Bahasa Newar: Perbedaan antara revisi
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k bot Menambah: la Membuang: bn, ne Mengubah: as, pl |
RaFaDa20631 (bicara | kontrib) k Moving from Category:Bahasa Sino-Tibet to Category:Rumpun bahasa Sino-Tibet using Cat-a-lot |
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(45 revisi perantara oleh 26 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{bedakan|Bahasa Nepali}}
{{bahasa
| name = Newar
| altname = Nepal Bhasa
| nativename = नेपाल भाषा
| states = [[Nepal]], [[India]], [[Bhutan]], [[Tiongkok]]
| region = [[Asia Selatan]]
| ethnicity = [[Suku Newar]]
| speakers = 861,000 jiwa
| date = 2011
| ref = <ref name=e15>{{e15|new|Newar}}</ref>
| familycolor = Sino-Tibet
| fam2 = [[Rumpun bahasa Newarik|Newarik]]
| ancestor = [[Bahasa Newar Klasik|Newar Klasik]]
| dia1 = [[Bahasa Newar Dolakha|Dolakha]]
| dia2 = Sindhupalchok
| dia3 = Kathmandu
| dia4 = Lalitpur
| dia5 = Bhaktapur
| dia6 = Panauti
| dia7 = Banepa
| dia8 = Hetauda
| dia9 = Dhulikhel
| dia10 = Chitlang
| script = [[Aksara Dewanagari]]
| agency = [[Akademi Nepal Bhasa]]
| iso2 = new
| iso2comment = Nepal Bhasa, Newari
| lc1 = new
| ld1 = Newari
| lc2 = nwx
| ld2 = Newar Pertengahan
| lc3 = phj
| ld3 = [[Bahasa Pahari (Sino-Tibet)|Newar Pahari]]
| linglist = new
| lingname = Newari
| linglist2 = nwx
| lingname2 = Newar Pertengahan
| glotto = newa1247
| glottorefname = subrumpun: Newar
| notice = IPA
| revived-category =
| map =
| extinct =
| pronunciation = {{IPA-all|newaː bʱæː|}}
}}
'''Bahasa Newar''' (नेपाल भाषा, secara endonim disebut '''Nepal Bhasa''' atau '''Newah Bhaye''')<ref name="carol">{{cite book |first=Carol |last=Genetti |author-link=Carol Genetti |title=A Grammar of Dolakha Newar |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |year=2007 |isbn=978-3-11-019303-9 |page=10 |quote=some people in the Newar community, including some prominent Newar linguists, consider the derivational suffix ''-i'' found in the term Newari to constitute an 'Indianization' of the language name. These people thus hold the opinion that the term Newari is non-respectful of Newar culture. }}</ref> adalah salah satu bahasa yang dituturkan di lembah Kathmandu, Nepal dan merupakan salah satu dari 500 bahasa dalam rumpun [[bahasa Sino-Tibet|Sino-Tibet]] di dunia. Nepal Bhasa adalah satu-satunya bahasa Tibet-Burma yang ditulis dengan [[aksara Dewanagari]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bajracharya |first1=Srizu |title=After being largely replaced by Devanagari, Nepal Bhasa scripts are making a comeback |url=https://kathmandupost.com/art-culture/2019/07/28/after-being-largely-replaced-by-devanagari-nepal-bhasa-scripts-are-making-a-comeback |access-date=16 December 2021 |agency=The Kathmandu Post}}</ref>
== Dialek dan pengaruh ==
Dalam
== Beberapa ungkapan dan istilah yang umum ==
Baris 74 ⟶ 66:
|Siapa nama Saudara?
|छिगु नां छु खः ?
|Chhigu
|-
|Nama saya ___
|जिगु नां ___ खः
|Jigu
|-
Baris 109 ⟶ 101:
|Teman
|पासा
|Tempal
|-
Baris 122 ⟶ 114:
|-
|Manusia
|मनु
|Manu
Baris 152 ⟶ 144:
|-
|akshara
|आखर
|Akhara
|-
Baris 182 ⟶ 174:
|}
==
=== Catatan kaki ===
{{reflist}}
=== Daftar pustaka ===
{{refbegin}}
*Bendix, E. (1974) ‘Indo-Aryan and Tibeto-Burman contact as seen through Nepali and Newari verb tenses’, International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics 3.1: 42–59.
*—— (1992) ‘The grammaticalization of responsibility and evidence: the interactional potential of evidential categories in Newari’, in J. Hill and J.T. Irvine (eds) Responsibility and Evidence in Oral Discourse, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
*Driem, G. van (1993) ‘The Newar verb in Tibeto-Burman perspective’, Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 26: 23–43.
