate Poisoning | journal = Toxicological Reviews | volume = 25 | issue = 4 | pages = 213–219 | year = 2006 | pmid = 17288493| s2cid = 29189551 }}
*{{cite web|author=PRWeb|date=28 October 2010|title=Global Fluorochemicals Market to Exceed 2.6 Million Tons by 2015, According to a New Report by Global Industry Analysts, Inc.|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/fluorochemicals/organic_inorganic/prweb4708534.htm|access-date=24 October 2013|publisher=prweb.com|archive-date=2020-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731224109/http://www.prweb.com/releases/fluorochemicals/organic_inorganic/prweb4708534.htm|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=PRWeb|date=23 February 2012|title=Global Fluorspar Market to Reach 5.94 Million Metric Tons by 2017, According to New Report by Global Industry Analysts, Inc.|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/fluorspar_fluorite/fluorocarbons/prweb9221596.htm|access-date=24 October 2013|publisher=prweb.com|archive-date=2020-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731183955/http://www.prweb.com/releases/fluorspar_fluorite/fluorocarbons/prweb9221596.htm|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=PRWeb|date=7 April 2013|title=Fluoropolymers Market is Poised to Grow at a CAGR of 6.5% & to Reach $9,446.0 Million by 2016 – New report by MarketsandMarkets|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/fluoropolymers/market/prweb10608563.htm|access-date=24 October 2013|publisher=prweb.com|archive-date=2020-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731224150/http://www.prweb.com/releases/fluoropolymers/market/prweb10608563.htm|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/chem.200901472|title=Molecular Double-Bond Covalent Radii for Elements Li–E112|journal=Chemistry: A European Journal|volume=15|issue=46|pages=12770–9|year=2009|last1=Pyykkö|first1=Pekka |last2=Atsumi |first2=Michiko |pmid=19856342}}
*{{cite book|last=Raghavan|first=P. S.|date=1998|title=Concepts and Problems in Inorganic Chemistry|location=Delhi|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7141-418-5}}
*{{cite book|last1=Raj|first1=P. Prithvi|last2=Erdine|first2=Serdar|date=2012|title=Pain-Relieving Procedures: The Illustrated Guide|location=Chichester|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-67038-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Ramkumar|first=Jayshree|date=2012|chapter=Nafion Perfluorosulphonate Membrane: Unique Properties and Various Applications|title=Functional Materials: Preparation, Processing and Applications|editor-first1=S. |editor-last1=Banerjee|editor-first2=A. K.|editor-last2=Tyagi|pages=549–578|location=London and Waltham|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-12-385142-0}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Reddy | first1 = D. | title = Neurology of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis | doi = 10.4103/0028-3886.48793 | journal = Neurology India | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 7–12 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19305069 | url = http://www.bioline.org.br/abstract?id=ni09004 | access-date = 2022-08-04 | archive-date = 2021-11-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211105083804/http://www.bioline.org.br/abstract?id=ni09004 | dead-url = no }}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08215.x|title=On the origin of fluorine in the Milky Way|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=354|issue=2|pages=575–580 |year=2004 |last1=Renda |first1=Agostino |last2=Fenner|first2=Yeshe|last3=Gibson|first3=Brad K.|last4=Karakas|first4=Amanda I.|last5=Lattanzio|first5=John C.|last6=Campbell|first6=Simon|last7=Chieffi|first7=Alessandro|last8=Cunha|first8=Katia|last9=Smith |first9=Verne V.|bibcode=2004MNRAS.354..575R|arxiv=astro-ph/0410580|s2cid=12330666|ref={{harvid|Renda et al.|2004}} }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Renner | first1 = R. | doi = 10.1021/es062612a | title = The Long and the Short of Perfluorinated Replacements | journal = Environmental Science & Technology | volume = 40 | issue = 1 | pages = 12–13 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16433328| bibcode = 2006EnST...40...12R | doi-access = free }}
Baris 527:
