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Revisi per 11 November 2018 12.23 sunting AABot (bicara \| kontrib) Bot, Pengecualian blokir IP 912.997 suntingan k Bot: Perubahan kosmetika Tag: PAWS [1.2] ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi per 4 Juli 2024 22.48 sunting balikkan Петров Эдуард (bicara \| kontrib) 19 suntingan Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Revisi selanjutnya →
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Baris 9: \|date_start1 = \|year_end = 1950 \|~~date_end1~~date_end = \|~~event_end1~~event_end= [[Kepresidenan Surat]] \|event1 = \|date_event1 = \|p1 = Kepresidenan Bantam Baris 17: \|flag_p1 =British East India Company flag.svg \|flag_s1 = British East India Company flag.svg \|~~event_start2~~event2 = Agensi Benteng St George di Madraspatnam menjadi Kepresidenan Madras▼ \|~~year_start2~~date_event2 = 1684 ~~\|date_start2 =~~ ▲\|event_start2= Agensi Benteng St George di Madraspatnam menjadi Kepresidenan Madras \|year_end2 = 1950 \|date_end2 = \|event_end2= [[Republik India]] ~~\|event2 =~~ ~~\|date_event2 =~~ \|p2 = Kepresidenan Surat \|s2 = Negara Bagian Madras Baris 39 ⟶ 36: }} {{Kolonial India}} '''Kepresidenan Madras''', yang bernama resmi '''Kepresidenan Benteng St. George''' dan juga dikenal sebagai '''Provinsi Madras''', adalah sebuah [[Kepresidenan dan provinsi di India Britania\|subdivisi administratif (kepresidenan)]] di [[India Britania]]. Pada masa kejayaannya, kepresidenan tersebut meliputi kebanyakan wilayah [[selatan India]], yang meliputi wilayah pada masa sekarang dari negara bagian India [[Tamil Nadu]] dan [[Andhra Pradesh]] dan sebagian dari [[Odisha]], [[Kerala]] dan [[Karnataka]] dan wilayah persatuan [[Lakshadweep]]. Kota [[Madras]] adalah ~~ibukota~~ibu kota musim dingin dari Kepresidenan tersebut dan [[Ootacamund]] atau Ooty adalah ~~ibukota~~ibu kota musim panas-nya. [[Ceylon\|Pulau Ceylon]] menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras dari 1793 sampai 1798 ketika kepresidenan tersebut dijadikan sebagai [[koloni mahkota]]. Setelah [[reformasi Montague-Chelmsford]] pada 1919, Madras menjadi provinsi pertama dari [[India Britania]] untuk mengimplementasikan sistem [[diarki]], dan setelah itu Gubernur-nya memerintah bersama dengan seorang perdana menteri. Pada awal dekade abad ke-20, beberapa kontributor signifikan dari [[gerakan kemerdekaan India]] berasal dari Madras. Dengan adanya [[kemerdekaan India]] pada 15 Agustus 1947, Kepresidenan tersebut dibubarkan. Madras kemudian dijadikan sebagai [[Negara Bagian Madras]], sebuah negara bagian dari India Serikat dan peresmian Republik India pada 26 Januari 1950, dan [[Undang-Undang Reorganisasi Negara Bagian 1956\|direorganisir pada 1956]]. Baris 51 ⟶ 48: {{main\|Sejarah Kepresidenan Madras}} [[Berkas:Stinger Lawrence and Nawab Wallajah.JPG\|150px\|jmpl\|kiri\|[[Stringer Lawrence]] yang mendirikan Angkatan Darat Madras dengan [[Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah]], [[Nawab Karnatik]]]] [[Berkas:20 Cash 1803, British India, Madras.jpg\|jmpl\|260px\|Koin Kepresidenan Madras, 1803]] == Catatan == Baris 65 ⟶ 63: * Madras District Gazetteers * {{cite book\|title=Memorandum of progress of the Madras Presidency during the last forty years of British Administration\|last=Raghavaiyangar\|first=Srinivasa\|authorlink=S. Srinivasa Raghavaiyangar\|publisher=Government of Madras\|year=1893\|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=fkEeAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=madras+presidency&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Uiy9UJGWFMWo0AHUg4CoCQ&ved=0CE0Q6AEwCQ\|ref=Memorandum of progress}} * {{cite book\|title=Economic Studies Vol I:Some South Indian villages\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.84329\|last=Slater\|first=Gilbert\|authorlink=Gilbert Slater\|publisher=\|year=1918\|ref=Slater}} * {{cite book\|title=Hand-book to the cotton cultivation in the Madras presidency\|last=Talboys-Wheeler\|first=James\|year=1862\|publisher=J. Higginbotham and Pharaoh and Co.