Greenland: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{otheruses}}
{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Greenland
|common_name = Greenland
|native_name = ''Kalaallit Nunaat'' {{small|([[Bahasa Greenland|Greenland]])}}<br />''Grønland'' {{small|([[Bahasa Denmark|Denmark]])}}
|image_flag = Flag of Greenland.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms Greenland.svg
|national_motto =
|national_anthem = <br />''[[Nunarput utoqqarsuanngoravit]]''<br />ᓄᓇᕐᐳᑦ ᐅᑦoᖅᖃᕐᓱᐊᖖoᕋᕕᑦ<br />''{{small|Engkaulah Tanah Kuno Kami}}''<div style="padding-top:0.5em;"></div>
----
<!-- Self government and national anthem -->''[[Nuna asiilasooq]]''<br />ᓄᓇ ᐊᓰᓚᔅooᖅ''{{ref label|eee|e}}<br />{{small|Tanah yang Sangat Panjang}}''</small>
|image_map = Greenland (orthographic projection).svg
|map_width = 255px
|map_caption = Lokasi '''Greenland'''
|image_map2 = Kingdom of Denmark (orthographic projection).svg
|map2_width = 255px
|map_caption2 = Lokasi [[Denmark|Kerajaan Denmark]] terdiri atas '''Greenland''', [[Kepulauan Faroe]] (dilingkari) dan [[Denmark]]
|capital = [[Nuuk]]<br/>ᓅᒃ
|coordinates = {{Coord|64|10|N|51|44|W|type:city}}
|largest_city = capital
|official_languages = [[Bahasa Greenland|Greenland]]{{ref label|aaa|a}}
|languages_type = Bahasa lainnya
|languages = [[Bahasa Denmark|Denmark]], [[Bahasa Faroe|Faroe]], [[Bahasa Islandia|Islandia]], [[Bahasa Norwegia|Norwegia]] dan [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]]{{ref label|aaa|a}}
|ethnic_groups = *89,5% [[Inuit Greenland|Inuit]] {{small|(termasuk multi-etnis [[Kelompok etnis di Eropa|Eropa]]-[[Inuit]], terutama [[Danes|Denmark]] dan [[Orang-orang Jermanik utara|Nordik]])}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 1997 |title=Bekendtgørelse af ILO-convention nr. 169 af 28. juni 1989 vedrørende oprindelige folk and stammefolk i selfstændige stater |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/ltc/1997/97 |language=da |website=Retsinformation.dk |access-date=2023-06-20 |archive-date=2020-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008125927/https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/ltc/1997/97 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
*7,5% [[Orang Denmark di Greenland|Denmark]]
*1,1% lainnya [[Orang Jermanik Utara|Nordik]]
*1,9% [[Demografi Greenland#Kelompok etnis|Lainnya]]
| ethnic_groups_year = 2020
|membership = {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Kerajaan Denmark]]
|membership_type = Negara berdaulat
|government_type = [[Wilayah Denmark|Pemerintah yang didelegasikan]] dalam [[sistem parlementer|parlementer]] [[monarki konstitusional]]
|leader_title1 = [[Monarki Greenland|Monarki]]
|leader_name1 = [[Frederik X dari Denmark]]
|leader_title2 = [[Komisaris Besar Greenland|Komisaris Besar]]
|leader_name2 = [[Mikaela Engell]]
|leader_title3 = [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Greenland|Premier]]
|leader_name3 = [[Kim Kielsen]]
|leader_title4 = [[Parlemen Greenland|Ketua ''Inatsisartut'']]
|leader_name4 = [[Hans Enoksen]]
|legislature = {{nowrap|[[Parlemen Greenland|''Inatsisartut'']]<br/>ᐃᓇᑦᓯᓴᕐᑐᑦ}}
|sovereignty_type = Daerah Otonom {{nobold|dalam [[Denmark|Kerajaan Denmark]]}}
|established_event1 = {{nowrap|[[Paleo-Eskimo|Pemukiman Paleo-Eskimo]]}}
|established_date1 = Abad ke-26 SM
|established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[budaya Saqqaq|Ekspansi Saqqaq]]}}
|established_date2 = Abad ke-24 SM
|established_event3 = {{nowrap|[[Budaya dorset|Pemukiman Dorset]]}}
|established_date3 = Abad ke-8 SM
|established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Pemukiman Norse di Greenland|Kolonisasi Norse]]}}