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Ripa | first1 = L. W. | title = A Half-century of Community Water Fluoridation in the United States: Review and Commentary | url = http://aaphd.org/docs/position%20papers/A%20Half-Century%20of%20Community%20Water1993.pdf | doi = 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02666.x | journal = Journal of Public Health Dentistry | volume = 53 | issue = 1 | pages = 17–44 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8474047 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090304021822/http://aaphd.org/docs/position%20papers/A%20Half-Century%20of%20Community%20Water1993.pdf | archive-date = 4 March 2009 }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Roblin | first1 = I. | last2 = Urban | first2 = M. | last3 = Flicoteau | first3 = D. | last4 = Martin | first4 = C. | last5 = Pradeau | first5 = D. | title = Topical Treatment of Experimental Hydrofluoric Acid Skin Burns by 2.5% Calcium Gluconate | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-burn-care-research_2006-12_27_6/page/889 | doi = 10.1097/01.BCR.0000245767.54278.09 | journal = Journal of Burn Care & Research | volume = 27 | issue = 6 | pages = 889–894 | year = 2006 | pmid = 17091088 | s2cid = 3691306 | ref = {{harvid|Roblin et al.|2006}} }}
*{{cite book|last=Salager|first=Jean-Louis|date=2002|title=Surfactants: Types and Uses|url=http://nanoparticles.org/pdf/Salager-E300A.pdf|access-date=13 October 2013|series=FIRP Booklet # 300-A|publisher=Laboratory of Formulation, Interfaces, Rheology, and Processes, Universidad de los Andes|archive-date=2020-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731194249/http://nanoparticles.org/pdf/Salager-E300A.pdf|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite journal|last=Sandford|first=Graham|date=2000|title=Organofluorine Chemistry|journal=Philosophical Transactions|volume=358|issue=1766|pages=455–471|doi=10.1098/rsta.2000.0541|bibcode=2000RSPTA.358..455S|s2cid=202574641}}
*{{Cite journal |last1=Sarkar |first1=S. |title=Artificial Blood |doi=10.4103/0972-5229.43685 |journal=Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=140–144 |year=2008 |pmid=19742251| pmc=2738310}}
Baris 534:
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Schlöder | first1 = T. | last2 = Riedel | first2 = S. | doi = 10.1039/C1RA00804H | title = Investigation of Heterodimeric and Homodimeric Radical Cations of the Series: [F<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [F<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [Cl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, [F<sub>4</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, and [Cl<sub>4</sub>]<sup>+</sup> | journal = [[RSC Advances]]| publisher = [[Royal Society of Chemistry]]| volume = 2 | issue = 3 | pages = 876–881 | year = 2012 | bibcode = 2012RSCAd...2..876S }}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/anie.201203515|title=Occurrence of Difluorine F2 in Nature-In Situ Proof and Quantification by NMR Spectroscopy|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|volume=51|issue=31|pages=7847–7849 |year=2012 |last1=Schmedt Auf Der Günne|first1=Jörn|last2=Mangstl|first2=Martin|last3=Kraus|first3=Florian|pmid=22763992|issn=1521-3773 |ref={{harvid|Schmedt|Mangstl|Kraus|2012}}}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Schmitz | first1 = A. | last2 = Kälicke | first2 = T. | last3 = Willkomm | first3 = P. | last4 = Grünwald | first4 = F. | last5 = Kandyba | first5 = J. | last6 = Schmitt | first6 = O. | year = 2000 | title = Use of Fluorine-18 Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography in Assessing the Process of Tuberculous Spondylitis | url = http://www.ecios.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/0157CIOS/cios-2-167.pdf | access-date = 8 October 2013 | journal = Journal of Spinal Disorders | volume = 13 | issue = 6 | pages = 541–544 | doi = 10.1097/00002517-200012000-00016 | pmid = 11132989 | ref = {{harvid|Schmitz et al.|2000}} | archive-date = 2020-05-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200508081944/https://www.ecios.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/0157CIOS/cios-2-167.pdf | dead-url = no }}
*{{cite book|last1=Schulze-Makuch|first1=D.|last2=Irwin|first2=L. N.|date=2008|title=Life in the Universe: Expectations and Constraints|edition=2nd|location=Berlin|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-540-76816-6}}
*{{cite book|title=The Fly in the Ointment: 70 Fascinating Commentaries on the Science of Everyday Life|url=https://archive.org/details/flyinointment70f0000schw|url-access=registration|date=2004|first=Joseph A.|last=Schwarcz|publisher=ECW Press|location=Toronto|isbn=1-55022-621-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Senning|first=A.|date=2007|title=Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemoetymology: The Whies and Whences of Chemical Nomenclature and Terminology|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0444522395|location=Amsterdam and Oxford|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-444-52239-9}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Shaffer | first1 = T. H. | last2 = Wolfson | first2 = M. R. | last3 = Clark Jr | first3 = L. C. | doi = 10.1002/ppul.1950140208 | title = Liquid Ventilation | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_pediatric-pulmonology_1992-10_14_2/page/102 | journal = Pediatric Pulmonology | volume = 14 | issue = 2 | pages = 102–109 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1437347 | s2cid = 222167378 }}