\|ref=Cotton}} * {{cite book\|title=Being a History of the Presidency from the First Foundation of Fort St. George to the Occupation of Madras by the French (1639–1748)\|last=Talboys-Wheeler\|first=James\|year=1996\|publisher=Asian Educational Services\|isbn=8120605535\|ref=Madras in the Olden Time}} Baris 74 ⟶ 72: ;Publikasi lainnya * {{cite book\|title=The Aristocracy of South India\|first=Vadivelu\|last=A.\|publisher=Vest & Co.\|year=1903\|ref=Aristocracy of South India}} * {{cite book\|title=South India and her Muhammadan Invaders\|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.granth.88811\|last=Aiyangar\|first=Sakkottai Krishnaswami\|authorlink=S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar\|publisher=Oxford University\|year=1921\|ref=South India and her Muhammadan Invaders}} * {{cite book\|title=How India Wrought for freedom\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.201490\|last=Besant\|first=Annie\|pages=\|authorlink=Annie Besant\|year=1915\|publisher=Theosophical Publishing House\|location=Adyar, Madras\|id=\|ref=Annie_Besant}} * {{cite book\|title=The Indian Empire Souvenir\|last=Christophers\|first=S. R.\|year=1927\|publisher=Executive Committee of the Congress\|ref=Indian Empire Souvenir}} * {{cite book\|title=A Short history of Lanka\|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.7980\|last=Codrington\|first=Humphry William\|year=1926\|publisher=Macmillan & Co.\|ref=Codrington}} * {{cite book\|title=The history of the Indian revolt and of the expeditions to Persia, China, and Japan, 1856 – 7 – 8: With maps, plans, and wood engrav. [Umschlagt.:] Chambers"s history of the revolt in India\|last=Dodd\|first=George\|year=1859\|publisher=W. U. R. Chambers\|ref=Dodd}} * {{cite book\|title=Southern India\|first=Penny\|last=F. E.\|author2=Lady Lawley\|publisher=A. C. Black\|year=1914\|ref=Southern India}} * {{cite book\|title=Peeps at many lands: Home Life in India\|first=John\|last=Finnemore\|publisher=A. & C. Black, Ltd\|place=London\|year=1917\|ref=Home Life in India}} * {{cite book\|title=The Armies of India\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282979\|first=Major MacMunn\|last=G. F.\|author2=Major A. C. Lovett\|publisher=Adam and Charles Black\|pages=\|year=1911\|ref=Armies of India}} * {{cite book\|title=History of the Tamils from the Earliest Times to the Present Day\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.277107\|last= Iyengar\|first= P. T. Srinivasa\|authorlink= P. T. Srinivasa Iyengar\|year=1929\|publisher=\|location=\|ref=History of the Tamils}} * {{cite book\|title=Indian National Evolution\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.170555\|last= Mazumdar\|first= Amvika Charan\|authorlink=\|year=1917\|publisher=G. A. Natesan & Co.\|location=Madras\|ref=Mazumdar}} * {{cite book\|title=Madras, the Birth Place of British India: An Illustrated Guide with Map\|last=Newell\|first=Herbert Andrews\|year=1919\|publisher=The Madras Times Printing and Publishing\|ref=Newell}} * {{cite book\|title=Indian Students Geography\|url=https://archive.org/details/indianstudentsg00pirigoog\|publisher=Methodist Episcopal Church Press\|year=1883\|first=A. H.