|established_date4 = Abad ke-10
|established_event5 = {{nowrap|[[Inuit|Kedatangan suku Inuit]]}}
|established_date5 = abad ke-13
|established_event6 = {{nowrap|[[Kerajaan Norwegia (872–1397)|Penyatuan dengan Norwegia]]{{ref label|bbb|b}}}}
|established_date6 = 1262
|established_event7 = [[Kekaisaran Dano-Norwegia|Koloni Dano-Norwegia didirikan]]
|established_date7 = 1721
|established_event8 = [[Perjanjian Kiel|Diserahkan ke Denmark]]{{ref label|ccc|c}}
|established_date8 = 14 Januari 1814
|established_event9 = Status [[Amt (pembagian administrasi)|Amt]]
|established_date9 = 5 Juni 1953
|established_event10 = Pemerintahan mandiri
|established_date10 = 1 Mei 1979
|established_event11 = Otonomi lebih lanjut dan pemerintahan sendiri
|established_date11 = 21 Juni 2009<ref name=selvstyre /><ref name=selfrule>{{cite news
|title = Self-rule introduced in Greenland
|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8111292.stm
|publisher = BBC News
|date = 21 June 2009
|accessdate = 4 May 2010
|archive-date = 2019-10-29
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191029175424/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8111292.stm
|dead-url = no
}}</ref>
|area_km2 = 2166086<!-- (410,449 ice-free) -->
|area_rank = <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]];should not be any here -->
|area_sq_mi = 836.109 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = 83,1{{ref label|ddd|d}}
| population_estimate = {{increaseNeutral}}56.466<ref>{{Cite web|title=Population of Greenland|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/greenland-population|work=Greenlandic Population as of 2022|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-08-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804114047/https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/greenland-population|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| population_census =
| population_estimate_year = 2022
| population_estimate_rank = 210
| population_census_year =
| population_density_km2 = 0,028 <!-- (0.16 on ice-free areas) -->
| population_density_sq_mi = 0,069 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank =
| GDP_PPP = $1,8 miliar<ref name="Greenland in Figures 2013">{{Cite book |url=http://www.stat.gl/publ/en/GF/2013/pdf/Greenland%20in%20Figures%202013.pdf |title=Greenland in Figures 2013 |work=Greenland in Figures |publisher=[[Statistics Greenland]] |isbn=978-87-986787-7-9 |issn=1602-5709 |access-date=2 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054558/http://www.stat.gl/publ/en/GF/2013/pdf/Greenland%20in%20Figures%202013.pdf |archive-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2011
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37.000
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_nominal = $3,0 miliar<ref>{{Cite web|title=Greenland {{!}} Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/country/GL|access-date=9 August 2021|website=data.worldbank.org|archive-date=2023-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531211931/https://data.worldbank.org/country/GL|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2019
| GDP_nominal_rank =
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $53.000<ref>{{cite web | url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=GL | title=GDP per capita (Current US$) - Greenland | Data | access-date=2023-06-20 | archive-date=2023-03-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327131743/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=GL | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| Gini = 33.9 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year = 2015
