Linde (pohon): Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Wagino Bot (bicara | kontrib) k →Pemerian: minor cosmetic change |
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{{
| color = {{tc2|tumbuhan}}
|image = Tilia tomentosa.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Tilia tomentosa]]'', dibiakkan pada [[:en:Morton Arboretum|Morton Arboretum]] dekat [[Chicago]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Eudikotil]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Rosid]]}}
|ordo = [[Malvales]]
|familia = [[Malvaceae]]
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|subdivision = Sekitar 30
}}
'''''Tilia''''' ,'''linde''' atau '''namdar''' merupakan suatu [[genus]] yang terdiri dari kira-kira 30 [[spesies]] pohon [[:en:native plant|asli]] di hampir seluruh wilayah [[Belahan Utara]] [[:en:temperateness|bersuhu sedang]]. [[:en:Common name|Nama umumnya]] '''lime tree''' di kepulauan Britania (''British Isles''), meskipun tumbuhan ini bukan kerabat dekat [[:en:Lime (fruit)|buah lime (jeruk pecel)]]. Nama lain adalah pohon '''linden''' dan '''basswood'''. Genus ini dijumpai di Eropa dan Amerika Utara bagian timur, tetapi keragaman spesies terbesar terdapat di [[Asia]]. Menurut [[:en:Cronquist system|sistem klasifikasi Cronquist]], genus ini ditempatkan dalam [[familia]] [[Tiliaceae]], tetapi riset genetika yang diikhtisarkan oleh [[:en:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] menghasilkan penggolongan genus ini ke dalam [[familia]] [[Malvaceae]].
Kebanyakan spesies
== Nama ==
<!--"Lime" is an altered form of Middle English ''lind'', in the 16th century also ''line'', from Old English feminine ''lind'' or ''linde'', [[Proto-Germanic]] ''*lendā'', cognate to Latin ''lentus'' "flexible" and Sanskrit ''latā'' "[[liana]]". Within [[Germanic languages]], English "lithe", German ''lind'' "lenient, yielding" are from the same root.
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[[Nama Latin]] ''tilia'' merupakan kognasi dari kata [[bahasa Yunani]] πτελέᾱ, ''ptelea'', "[[:en:elm tree|pohon elm]]", τιλίαι, ''tiliai'', "[[:en:black poplar|poplar hitam]]" ([[Hesychius of Alexandria|Hes.]]), awalnya dari suatu kata [[:en:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''*ptel-ei̯ā'' yang bermakna "lebar" (feminin); mungkin dalam artian "berdaun lebar" atau mirip dengan itu.<ref>[[IEW]]</ref>
== Pemerian ==
[[
[[
Batang
|last =Keeler
|first =Harriet L.
|title =Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them
|url =https://archive.org/details/ournativetreesa02keelgoog
|publisher =Charles Scriber's Sons
|year =1900
|location =New York
|pages =[https://archive.org/details/ournativetreesa02keelgoog/page/n51 24]–31 }}</ref>
<!--
The leaves of all the ''Tilia'' species are heart-shaped and most are asymmetrical, and the tiny fruit, looking like [[pea]]s, always hang attached to a ribbon-like, greenish-yellow [[bract]], whose use seems to be to launch the ripened seed-clusters just a little beyond the parent tree. The flowers of the European and American ''Tilia'' species are similar, except the American bears a petal-like scale among its stamens and the European varieties are devoid of these appendages. All of the ''Tilia'' species may be propagated by cuttings and grafting, as well as by seed. They grow rapidly in rich soil, but are subject to the attack of many insects. ''Tilia'' is notoriously difficult to propagate from seed unless collected fresh in the fall. If allowed to dry, the seeds will go into a deep dormancy and take 18 months to germinate.<ref name=Keeler />
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== Sejarah ==
{{About||cultural significance|Lime tree in culture}}
[[
Di Eropa, sejumlah pohon
* Keunggulan madu dari [[Hyblaean Mountains]] yang terkenal luas<ref name=eb>{{cite web |url=http://www.libraryindex.com/encyclopedia/pages/cpxldaulh1/honey-bees-flowers-sugar.html |title=Honey |work=9th Edition of Encyclopedia Britannica |quote=…honey most esteemed by the ancients was that of Mount Hybla in Sicily… |accessdate=November 22, 2011}}</ref> disebabkan oleh pohon linden yang menutupi sisi-sisinya dan memahkotai puncaknya.