\|last=Pirie\|ref=Pirie}} * {{cite book\|title=Southern India: Its History, People, Commerce, and Industrial Resources\|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.venugopal.558\|last=Playne\|first=Somerset\|authorlink=\|author2=J. W. Bond\|author3=Arnold Wright\|publisher=\|year=1914\|ref=Somerset Playne}} * {{cite book\|last=Price\|first=Thomas\|ref=Price\|title=Slavery in America: With Notices of the Present State of Slavery and the Slave Trade Throughout the World\|year=1837\|publisher=Oxford University}} * {{cite book\|title=The Statesman's Yearbook 1950\|first=Steinberg\|last=S. H.\|year=1950\|publisher=Macmillan and Co\|location=London\|ref=Statesman}} Baris 100 ⟶ 98: * {{cite book\|title=Culture, creation, and procreation: concepts of kinship in South Asian practice\|ref=Böck\|first1=Monika\|last1= Böck\|first2= Aparna\|last2= Rao\|publisher=Berghahn Books\|year=2000\|ISBN=1-57181-911-8}} * {{cite book\|title=Slavery & South Asian History\|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Nsh8NHDQHlcC&pg=PA232&dq=madras+presidency+%2B+slavery+law&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_-DDUJ7OCYX88QTWnIHgAg&ved=0CEYQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=madras%20presidency%20%2B%20slavery%20law&f=false\|publisher=Indiana University Press\|isbn=0-253-34810-2\|year=2006\|first1=Indrani\|last1=Chatterjee\|first2=Richard Maxwell\|last2=Eaton\|ref=Chatterjee}} * {{cite book\|title=The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company: 1660–1760\|last= Chaudhuri\|first=K.N.\|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=9xt7Fgzq9e8C&pg=PA209&dq=east+india+company+%2B+bantam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0FS9UOvzJIfC9gS6-oCYDg&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=east%20india%20company%20%2B%20bantam&f=false\|year=2006\|publisher=Cambridge University Press\|isbn=9780521031592\|ref=Chaudhuri}} * {{cite book\|title=Mr Hopkins' Men: Cambridge Reform and British Mathematics in the 19th Century\|last=D. Craik\|first=Alex\|year=2007\|publisher=Springer\|id=SBN 1846287901, ISBN 978-1-84628-790-9\|ref=Craik}} * {{cite book\|title=The Growth of public opinion in the Madras Presidency (1858–1909)\|last=D.\|first= Sadasivan\|publisher=University of Madras\|year=1974\|ref=Sadasivan}} Baris 106 ⟶ 104: * {{cite book\|title=Social background of Indian nationalism\|first=A. R.\|last=Desai\|publisher=Popular Prakashan\|year=2005\|ISBN=81-7154-667-6\|ref=Desai}} * {{cite book\|first1= Romesh Chunder\|last1= Dutt\|authorlink=Romesh Chunder Dutt\|year=1999\|title= Open Letters to Lord Curzon on Famines and Land Assessments in India\|edition=\|publisher= Adamant Media Corporation\|location=\|isbn= 1-4021-5115-2\|ref=Romesh Chunder Dutt }} * {{cite book\|title=Regional Surveys of the world: Far East and Australasia 2003\|url=https://archive.org/details/fareastaustralas0000unse_y7m0\|last=Eur\|year=2002\|publisher=Psychology Press\|ISBN=9781857431339\|ref=Eur}} * {{cite book\|title=Rural Society in Southeast India\|last=Gough\|first=Kathleen\|authorlink=Kathleen Gough\|year=2008\|publisher=Cambridge University\|isbn=0-521-04019-1\|ref=Gough}} * {{cite book\|title=Queen Victoria: A Personal History\|url=https://archive.org/details/queenvictoriaper0000hibb\|first=Christopher\|last= Hibbert\|authorlink=Christopher Hibbert\|year=2000\|publisher=Harper Collins\|isbn=0-00-638843-4\|ref=Hibbert}} * {{cite book\|title=Mining the home movie: excavations in histories and memories\|ref=Ishizuka\|first1=Karen L.