| Gini_change = steady<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient |publisher=CIA World Factbook |access-date=16 July 2021 |archive-date=2021-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| HDI = 0.786 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year = 2010 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref>{{Cite book |last=Avakov |first=Aleksandr Vladimirovich |url={{GBurl|id=p--IYwyuog0C}} |title=Quality of Life, Balance of Powers, and Nuclear Weapons (2012): A Statistical Yearbook for Statesmen and Citizens |date=2012 |publisher=Algora Publishing |isbn=978-0-87586-892-9 |page=51}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 61
|currency = [[Krona Denmark]]
|currency_code = DKK
|utc_offset = +0 hingga UTC-4
|utc_offset_DST =
|time_zone_DST =
|date_format = dd-mm-yyyy
|drives_on = kanan
|calling_code = [[+299]]
|cctld = [[.gl]]
|footnote_a = {{note|aaa}} bahasa Greenland telah menjadi satu-satunya bahasa resmi Greenland sejak 2009.<big><ref name=selvstyre>{{da icon}} [http://nyhederne-dyn.tv2.dk/article.php/id-23165644:gr%C3%B8nland-g%C3%A5r-over-til-selvstyre.html?rss TV 2 Nyhederne – "Grønland går over til selvstyre"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230809031528/https://nyheder.tv2.dk/2009-06-21-groenland-gaar-over-til-selvstyre |date=2023-08-09 }} TV 2 Nyhederne (''[[TV 2 (Denmark)|TV 2]] News'') – Ved overgangen til selvstyre, er grønlandsk nu det officielle sprog. Retrieved 22 January 2012.</ref><ref name="law">{{da icon}} [http://www.stm.dk/multimedia/selvstyreloven.pdf Law of Greenlandic Selfrule] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208032617/http://www.stm.dk/multimedia/selvstyreloven.pdf |date=2012-02-08 }} (see chapter 7)</ref></big>
|footnote_b = {{note|bbb}} Pengaruh Denmark mencapai Greenland pada tahun 1380 dengan pemerintahan [[Olaf II dari Denmark|Olav IV]] di Norwegia, putra [[Haakon VI dari Norwegia]] dan [[Margaret I dari Denmark]].
|footnote_c = {{note|ccc}} Meskipun sebelumnya di bawah monarki Denmark selama empat ratus tahun, Greenland, [[Kepulauan Faroe]], dan [[Islandia]] secara resmi adalah milik Norwegia sampai 1814.
|footnote_d = {{note|ddd}}Mulai tahun 2000:<br />{{convert|410449|km2|abbr=on|0}} merupakan kawasan bebas es dan <br />{{convert|1755637|km2|abbr=on|0}} merupakan kawasan tertutup es.<br />Kepadatan: 0.14/km<sup>2</sup> (0.36 /sq. mi) untuk kawasan bebas es.
|footnote_e = {{note|eee}}''Nuna asiilasooq'' memiliki status yang sama dengan [[lagu kebangsaan]] tetapi umumnya hanya digunakan pada [[pemerintahan sendiri]] di Greenland.<ref>{{cite web|title=Not one but two national anthems|url=http://www.inatsisartut.gl/groenlands_landsting/landstingssamlinger/em_2003/dgopkt_behdato/spoergsmaal/50.html|publisher=[[Inatsisartut|Government of Greenland]]|accessdate=7 October 2003|archive-date=2014-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213120446/http://www.inatsisartut.gl/groenlands_landsting/landstingssamlinger/em_2003/dgopkt_behdato/spoergsmaal/50.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
|religion = [[Gereja Denmark]]
}}
