Fregat kelas Mogami: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Pada tahun 2015, anggaran pertahanan Jepang mengalokasikan dana untuk mempelajari pembangunan "kapal perusak lambung tipe kompak dengan kemampuan multi fungsi tambahan" serta sistem radar baru untuk kapal perusak tersebut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/270414.pdf|title=Defense Programs and Budget of Japan Overview of FY2015 Budget|date=January 2015|website=Japan Ministry of Defense|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060422/http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/270414.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=26 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pada tahun yang sama Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) meluncurkan model konsep pertama fregat (30FF) yang telah mereka kembangkan dengan dana mereka sendiri.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2017/august-2017-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/5480-japan-s-atla-selected-mhi-mitsui-to-build-30dx-surface-combatant-for-jmsdf.html|title=Japan's ATLA Selected MHI & Mitsui to build 30DX Surface Combatant for JMSDF|date=16 August 2017|website=Navy Recognition|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=2020-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216125104/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2017/august-2017-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/5480-japan-s-atla-selected-mhi-mitsui-to-build-30dx-surface-combatant-for-jmsdf.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2015-news/june-2015-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/2821-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-unveiled-30ff-or-dex-next-generation-vessel-concept-for-the-jmsdf.html|title=Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Unveiled 30FF or DEX Next Generation Vessel Concept for the JMSDF|date=12 June 2015|website=Navy Recognition|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626163816/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2015-news/june-2015-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/2821-mitsubishi-heavy-industries-unveiled-30ff-or-dex-next-generation-vessel-concept-for-the-jmsdf.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Pembangunan 30DX akan dimulai pada tahun 2018. Sebanyak dua puluh dua unit untuk desain ini direncanakan pada tahun 2032, delapan di antaranya berada di bawah kontrak pada tahun 2018; sepasang akan dibangun setiap tahun.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mod.go.jp/atla/pinup/pinup300831_02.pdf |title=Acquisition Program Analysis and Evaluation Report (New frigate) |pages=27-28 |publisher=Ministry of Defense (Japan) |date=31 August 2018 |access-date=2021-04-07 |archive-date=2021-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210084545/https://www.mod.go.jp/atla/pinup/pinup300831_02.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Tujuan awalnya adalah menggunakan model 30FF. Desain 30FF mirip dengan [[Kapal tempur pesisir kelas Freedom|kapal tempur pesisir kelas ''Freedom'']] milik [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] dengan tiang yang terintegrasi. Persenjataannya termasuk [[meriam Mark 45 kaliber 5"/54]], dua [[Sistem kendali senjata jarak jauh|stasiun senjata jarak jauh]] antara [[Anjungan kapal|anjungan]] dan meriam utama, [[RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile|SeaRAM]] di atas [[hanggar]] helikopter, dan sebuah helikopter. Panjang kapal versi ini adalah 120 meter, dengan lebar maksimal 18 meter, dan [[berat benaman]] sekitar 3.000 metrik ton (panjang 3.000 ton). 30FF dirancang memiliki kecepatan maksimum 40 knot (74&nbsp;km/jam) dan menampung sekitar 100 awak.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1B-vNx_WUoQ|title=Sea-Air-Space 2017 Day 3 / Part 1 - International Presence & US Naval Technology|last=DefenseWebTV|date=5 April 2017|website=YouTube|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=2022-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418011504/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1B-vNx_WUoQ|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Namun, model 30DX-lah yang akhirnya dipilih untuk dibangun. 30DX memiliki desain yang lebih konservatif (walaupun modern) dibandingkan dengan 30FF yang lebih radikal. Tiga faktor utama perubahan desain adalah karena kebutuhan keterjangkauan, miniaturisasi/otomatisasi, dan kemampuan multi-misi.<ref name=":0" /> Kapal memiliki panjang keseluruhan 130 meter, lebar 16 meter, berat benaman standar 3.900 metrik ton (3.800 ton panjang) dengan berat benaman muatan penuh sekitar 5.500 metrik ton (5.400 ton panjang), dan kecepatan maksimum lebih dari 30 knot (56&nbsp;km/jam).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJhRFeoyvBU&t=199s|title=Sea-Air-Space 2018 Day 3 - JMSDF 30DX - Zodiac H-1300 - MARTAC Mantas - HII LX(R) - Airbus VSR700|last=DefenseWebTV|date=12 April 2018|website=YouTube|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=2021-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210124336/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJhRFeoyvBU&t=199s|dead-url=no}}</ref> Fregat akan ditenagai oleh [[turbin gas]] [[Rolls-Royce MT30]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2018/may-2018-navy-naval-defense-news/6248-rolls-royce-mt30-gas-turbine-to-power-japan-s-new-30ffm-frigate.html|title=Rolls-Royce MT30 Gas Turbine to Power Japan’s New 30FFM Frigate|date=29 May 2018|website=Navy Recognition|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=2022-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221075713/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2018/may-2018-navy-naval-defense-news/6248-rolls-royce-mt30-gas-turbine-to-power-japan-s-new-30ffm-frigate.