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Moraceae: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Taxobox
| color = {{tc2|tumbuhan}}
| name = Moraceae
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|80|0}}Kapur Akhir – Sekarang
| image =
| image = Ficus retusa, Moraceae, Bagh-e-Jinnah.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_caption = ''Ficus retusa''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]}}
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]}}
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
{{kladtb|[[Eudikotil]]}}
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
{{kladtb|[[Rosid]]}}
|ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = '''Moraceae'''
Baris 14 ⟶ 17:
Lihat teks
}}
'''Suku ara-araan''' atau '''Moraceae''' adalah salah satu [[familia|suku]] anggota [[tumbuhan berbunga]]. Menurut [[Sistem klasifikasi APG II]] suku ini dimasukkan ke dalam [[ordo (biologi)|bangsa]] [[Rosales]], [[klad]] '''[[eurosidseuRosidae I]]'''. Moraceae adalah keluarga [[tanaman berbunga]] yang terdiri dari sekitar 38 genera dan lebih dari 1100 spesies.<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W. | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = [[Phytotaxa]] | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
 
Ke dalam suku ini termasuk [[beringin]], [[ara]], [[tin]], [[pohon bodhi]], dan [[murbei]]. Ciri khas suku ini dapat dilihat dari [[daun]]nya yang relatif tebal, agak berdaging ([[sukulen]]), serta dari buahnya yang bukan merupakan [[buah]] sejati karena terbentuk dari dasar [[bunga]] yang membesar lalu menutup sehingga membentuk bulatan seperti buah. Bunganya tersembunyi di dalam "buah" dan diserbuki oleh [[serangga]] tertentu (biasanya dari anggota [[Hymenoptera]]).
 
== Filogeni ==
[[filogenetik molekuler]] modern menyarankan hubungan suku tumbuhan ini sebagai berikut:<ref name="Sytsma"/><ref name="Datwyler"/><ref name="Clement"/><ref name="Zerega">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zerega NJ, Clement WL, Datwyler SL, Weiblen GD | year = 2005 | title = Biogeography and divergence times in the mulberry family (Moraceae) | journal = [[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | pages = 402–416| doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.004 | pmid = 16112884| citeseerx = 10.1.1.418.1442 }}</ref>
 
{{Clade| style=line-height:75%;
|1={{clade
|1=[[Urticaceae]]&nbsp;([[Outgroup (cladistics)|outgroup]])
|label2=Moraceae
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1=[[Artocarpeae]] <!-- Missing: Hullettia and Treculia. -->
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Batocarpus]]''
|2=''[[Clarisia]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Artocarpus]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Parartocarpus]]''
|2=''[[Prainea]]''
}}
}}
}}
|label2=[[Moreae]]
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Sorocea]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Bagassa]]''
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Milicia (plant)|Milicia]]''
|2=''[[Streblus]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Morus (plant)|Morus]]''
|2=''[[Trophis]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|2={{clade
|label1=[[Maclureae]]
|1=''[[Maclura]]''
|2={{clade
|label1=[[Dorstenieae]] <!-- Missing: Bosqueiopsis and Scyphosyce. -->
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Fatoua]]''
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Broussonetia]]''
|2=''[[Malaisia (plant)|Malaisia]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Bleekrodea]]''
|2=''[[Sloetia]]''
}}
|2=''[[Trilepisium]]''
|3={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Utsetela]]''
|2=''[[Dorstenia]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Brosimum]]''
|2=''[[Trymatococcus]]''
|3=''[[Helianthostylis]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|2={{clade
|label1=[[Ficeae]]
|1=''[[Ficus]]''
|label2=[[Castilleae]]
|2={{clade
|label1=Antiaropsineae
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Sparattosyce]]''
|2=''[[Antiaropsis]]''
}}
|label2=Castillineae
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Antiaris]]''
|2=''[[Mesogyne]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Naucleopsis]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Perebea]]''
|2=''[[Pseudolmedia]]''
|3={{clade
|1=''[[Maquira]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Helicostylis]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Poulsenia]]''
|2=''[[Castilla (plant)|Castilla]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
 
==Subfamili dan genus==
Moraceae terdiri dari:<ref name="Hepworth">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hepworth C | year = 2018 | title = Moraceae - The Mulberry Family | journal = Florida Fruit Geek | url = https://floridafruitgeek.com/moraceae-the-mulberry-family/}}</ref>
 