*{{cite web|last1=Shin|first1=Richard D.|last2=Silverberg|first2=Mark A.|date=2013|title=Fluoride Toxicity|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/814774-overview|access-date=15 October 2013|publisher=Medscape|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806133632/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/814774-overview|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last1=Shriver|first1=Duward|last2=Atkins|first2=Peter|author2-link=Peter Atkins|date=2010|title=Solutions Manual for Inorganic Chemistry|location=New York|publisher=W. H. Freeman|isbn=978-1-4292-5255-3}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Shulman | first1 = J. D. | last2 = Wells | first2 = L. M. | year = 1997 | title = Acute Fluoride Toxicity from Ingesting Home-use Dental Products in Children, Birth to 6 Years of Age | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-public-health-dentistry_summer-1997_57_3/page/150 | journal = Journal of Public Health Dentistry | volume = 57 | issue = 3 | pages = 150–158 | doi = 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1997.tb02966.x | pmid = 9383753 }}
Baris 545:
*{{cite book|doi=10.1002/14356007.a11_113.pub2|editor-last=Ullmann|editor-first=Franz|title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|date=2012|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location=Weinheim|volume=15|pages=1–11|first=Orville M. |last=Slye|chapter=Fire Extinguishing Agents|isbn=978-3527306732}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Steenland | first1 = K. | last2 = Fletcher | first2 = T. | last3 = Savitz | first3 = D. A. | year = 2010 | title = Epidemiologic Evidence on the Health Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) | journal = Environmental Health Perspectives | volume = 118 | issue = 8 | pages = 1100–1108 | doi = 10.1289/ehp.0901827 | pmid = 20423814 | pmc = 2920088 }}
*{{cite journal|last=Stillman|first=John Maxson|date=December 1912|title=Basil Valentine, A Seventeenth Century Hoax|volume=81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7SQDAAAAMBAJ&q=%22Basil+Valentine%22,+hoax&pg=PA591|access-date=14 October 2013|journal=Popular Science Monthly|archive-date=2023-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722094704/https://books.google.com/books?id=7SQDAAAAMBAJ&q=%22Basil+Valentine%22,+hoax&pg=PA591|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Storer|first=Frank H.|date=1864|title=First Outlines of a Dictionary of Solubilities of Chemical Substances|url=https://archive.org/details/b21901053|location=Cambridge|publisher=Sever and Francis}}
*{{cite journal|last=Swinson|first=Joel|date=June 2005|title=Fluorine – A Vital Element in the Medicine Chest|url=http://www.halocarbon.com/halocarbon_media/swinson_109.pdf|journal=PharmaChem|publisher=Pharmaceutical Chemistry|pages=26–27|access-date=9 October 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208080640/http://www.halocarbon.com/halocarbon_media/swinson_109.pdf|archive-date=8 February 2012}}
*{{cite web|last=Taber|first=Andrew|date=22 April 1999|title=Dying to ride|url=http://www.salon.com/1999/04/21/cycling/|access-date=18 October 2013|work=Salon|archive-date=2018-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106212601/https://www.salon.com/1999/04/21/cycling/|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite web|author=Tanner Industries|date=January 2011|title=Anhydrous Ammonia: (MSDS) Material Safety Data Sheet|url=http://www.tannerind.com/anhydrous-msds.html|access-date=24 October 2013|publisher=tannerind.com|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806172633/https://www.tannerind.com/anhydrous-msds.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last=Theodoridis|first=George|date=2006|chapter=Fluorine-Containing Agrochemicals: An Overview of Recent Developments|title=Fluorine and the Environment: Agrochemicals, Archaeology, Green Chemistry & Water|url=https://archive.org/details/fluorineenvironm00tres_647|editor-first=Alain|editor-last=Tressaud|pages=[https://archive.org/details/fluorineenvironm00tres_647/page/n139 121]–176|location=Amsterdam and Oxford|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-444-52672-4}}
*{{cite magazine |last=Toon |first=Richard |date=1 September 2011 |volume=48 |issue=5 |title=The discovery of fluorine |url=https://eic.rsc.org/feature/the-discovery-of-fluorine/2020249.article |magazine=[[Education in Chemistry]] |publisher=[[Royal Society of Chemistry]] |pages=148–151 |issn=0013-1350 }}
Baris 557:
