Cola (genus): Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Taxobox
| color = {{tc2|tumbuhan}}
| name = Cola
| fossil_range =
Baris 5 ⟶ 6:
| image_caption = ''Cola acuminata''
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
<!--tumbuhan berbunga-->
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Eudikotil]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Rosid]]}}
| ordo = [[Malvales]]
| familia = [[Malvaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Sterculioideae]]
Baris 26 ⟶ 27:
|synonyms_ref =
}}
'''''Cola''''' adalah genus pohon asli hutan tropis Afrika dalam keluarga [[Malvaceae]], subfamili [[Sterculioideae]] (sebelumnya diklasifikasikan dalam famili [[Sterculiaceae]]). Spesies dalam genus ini kadang-kadang disebut sebagai '''pohon kola''' atau kacang [[kola]] karena menghasilkan buah yang mengandung kafein dan sering digunakan sebagai bahan pembuatan minuman. Genus ini dianggap berkerabat dekat dengan genus ''[[Theobroma]]'' yang berasal dari Amerika Selatan, tetapi sekarang genus tersebut ditempatkan di subfamili yang berbeda. Mereka berupa pohon yang selalu hijau, tumbuh setinggi 20 meter dengan daun bulat telur mengkilap hingga panjang 30 cm, dan buahnya berbentuk bintang.<ref>Duke, James A. (2001). ''Handbook of Nuts''{{page needed|date=February 2021}}</ref>
== Asal & persebaran ==
''Cola'' adalah genus dari Keluarga Malvaceae dengan sekitar 100 hingga 125 spesies tumbuhan yang terdapat di dataran rendah hijau dan hutan pegunungan (terutama tropis) di benua Afrika.<ref name="Three new species">{{cite journal | jstor=4111117 | title=Three new species of Cola (Sterculiaceae) from western Cameroon | author=Cheek, Martin | journal=Kew Bulletin | year=2002 | volume=57 | issue=2 | pages=403–415 | publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew | doi=10.2307/4111117}}</ref> Kacangnya adalah biji yang dipanen dari polong, terutama dari spesies ''[[Cola nitida]]'' dan ''[[Cola acuminata]]''.<ref name="Three new species" /> Di luar daratan Afrika, beberapa spesiesnya dibudidayakan untuk diambil kacangnya seperti di Brazil, Jamaika, dan tempat lain di daerah tropis lembab.
== Daftar spesies ==
* ''[[Cola acuminata]]'' <small>(P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.</small>
* ''[[Cola alba]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola altissima]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola angustifolia]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola anomala]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola argentea]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola attiensis]]'' <small>Aubrév. & Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola ballayi]]'' <small>Cornu ex Heckel</small>
* ''[[Cola bilenguensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola bipindensis]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola bodardii]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola boxiana]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola brevipes]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola bruneelii]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Cola buesgenii]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola buntingii]]'' <small>Baker f.</small>
* ''[[Cola cabindensis]]'' <small>Exell</small>
* ''[[Cola caricifolia]]'' <small>(G.Don) K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola cauliflora]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola cecidiifolia]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola chlamydantha]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola chlorantha]]'' <small>F.White</small>
* ''[[Cola clavata]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola coccinea]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola congolana]]'' <small>De Wild. & T.Durand</small>
* ''[[Cola cordifolia]]'' <small>(Cav.) R.Br.</small>
* ''[[Cola crispiflora]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola digitata]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola discoglypremnophylla]]'' <small>Brenan & A.P.D.Jones</small>
* ''[[Cola diversifolia]]'' <small>De Wild. & T.Durand</small>
* ''[[Cola duparquetiana]]'' <small>Baill.</small>
* ''[[Cola edeensis]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola elegans]]'' <small>Pierre ex Breteler</small>
* ''[[Cola fibrillosa]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola ficifolia]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola flaviflora]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola flavovelutina]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola gabonensis]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola gigantea]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola gigas]]'' <small>Baker f.</small>
* ''[[Cola gilgiana]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola gilletii]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Cola glabra]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola glaucoviridis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola greenwayi]]'' <small>Brenan</small>
* ''[[Cola griseiflora]]'' <small>De Wild.</small>
* ''[[Cola heterophylla]]'' <small>(P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.</small>
* ''[[Cola hispida]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola hypochrysea]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola idoumensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola kimbozensis]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola lasiantha]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola lateritia]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola laurifolia]]'' <small>Mast.</small>
* ''[[Cola le-testui]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola lepidota]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola letouzeyana]]'' <small>Nkongmeneck</small>
* ''[[Cola liberica]]'' <small>Jongkind</small>
* ''[[Cola lissachensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola lizae]]'' <small>N.Hallé</small>
* ''[[Cola lomensis]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola lorougnonis]]'' <small>Aké Assi</small>
* ''[[Cola louisii]]'' <small>Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola lukei]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola macrantha]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola mahoundensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola marsupium]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola mayimbensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola mayumbensis]]'' <small>Exell</small>
* ''[[Cola megalophylla]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola metallica]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola millenii]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola minor]]'' <small>Brenan</small>
* ''[[Cola mixta]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola mossambicensis]]'' <small>Wild</small>
* ''[[Cola mosserayana]]'' <small>Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola nana]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola natalensis]]'' <small>Oliv.</small>
* ''[[Cola ndongensis]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola nigerica]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola nitida]]'' <small>(Vent.) Schott & Endl.</small>
* ''[[Cola noldeae]]'' <small>Exell & Mendonça</small>
* ''[[Cola obtusa]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola octoloboides]]'' <small>Brenan</small>
* ''[[Cola pachycarpa]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola pallida]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola philipi-jonesii]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola pierlotii]]'' <small>Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola porphyrantha]]'' <small>Brenan</small>
* ''[[Cola praeacuta]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola pseudoclavata]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola pulcherrima]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola quentinii]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola quintasii]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola reticulata]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola ricinifolia]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola rondoensis]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola rostrata]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola ruawaensis]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola rubra]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola scheffleri]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola sciaphila]]'' <small>Louis ex Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola selengana]]'' <small>Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola semecarpophylla]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola simiarum]]'' <small>Sprague ex Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola sphaerocarpa]]'' <small>A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola sphaerosperma]]'' <small>Heckel</small>
* ''[[Cola stelechantha]]'' <small>Brenan</small>
* ''[[Cola subglaucescens]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola suboppositifolia]]'' <small>Cheek</small>
* ''[[Cola sulcata]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola tessmannii]]'' <small>Engl. & K.Krause</small>
* ''[[Cola triloba]]'' <small>(R.Br.) K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola tsandensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small>
* ''[[Cola uloloma]]'' <small>Brenan</small>
* ''[[Cola umbratilis]]'' <small>Brenan & Keay</small>
* ''[[Cola urceolata]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small>
* ''[[Cola usambarensis]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
* ''[[Cola vandersmisseniana]]'' <small>Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola verticillata]]'' <small>(Thonn.) Stapf ex A.Chev.</small>
* ''[[Cola welwitschii]]'' <small>Exell & Mendonça ex R.Germ.</small>
* ''[[Cola winkleri]]'' <small>Engl.</small>
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Kategori:Malvaceae]]
[[Kategori:Cola| ]]
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