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Persenjataan 30DX termasuk meriam Mk 45, dua stasiun senjata jarak jauh di atas anjungan, [[Mark 41 Vertical Launching System|Sistem Peluncuran Vertikal (VLS) Mk 41]] 16-sel di haluan, 8 [[Peluru kendali antikapal|rudal anti-kapal]], satu SeaRAM, helikopter [[Mitsubishi H-60|SH-60L]], torpedo, dan peluncur umpan. Kemampuan lainnya adalah mengerahkan dan memulihkan kendaraan bawah air nirawak (UUV), kendaraan permukaan nirawak (USV),<ref>{{Cite web|last=Inaba|first=Yoshihiro|date=2021-08-31|title=New USV for Japan's Mogami-class FFM Frigate Breaks Cover|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/08/new-usv-for-japans-mogami-class-ffm-frigate-breaks-cover/|website=Naval News|language=en-US|access-date=2023-01-27|archive-date=2022-02-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227034032/https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/08/new-usv-for-japans-mogami-class-ffm-frigate-breaks-cover/|dead-url=no}}</ref> dan [[ranjau laut]] dari lereng belakang di bawah dek heli.<ref name=":1" /> 30DX juga akan menggunakan rudal jarak jauh [[Angkatan Darat Bela Diri Jepang|JGSDF]], [[Tipe 03 Chū-SAM]] versi angkatan laut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/84241/mhi-to-build-two-new-multirole-frigates-for-jmsdf|title=MHI to build two new multirole frigates for JMSDF|last=Takahashi|first=Kosuke|date=2 November 2018|website=Jane's 360|access-date=11 February 2019|archive-date=2019-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714121224/https://www.janes.com/article/84241/mhi-to-build-two-new-multirole-frigates-for-jmsdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Desain siluman dari kedua model didasarkan dari penelitian dan pengembangan yang dipelajari dari prototipe pesawat tempur siluman [[Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin]], karena kedua ''platform'' dirancang oleh Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/naval-exhibitions/2015/pacific-2015-naval-show-daily-news/3162--pacific-2015-pictures-of-the-contenders-for-the-australian-navy-sea5000-asw-frigate.html|title=PACIFIC 2015: Pictures of the Contenders for the Australian Navy SEA5000 ASW Frigate Program|date=10 October 2015|website=Navy Recognition|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=2022-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221105831/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/naval-exhibitions/2015/pacific-2015-naval-show-daily-news/3162--pacific-2015-pictures-of-the-contenders-for-the-australian-navy-sea5000-asw-frigate.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Seiring dengan kemampuan siluman, fregat juga menekankan memiliki [[Teknik otomasi|otomatisasi]] tingkat tinggi. Hal ini memungkinkan fregat memiliki jumlah awak yang rendah, yaitu hanya 90 personel jika dibandingkan kapal lain dengan ukuran yang sama.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|last=Vavasseur|first=Xavier|date=2019-05-28|title=JMSDF Future Frigate to Feature Futuristic 360° Augmented Reality Wall|url=https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/sas-2019/2019/05/jmsdf-future-frigate-to-feature-futuristic-360-augmented-reality-wall/|website=Naval News|language=en-US|access-date=2023-01-27|archive-date=2022-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221075715/https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/sas-2019/2019/05/jmsdf-future-frigate-to-feature-futuristic-360-augmented-reality-wall/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Kedua desain fregat telah dipamerkan dalam empat pameran angkatan laut untuk menarik pelanggan ekspor potensial. 30FF ditampilkan di PACIFIC 2015 sebagai pesaing Program Frigate ASW SEA5000 [[Angkatan Laut Australia]] dan dipamerkan lagi di Sea Air Space 2017.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> Desain 30DX juga telah ditampilkan di Sea Air Space 2018 (serta 2019) dan Euronaval 2018.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Euronaval 2018: Mitsubishi from Japan new concept of Future Multi-Mission Frigate|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/naval-exhibitions/2018/euronaval-2018/6646-euronaval-2018-mitsubishi-from-japan-new-concept-of-future-multi-mission-frigate.html|website=www.navyrecognition.com|access-date=2023-01-27|archive-date=2022-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221105838/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/naval-exhibitions/2018/euronaval-2018/6646-euronaval-2018-mitsubishi-from-japan-new-concept-of-future-multi-mission-frigate.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Jepang berencana mengekspor empat fregat ke Indonesia, dan empat lainnya akan dibangun di Indonesia dengan kontrak senilai ¥300 miliar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Thomas|first=Ben|date=2013-05-10|title=Article expired|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/article-expired/|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US|access-date=2023-01-27|archive-date=2016-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115014344/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/06/09/world/selling-egypts-wine-world|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada Maret 2021, Jepang dan Indonesia menandatangani perjanjian kerja sama militer, yang menegaskan pengiriman.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Japan could deliver eight Mogami-class stealth frigates to Indonesia|url=https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2021/april/9935-japan-could-deliver-eight-mogami-class-stealth-frigates-to-indonesia.html|website=Navy Recognition|language=en-gb|access-date=2023-01-27|archive-date=2021-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018011956/https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2021/april/9935-japan-could-deliver-eight-mogami-class-stealth-frigates-to-indonesia.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|''Maret20 Juni 2024''