*{{cite web |author=United States Environmental Protection Agency |date=2012 |title=Emerging Contaminants – Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) |url=http://www.epa.gov/fedfac/pdf/emerging_contaminants_pfos_pfoa.pdf |access-date=4 November 2013 |ref={{Harvid|EPA|2012}} |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029202537/http://www.epa.gov/fedfac/pdf/emerging_contaminants_pfos_pfoa.pdf |archive-date=29 October 2013 }}
*{{cite web |author=United States Environmental Protection Agency |year=2013a |title=Class I Ozone-depleting Substances |url=http://www.epa.gov/ozone/science/ods/classone.html |access-date=15 October 2013 |ref={{Harvid|EPA|2013a}} |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210101528/http://www.epa.gov/ozone/science/ods/classone.html |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}
*{{cite web|author=United States Environmental Protection Agency|year=2013b|title=Phaseout of HCFCs (Class II Ozone-Depleting Substances)|url=http://www.epa.gov/ozone/title6/phaseout/classtwo.html|access-date=15 October 2013|ref={{Harvid|EPA|2013b}}|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924132110/http://www.epa.gov/ozone/title6/phaseout/classtwo.html|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|last1=Viel|first1=Claude|last2=Goldwhite|first2=Harold|chapter=1906 Nobel Laureate: Henri Moissan, 1852–1907|title=Nobel Laureates in Chemistry, 1901–1992|editor-last=Laylin|editor-first=K. James|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780841226906/page/35 35–41]|publisher=American Chemical Society; Chemical Heritage Foundation|location=Washington|isbn=978-0-8412-2690-6|date=1993|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780841226906/page/35}}
*{{cite journal|last=Vigoureux|first=P.|date=1961|title=The Gyromagnetic Ratio of the Proton|journal=Contemporary Physics|volume=2|issue=5|pages=360–366|doi=10.1080/00107516108205282|bibcode=1961ConPh...2..360V|s2cid=5092147 }}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1162/jiec.2007.1075|title=Accounting for Fluorine: Production, Use, and Loss|journal=Journal of Industrial Ecology|volume=11|pages=85–101|year=2008|last1=Villalba|first1=Gara|last2=Ayres|first2=Robert U. |last3=Schroder|first3=Hans|s2cid=153740615}}
*{{cite book|last=Walsh|first=Kenneth A.|date=2009|title=Beryllium Chemistry and Processing|location=Materials Park|publisher=ASM International|isbn=978-0-87170-721-5}}
*{{cite journal|last=Walter|first=P.|title=Honeywell Invests $300m in Green Refrigerant|journal=Chemistry World|date=2013|url=http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2013/12/honeywell-air-conditioning-green-refrigerant|access-date=2022-08-04|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065114/http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2013/12/honeywell-air-conditioning-green-refrigerant|dead-url=no}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Weeks | first1 = M. E. | title = The Discovery of the Elements. XVII. The Halogen Family | doi = 10.1021/ed009p1915 | journal = Journal of Chemical Education | volume = 9 | issue = 11 | pages = 1915–1939 | year = 1932 | bibcode = 1932JChEd...9.1915W }}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Werner | first1 = N. L. | last2 = Hecker | first2 = M. T. | last3 = Sethi | first3 = A. K. | last4 = Donskey | first4 = C. J. | title = Unnecessary use of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics in Hospitalized Patients | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-11-187 | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 11 | pages = 187–193 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21729289| pmc =3145580 | ref={{harvid|Werner et al.|2011}} }}
*{{cite book|last1=Wiberg|first1=Egon|last2=Wiberg|first2=Nils|last3=Holleman|first3=Arnold Frederick|title=Inorganic Chemistry|date=2001|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-352651-9|location=San Diego}}
*{{cite book|last=Willey|first=Ronald R.|date=2007|title=Practical Equipment, Materials, and Processes for Optical Thin Films|location=Charlevoix|publisher=Willey Optical|isbn=978-0-615-14397-2}}
*{{cite book|last1=Yaws|first1=Carl L.|last2=Braker|first2=William|title=Matheson Gas Data Book|url=https://archive.org/details/mathesongasdatab0000yaws|chapter=Fluorine|publisher=Matheson Tri-Gas|location=Parsippany|date=2001|isbn=978-0-07-135854-5|edition=7th}}
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Yeung | first1 = C. A. | year = 2008 | title = A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Fluoridation | journal = Evidence-Based Dentistry | volume = 9 | issue = 2 | pages = 39–43 | doi = 10.1038/sj.ebd.6400578 | pmid = 18584000 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite report|last=Young|first=David A.|publisher=Lawrence Livermore Laboratory|title=Phase Diagrams of the Elements|date=1975|url=http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/4010212-0BbwUC/4010212.pdfaccess|access-date=10 June 2011}}
| |||