Pemberontakan Saga: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Infobox military conflict

|conflict=Pemberontakan Saga

|image_size=300px

|caption=Sebuah [[ukiyo-e]] Pemberontakan Saga

|place=[[Prefektur Saga]]

|casus=

[[Ōkubo Toshimichi]]

 

 

[[:ja:%E9%87%8E%E6%B4%A5%E9%8E%AE%E9%9B%84|Shizuo Nozu]]

|notes=

}}

 

==Background==

Alarmed by growing rumors of unrest, [[Home Ministry (Japan)|Home Minister]] [[Ōkubo Toshimichi]] dispatched his henchman [[Takatoshi Iwamura|Iwamura Takatoshi]] to Saga to restore order. Iwamura only made the situation worse with his overbearing attitude. On the ship to Saga, he made an enemy of Shima Yoshitake, the former governor of [[Akita Prefecture]], who was traveling to Saga at the request of [[Sanjō Sanetomi]]. Iwamura so outraged Shima that Shima decided to throw his lot in with Etō and his rebels.

 

 

Etō decided to take action on the 16th of February 1874, by raiding a bank and occupying government offices within the grounds of old Saga castle. Etō had expected that similarly disaffected ''samurai'' in [[Satsuma han|Satsuma]] and [[Tosa Domain|Tosa]] would stage insurrections when they received word of his actions, but he had miscalculated badly, and both domains remained calm.

Etō told his followers that he intended to escape to Kagoshima to obtain help from [[Saigō Takamori]] and his Satsuma ''samurai''. If Saigō refused, he intended to go to Tosa, and if Tosa likewise refused, he would make his way to [[Tokyo]] to commit ''[[seppuku]].''

 

Although the Saga rebels were greatly demoralized by Etō's flight,{{citation needed|date=November 2014}} they continued to fight on, with some of the most violent combat occurring in the streets of Saga on February 27. Shima, who announced his decision to die fighting at Saga castle, fled that night for Kagoshima with his staff. Government forces seized Saga Castle of March 1 without further bloodshed.

 

Arrest warrants were circulated for Etō and Shima, and it is ironic that Etō was on the run as a fugitive from the very police force whom he had helped create. Etō was refused support in Kagoshima, and fled to Tosa in a fishing boat, where he was received coldly. While attempting to find a boat to take him to Tokyo, he was apprehended on March 28.

 

Sympathy for Etō was high, with Sanjo Sanetomi writing to Ōkubo to remind him that Etō's motives were not evil, and with [[Kido Takayoshi]] likewise writing to suggest that Etō be employed in the upcoming [[Taiwan Expedition of 1874]]. However, Okubo was adamant that an example be set, and Etō and Shima were tried by a [[military tribunal]] on April 12, and executed the next day along with eleven other leaders of the revolt. Etō was [[Decapitation|beheaded]] at Ōkubo's orders, and his severed head placed on public display – considered a demeaning punishment for someone of samurai class. Photographs were taken and were sold in Tokyo; however, the Tokyo government later banned their sale and ordered people who purchased the photographs to return them. Ōkubo, however, refused to comply and hung a copy of the photograph in the reception room of the Home Ministry.

 

 

*[[Hagi Rebellion]]

*[[Akizuki Rebellion]]

*[[Satsuma Rebellion]]

 

{{reflist}}

 

* [[William G. Beasley|Beasley, William G.]] (1972). ''The Meiji Restoration.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press. {{ISBN|9780804708159}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/meiji-restoration/oclc/579232&referer=brief_results OCLC 579232]

* [[Marius Jansen|Jansen, Marius B.]] (2000). ''The Making of Modern Japan.'' Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780674003347}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/making-of-modern-japan/oclc/44090600&referer=brief_results OCLC 44090600]

* [[Donald Keene|Keene, Donald]]. (2002). ''Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852-1912.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-231-12340-2}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/46731178 OCLC 46731178]

* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&client=firefox-a ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]

 

{{Authority control}}