*Genetti, C. (1988) ‘A syntactic correlate of topicality in Newari narrative’, in S. Thompson and J. Haiman (eds) Clause Combining in Grammar and Discourse, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
*—— (1994) ‘A descriptive and historical account of the Dolakha Newari dialect’, Monumenta Serindica 24, Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo: Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
*Hale, A. (1973) ‘On the form of the verbal basis in Newari’, in Braj Kachru et al. (eds) Issues in Linguistics: Papers in Honor of Henry and Renee Kahane, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
*—— (1980) ‘Person markers: finite conjunct and disjunct forms in Newari’, in R. Trail (ed.) Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics 7 (Pacific Linguistics Series A, no. 53), Canberra: Australian National University.
*—— (1985) ‘Noun phrase form and cohesive function in Newari’, in U. Piepel and G. Stickel (eds.) Studia Linguistica Diachronica et Synchronica, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
*—— (1986) ‘Users’ guide to the Newari dictionary’, in T. Manandhar (ed.) Newari–English Dictionary, Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan.
*—— (1994) ‘Entailed kin reference and Newari -mha’, paper presented to the 27th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics, Paris, France.
*Hale, A. and Mahandhar, T. (1980) ‘Case and role in Newari’, in R. Trail (ed.) Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics 7 (Pacific Linguistics Series A, no. 53), Canberra: Australian National University.
*Hargreaves, D. (1986) ‘Independent verbs and auxiliary functions in Newari’ Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 12: 401–12.
*—— (1991) ‘The conceptual structure of intentional action: data from Kathmandu Newari’, Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 17: 379–89.
*—— (1996) ‘From interrogation to topicalization: PTB *la in Kathmandu Newar’, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 19.2: 31–44.
* {{Cite journal|last=Hargreaves|first=David|date=2014-11-13|title=Review: Newār (Nepāl Bhāsā)|journal=Himalayan Linguistics|volume=1|issue=2|doi=10.5070/h91224531|issn=1544-7502|doi-access=free}}
*Jørgenson, H. (1931) ‘A dictionary of the Classical Newari’, Det. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Historisk-filologiske Meddelelser 23.1.
*—— (1941) ‘A grammar of the Classical Newari’, Det. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Historisk-filologiske Meddelelser 27.3.
*Jos, L. K. (1992) [NS 1112] ‘Nep%l bh%M%y% bh%M%vaijñ%nika vyakaraNa’ (A linguistic grammar of nep%l bh%Ma (Newar)), Kathmandu: Lacoul Publications.
*Kansakar, T. R. (1982) ‘Morphophonemics of the Newari verb’, in T.R. Kansakar (ed.) Occasional Papers in Nepalese Linguistics 12–29. Linguistic Society of Nepal Publication No.1, Lalitpur, Nepal.
*—— (1997) ‘The Newar language: a profile’, New%h Vijñ%na: Journal of Newar Studies 1.1: 11–28.
*Kölver, U. (1976) ‘Satztypen und verbsubcategorisierung der Newari’, Structura 10, Munich: Fink Verlag.
*—— (1977) ‘Nominalization and lexicalization in Newari’, Arbeiten des Kölner Universalen-Projekts 30.
*Kölver, U. and Shresthacarya, I. (1994) A Dictionary of Contemporary Newari, Bonn: VGH Wissenschaftsverlag.
*Manandhar, T. (1986) Newari-English Dictionary, Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan.
*Malla, K. P. (1982) Classical Newari Literature: A Sketch, Kathmandu: Educational Enterprise Pvt. Ltd.
*—— (1985) ‘The Newari language: a working outline’, Monumenta Serindica No. 14., Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo: Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
*Shakya, D. R. (1992) ‘Nominal and verbal morphology in six dialects of Newari’, unpublished masters thesis, University of Oregon.
*Shrestha, Uma (1990) ‘Social networks and code-switching in the Newar community of Kathmandu City’, unpublished PhD dissertation, Ball State University.
*Shresthacharya, I. (1976) ‘Some types of reduplication in the Newari verb phrase’, Contributions to Nepalese Studies 3.1: 117–27.
*—— (1981) ‘Newari root verbs’, Bibliotheca Himalayica 2.1, Kathmandu: [[Ratna Pustak Bhandar]].
{{refend}}
{{Rumpun bahasa Sino-Tibet}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Newar, bahasa}}
[[Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Sino-Tibet]]
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