'''Greenland'''{{Refn|Terkadang juga disebut '''Grinlandia'''<ref>[https://www.jw.org/id/saksi-saksi-yehuwa/seluruh-dunia/GL/ Saksi Yehuwa di Grinlandia]</ref><ref>[https://time.is/id/Greenland Waktu di Grinlandia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226100110/https://time.is/id/Greenland |date=2021-12-26 }} di situs time.is</ref>|group=catatan}} atau '''Grinlandia'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lema "Grinlandia" - Tesaurus Tematis Bahasa Indonesia|url=https://tesaurus.kemdikbud.go.id/tematis/lema/grinlandia|website=tesaurus.kemdikbud.go.id|access-date=2024-03-12}}</ref> ({{lang-kl|Kalaallit Nunaat}}, {{IPA-kl|kalaːɬit nunaːt|pron}}; {{lang-da|Grønland}}, {{IPA-da|ˈkʁɶnˌlænˀ|pron}}, {{lit}} ''Tanah Hijau'') adalah [[negara konstituen]] [[Kerajaan Denmark]]<ref name="Suksi2011">{{cite book|author=Markku Suksi|title=Sub-State Governance through Territorial Autonomy: A Comparative Study in Constitutional Law of Powers, Procedures and Institutions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d7UUkiwi_9cC&pg=PA576|date=2011|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-20048-9|page=576|access-date=2019-08-16|archive-date=2023-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202123657/https://books.google.com/books?id=d7UUkiwi_9cC&pg=PA576|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="gfbv">{{cite web
|url = http://www.gfbv.it/3dossier/eu-min/autonomy.html#r2
|accessdate = 3 June 2019
Baris 70 ⟶ 187:
== Sejarah ==
* Abad ke-8 [[Masehi]], orang-orang [[Inuit]] mulai mendiami
* [[981]], Erik si Merah mendarat di
* [[987]], para imigran asal [[Skandinavia]] mulai menetap. {{br}}
* [[1000]], [[Leif Erikson]] menyebarkan [[agama]] [[Kristen]].{{br}}
Baris 79 ⟶ 196:
* [[1721]], kolonisasi ulang oleh [[Denmark|Kerajaan Denmark]].{{br}}
* [[1951]], pakta pertahanan bersama antara [[Denmark]]–[[Amerika Serikat]] tentang Tanah Hijau.{{br}}
* [[1953]],
* [[1979]],
* [[1982]], dengan berbekal [[referendum]],
* [[1985]],
* [[2002]], partai pro-kemerdekaan, [[Siumut]], meraih suara terbanyak dalam pemilu parlemen.{{br}}
* [[2005]], Partai [[Inuit Brotherhood]] menyatakan keinginan mereka untuk mengadakan [[referendum]] guna menentukan masa depan (kemerdekaan)
== Ekonomi ==
Baris 99 ⟶ 216:
== Catatan ==
<!--- Untuk beberapa hal, templat ini tidak bekerja: {{Notelist}} --->
{{reflist|group=catatan}}
== Referensi ==
Baris 109 ⟶ 227:
* [http://denmark.dk/en/society/greenland-the-faroes-and-the-german-minority/greenland Greenland] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906153025/http://denmark.dk/en/society/greenland-the-faroes-and-the-german-minority/greenland |date=2018-09-06 }} di ''Denmark.dk''.
* {{CIA World Factbook link|gl|Greenland}}
* [http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/245261/Greenland Greenland] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329034916/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/245261/Greenland |date=2014-03-29 }} di ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''.
* {{dmoz|Regional/North_America/Greenland}}
* [http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut Stisu web resmi pemerintah Greenland] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302180245/http://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut |date=2016-03-02 }}
* [http://www.greenland.com/ Visit Greenland] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224094006/http://greenland.com/ |date=2011-02-24 }} – Dewan Pariwisata Greenland
{{coord|72|00|N|40|00|W|scale:20000000|display=title}}
Baris 138 ⟶ 256:
[[Kategori:Negara Nordik]]
[[Kategori:Wilayah di Arktik]]
[[Kategori:Wilayah
[[Kategori:Wilayah istimewa Uni Eropa]]
[[Kategori:Negara pulau]]
Baris 144 ⟶ 262:
[[Kategori:Negara dan wilayah yang didirikan tahun 1979]]
[[Kategori:Dependensi Denmark]]
[[Kategori:Negara dan wilayah
[[Kategori:Bekas koloni Norwegia]]
[[Kategori:Kerajaan Norwegia (872–1397)]]
[[Kategori:Negara Kristen]]
[[Kategori:Alam Denmark]]
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