\|last1=Ishizuka\|first2= Patricia Rodden\|last2=Zimmermann\|publisher=California Press\|year=2008\|ISBN=0-520-23087-6}} * {{cite book\|last= Kamath\|first= Suryanath U.\|title= A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present\|origyear=1980\|year= 2001\|publisher= Jupiter books\|location= Bangalore\|oclc= 7796041\|lccn=80905179\|ref=Kamath}} * {{cite book\|title=Pop culture India: media, arts, and lifestyle\|url=https://archive.org/details/popcultureindiam0000kasb\|ref=Kasbekar\|first=Asha\|last= Kasbekar\|publisher=ABC-CLIO\|ISBN=1-85109-636-1\|year=2006}} * {{cite book\|title=Caste in Indian Politics\|url=https://archive.org/details/casteinindianpol0000unse_m1a8\|last=Kothari\|first=Rajni\|authorlink=Rajni Kothari\|year=2004\|pages=\|publisher=Orient Blackswan\|isbn=81-250-0637-0\|ref=Caste in Indian Politics}} * {{cite book\|first= Hermann\|last= Kulke\|authorlink=\|author2=Dietmar Rothermund\|year=2004\|title= A History of India\|url= https://archive.org/details/nlsiu.954.kul.1.31437\|edition=\|publisher= Routledge (UK)\|location=\|isbn= 0-415-32919-1\|ref=A History of India}} * {{cite book\|title=Land and Caste in South India: Agricultural Labor in the Madras Presidency During the Nineteenth Century\|last=Kumar\|first=Dharma\|publisher=CUP Archive\|place=\|year=1965\|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=psw5AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=madras+presidency+population&hl=en&sa=X&ei=LMy-UNfXJY-o8ATjt4HAAg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA\|ref=Kumar}} * {{cite book\|title=Motivation And Morale in Banking Administration: A Study Of Four Branches Of United Commercial Bank\|chapter=Historical Background of Banking System\|year=2003\|first=Naresh\|last= Kumar\|publisher=Mittal Publications\|ISBN=81-7099-897-2\|ref=Banking Administration}} Baris 129 ⟶ 127: \|year = 2001 \|place = New Delhi \|pages = \|isbn = 81-7022-801-8 \|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=bOjT3qffnMkC }} * {{cite book\|title=Mahāmanā Madan Mohan Malaviya: An Historical Biography\|last=Paramanand\|year=1985\|publisher=Malaviya Adhyayan Sansthan, Banaras Hindu University\|ref=Paramanand}} * {{cite book\|title=Economic History of Orissa\|last=Patnaik\|first=Nihar Ranjan\|year=1997\|publisher=Indus Publishing\|id=SBN 8173870756, ISBN 978-81-7387-075-0\|ref=Patnaik}} * {{cite book\|title=History\|first1=Raghunath\|last=Rai\|publisher=FK Publications\|isbn=9788187139690\|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Z4-8Z0gqBkoC&pg=PA91&dq=ryotwari+system&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QPErUdWpGpCQ8wSp7IHIDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=ryotwari%20system&f=false\|year=2011\|ref=Rai\|access-date=2015-08-06\|archive-date=2014-05-19\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519110654/http://books.google.com/books?id=Z4-8Z0gqBkoC&pg=PA91&dq=ryotwari+system&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QPErUdWpGpCQ8wSp7IHIDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=ryotwari%20system&f=false\|dead-url=yes}} * {{cite book\|title=Passions of the Tongue: Language Devotion in Tamil India, 1891-1970\|url=http://www.escholarship.org/editions/view?docId=ft5199n9v7&chunk.id=s1.4.21&toc.depth=1&toc.id=ch4&brand=ucpress\|last=Ramaswamy\|first=Sumathi\|year=1997\|publisher=University of California\|ref=Ramaswamy\|isbn=9780520918795}} * {{cite book\|first= Anthony \|last= Read\|authorlink=\|year=1997\|title= The Proudest Day – India's Long Ride to Independence\|edition=\|publisher= Jonathan