{{div col|colwidth=350px}}
*'''[[Artocarpeae]]''' <small>Lam. & DC. 1806</small>
** ''[[Artocarpus]]'' <small>J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.</small> (c. 50 spp.)
** ''[[Batocarpus]]'' <small>H.Karst.</small> (4 spp.)
** ''[[Clarisia]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small> (3 spp.)
** ''[[Hullettia]]'' <small>King ex Hook.f.</small> (2 spp.)
** ''[[Parartocarpus]]'' <small>Baill.</small> (3 spp.)
** ''[[Prainea]]'' <small>King ex Hook.f.</small> (4 spp.)
** ''[[Treculia]]'' <small>Decne. ex Trécul</small> (3 spp.)
*'''[[Castilleae]]''' <small>C.C.Berg 1977</small>
**'''[[Antiaropsineae]]''' <small>(C.C.Berg) Clement & Weiblen 2005</small>
*** ''[[Antiaropsis]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> (1 sp.)
*** ''[[Sparattosyce]]'' <small>Bur.</small> (1 sp.)
**'''[[Castillineae]]''' <small>Clement & Weiblen 2009</small>
*** ''[[Antiaris]]'' <small>Lesch.</small> (1 sp.)
*** ''[[Castilla (genus)|Castilla]]'' <small>Cerv.</small> (3 spp.)
*** ''[[Helicostylis]]'' <small>Trécul</small> (7 spp.)
*** ''[[Maquira]]'' <small>Aubl.</small> (5 spp.)<!-- Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 28(4): 277 -->
*** ''[[Mesogyne]]'' <small>Engl.</small> (1 sp.)
*** ''[[Naucleopsis]]'' <small>Miq.</small> (c. 20 spp.)
*** ''[[Perebea]]'' <small>Aubl.</small> (9 spp.)
*** ''[[Poulsenia]]'' <small>Eggers</small> (1 sp.)
*** ''[[Pseudolmedia]]'' <small>Trécul</small> (c. 9 spp.)
*'''[[Dorstenieae]]''' <small>Dumort. 1830</small>
** ''[[Bleekrodea]]'' <small>Blume</small> (3 spp.)
** ''[[Bosqueiopsis]]'' <small>De Wild. & T.Durand</small> (1 sp.)
** ''[[Brosimum]]'' <small>Sw.</small> (13 spp.)
** ''[[Broussonetia]]'' <small>L’Hér. ex Vent.</small> (8 spp.)
** ''[[Dorstenia]]'' <small>L.</small> (c. 105 spp.)
** ''[[Fatoua]]'' <small>Gaudich.</small> (3 spp.)
** ''[[Helianthostylis]]'' <small>Baill.</small> (2 spp.)
** ''[[Malaisia (plant)|Malaisia]]'' <small>Blanco 1837</small> (1 sp.)
** ''[[Scyphosyce]]'' <small>Baill.</small> (2 spp.)
** ''[[Sloetia]]'' <small>Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz 1864</small> (1 sp.)
** ''[[Trilepisium]]'' <small>Thouars</small> (1 sp.)
** ''[[Trymatococcus]]'' <small>Poepp. & Endl.</small> (2 spp.)
** ''[[Utsetela]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small> (1 sp.)
*'''[[Ficeae]]''' <small>Gaudich. 1830</small>
**''[[Ficus]]'' <small>L.</small> (750 spp.)
*'''[[Maclureae]]''' <small>W.L. Clement & Weiblen 2009</small>
** ''[[Maclura]]'' <small>Nutt.</small> (11 spp.)
*'''[[Moreae]]''' <small>Dumort. 1829</small>
** ''[[Bagassa]]'' <small>Aubl.</small> (1 sp.)
** ''[[Milicia]]'' <small>Sim</small> (2 spp.)
** ''[[Murbei|Morus]]'' <small>L.</small> (c. 12 spp.)
** ''[[Sorocea]]'' <small>A.St.-Hil.</small> (22 spp.)
** ''[[Streblus (genus tumbuhan)|Streblus]]'' <small>Lour.</small> (c. 24 spp.)
** ''[[Trophis]]'' <small>P.Browne</small> (8 spp.)
*'''Fossils'''
** [[Punah|†]]''[[Artocarpoides]]'' <small></small>
{{div col end}}
 
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/moraceae.htm Moraceae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/ |date=2007-01-03 }} in [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ |date=2007-01-03 }}
 
{{commons|Moraceae}}
 
{{botani-stub}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q156579}}
 
[[Kategori:Moraceae| ]]
[[Kategori:Kemunculan pertama Kampanium yang masih hidup]]
 
 
[[en:Moraceae]]
{{botani-stub}}
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Moraceae"