* Fosil tumbuhan ini telah ditemukan pada [[:en:Tertiary|lapisan formasi ''Tertiary'']] di [[:en:Grinnell Land|Grinnell Land]], [[Kanada]], pada garis 82° lintang utara, dan di [[Spitzbergen]], [[Norwegia]]. Sapporta meyakini bahwa yang ditemukannya di sana adalah leluhur bersama dari spesies ''Tilia'' di Eropa dan Amerika.<ref name=Keeler />
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<!--
===Kayu ===-->
[[
The [[timber]] of linden trees is soft and easily worked; it has very little [[wood grain|grain]] and a density of 560 kg per cubic metre.<ref>[http://www.nichetimbers.co.uk/european-hardwood/lime/ Lime timber]. Niche Timbers. Accessed 19-08-2009.</ref> During the [[Viking era]], it was often used for constructing shields. It is a popular wood for model building and intricate carving. Especially in Germany, it was the classic wood for [[sculpture]] from the Middle Ages onwards and is the material for the elaborate [[altarpiece]]s of [[Veit Stoss]], [[Tilman Riemenschneider]], and many others. In England, it was the favoured medium of the sculptor [[Grinling Gibbons]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hrp.org.uk/HamptonCourtPalace/GrinlingGibbons |title=Hampton Court Palace: Grinling Gibbons |publisher=Hrp.org.uk |accessdate=2012-07-06}}</ref> The wood is used in [[marionette]], [[puppet]] making and carving. Having a fine light grain and being comparatively light in weight, it has been used for centuries for this purpose despite modern alternatives being available, and is still one of the main materials used today.
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Usually, the double-flowered species are used to make perfumes. The leaf buds and young leaves are also edible raw. ''Tilia'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]]; see [[List of Lepidoptera that feed on Tilia|List of Lepidoptera that feed on ''Tilia'']].
-->
== Taksonomi ==
Daftar berikut meliputi tumbuhan yang paling umum diterima tergolong genus ini, termasuk spesies, hibrid, dan ''cultivar''.
[[
[[
[[
=== Spesies ===
* ''[[Tilia americana]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]</small> – Basswood, American Linden
* ''[[Tilia amurensis]]'' <small></small> – Amur Lime, Amur Linden
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* ''[[Tilia tuan]]''
=== Hibrid dan ''cultivar'' ===
* ''[[Tilia × euchlora]]'' (''T. dasystyla × T. cordata'')
* ''[[Tilia × europaea]]'' – Common Lime (''T. cordata × T. platyphyllos''; syn. ''T. × vulgaris'')
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* ''Tilia'' 'Spectabilis' (hybrid, unknown origin)
== Galeri ==
<gallery heights=" 188px" widths="154px" perrow="4" caption="">
File:AmericanBasswood.JPG|''[[Tilia americana]]''
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</gallery>
== Lihat pula ==
* [[International World War Peace Tree]], a ''Tilia'' tree that stands as a sign of [[November 11, 1918|Germany's alliance]] with the United States
* [[St Lawrence Lime]], a former lime tree in Canterbury, England
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* {{cite web|last=Eichhorn|first=Markus|title=Lime Trees and Bees|url=http://www.test-tube.org.uk/trees/video_lime.htm|work=Test Tube|publisher=[[Brady Haran]] for the [[University of Nottingham]]|date=January 2012}}
{{Woodworking}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q127849}}
[[Kategori:Tilia| ]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Malvaceae]]
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