Cape\|location= London\|isbn=0-393-31898-2\|ref=Read }} * {{cite book\|title=Encyclopaedia of violence against women and dowry death in India\|ref=Roy\|first=Kalpana\|last= Roy\|publisher=Anmol Publications Private Limited\|year=2002\|ISBN=81-261-0343-4}} * {{cite book\|title=East India Company the Worlds Most Powerful Company\|last=Roy\|first= Tirthankar\|page=\|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=yTnm_D8wsrwC&pg=P1&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1lO9UIufC4yC8QTvroCoAQ&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false\|year=2012\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=9780670085071\|ref=Roy}} * {{cite book\|title=G. Subramania Iyer\|first=Govindarajan\|last=S. A.\|year=1969\|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India\|ref=S.A.}} * {{cite book\|title=C. Rajagopalachari: Role in Freedom Movement\|first=Bakshi\|last=S. R.\|year=1991\|pages=\|publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD\|isbn=81-7041-433-4\|ref=Rajagopalachari}} Baris 145 ⟶ 143: * {{cite book\|title=The Emergence of Indian Nationalism: Competition and Collaboration in the Later Nineteenth Century\|last=Seal\|first=Anil\|year=1971\|publisher=CUP Archive\|isbn=0-521-09652-9\|ref=Seal}} * {{cite book\|title=The Regional Roots of Developmental Politics in India: A Divided Leviathan\|last=Sinha\|first=Aseema\|year=2005\|publisher=Indiana University Press\|isbn=0-253-21681-8\|ref=Sinha}} * {{cite book\|title=Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia\|url=https://archive.org/details/religionsocialco0000unse\|first=Bardwell L.\|last=Smith\|year=1976\|publisher=Brill\|isbn=9789004045101\|ref=Smith}} * {{cite book\|title=India: social structure\|first=Mysore Narasimhachar\|last= Srinivas\|publisher=Transaction Publishers\|year=1982\|isbn=9781412826198\|ref=Srinivas}} * {{cite book\|title=Cinemas of India\|url=https://archive.org/details/cinemasofindia0000thor\|page=\|first=Yves\|last= Thoraval\|publisher=Macmillan India\|year=2000\|ISBN=0-333-93410-5\|ref=Thoraval}} * {{cite book\|title=The Pearson CSAT Manual 2011\|last= Thorpe\|first= Edgar\|author2=Showick Thorpe\|author3=Thorpe Edgar\|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=WuBFs6yFRwcC&pg=RA1-PA94&dq=fort+st+george+headquarters&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6FG9UOeDCY2y9gTx4YDgBQ&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=fort%20st%20george%20headquarters&f=false\|publisher=Dorling Kindersly (India) Pvt. Ltd.\|year=2011\|isbn=978-81-317-5830-4\|ref=Thorpe}} * {{cite book\|title=Tribes of India – The Struggle for Survival\|last=von Fürer-Haimendorf\|first=Christoph\|year=1982\|publisher=University of California\|ref=Tribes of India}} * {{Cite book\|url=https://archive.org/details/multimedia-larga-1931233004\|title=Fuzzy and Neutrosophic Analysis of Periyar's Views on Untouchability\|year=2005\|publisher=Infinite Study\|last=W. B.\|first= Vasantha Kandasamy\|author2=F. Smarandache\|author3=K. Kandasamy\|author4=Florentin Smarandache\|isbn=9781931233002\|ref=W.B.}} * {{cite book\|title=The Nattukottai Chettiar Merchant Bankers in Ceylon\|publisher= Tisara Prakasakayo\|last=W. S.\|first=Weerasooriya\|year=1973\|ref=W.S.}} * {{cite book\|title=Faction and front: Party systems in South India\|edition=\|first=James\|last= Walch\|year=1976\|publisher= Young Asia Publications\|isbn=\|ref=Walch}} Baris 176 ⟶ 174: [[Kategori:Kolonial Kerala]] [[Kategori:Sejarah Odisha]] [[Kategori:Pendirian tahun 1652 ~~di India Britania~~]] [[Kategori:Pembubaran tahun 1950 ~~di India Britania~~]]