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'''Operasi Alsos''' atau '''Misi Alsos''' adalah upaya terarah dari tim gabungan kalangan militer, ilmiah dan intelijen [[Amerika Serikat]] untuk menyelidiki dan menghambat perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi di negara-negara musuhnya pada [[Perang Dunia II]]. Fokus utamanya adalah [[proyek senjata nuklir Jerman]], tetapi operasi ini juga menyelidiki pengembangan [[senjata kimia]] dan [[senjata biologi|biologi]] serta cara-cara penggunaan senjata tersebut.
Operasi ini dimulai setelah [[Invasi Italia oleh Sekutu]] pada September 1943 dengan tujuan ganda: mencari personel, catatan, bahan-bahan dan lokasi-lokasi untuk diselidiki serta mencegah jatuhnya sumber daya tersebut ke tangan [[Uni Soviet]]. Operasi ini diadakan sebagai bagian dari [[Proyek Manhattan]] yang bertugas mengoordinasikan informasi intelijen terkait aktivitas nuklir negara-negara [[Blok Poros]]. Anggota operasi Alsos bertugas dekat garis depan di [[Italia]], Perancis, dan Jerman, bahkan kadang menyusupi wilayah yang masih diduduki musuh untuk mengamankan berbagai sumber daya sebelum dapat dirusak atau jatuh ke tangan Soviet.
== Referensi ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Beck |first=Alfred M. |last2=Bortz |first2=Abe |last3=Lynch |first3=Charles |last4=Mayo |first4=Lida |last5=Weld |first5=Ralph F. |series=United States Army in World War II: The Technical Services |title=The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany |year=1985
* {{cite book | last = Bernstein | first = Jeremy | authorlink = Jeremy Bernstein | title = Hitler's Uranium Club: The Secret Recordings at Farm Hall | url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersuraniumcl00bern | year = 2001 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-95089-1 |oclc=932453089 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Goudsmit |first=Samuel A.|authorlink=Samuel Goudsmit |title=Alsos |publisher=Henry Schuman |year=1947 |location=New York |isbn=0-938228-09-9 |oclc=8805725 |ref=harv }} eBook version published by [http://plunkettlakepress.com/alsos.html Plunkett Lake Press] in 2017. {{ASIN|B075WCCQBN}}
* {{cite book | last = Garland | first = Albert N. | last2 = Smyth | first2 = Howard McGaw | title = Sicily and the Surrender of Italy | place = Washington D.C. | series = United States Army in World War II: The War in the Mediterranean | publisher = United States Army Center of Military History | year = 1965 | oclc = 396186 | url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/006/6-2-1/CMH_Pub_6-2-1.pdf | access-date = 20 December 2016 | ref = harv | archive-date = 2020-05-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200508215250/https://history.army.mil/html/books/006/6-2-1/CMH_Pub_6-2-1.pdf | dead-url = yes }}
* {{cite book |last=Groves|first=Leslie |authorlink=Leslie Groves |title=Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project |url=https://archive.org/details/nowitcanbetolds00grov|location=New York |publisher=Harper & Row |year=1962 |isbn=0-306-70738-1 |oclc=537684 |ref=harv }}▼
▲* {{cite book |last=Groves|first=Leslie |authorlink=Leslie Groves |title=Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project |location=New York |publisher=Harper & Row |year=1962 |isbn=0-306-70738-1 |oclc=537684 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Hinsley |first=F. H. |authorlink = Harry Hinsley |first2=E. E. |last2=Thomas |first3=C. A. G. |last3=Simkins |first4=C. F. G. |last4=Ransom |title=British Intelligence in the Second World War, Volume 3, Part 2: Its Influence on Strategy and Operations |year=1988 |publisher=HMSO |location=London |isbn=0-11-630940-7 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Home |first=R. W. |last2=Low |first2=Morris F. |title=Postwar Scientific Intelligence Missions to Japan |journal=Isis |volume= 84 |issue= 3 |date=September 1993 |pages=527–537 |publisher=University of Chicago Press on behalf of History of Science Society |jstor=235645 |ref=harv |doi=10.1086/356550 }}
* {{cite book |last=Jacobsen |first=Annie |author-link=Annie Jacobsen |title=Operation Paperclip: The Secret Intelligence Program that Brought Nazi Scientists to America |url=https://archive.org/details/operationpapercl0000jaco_i5a8 |location= New York |year=2015 |publisher=Little, Brown |isbn=978-0-316-27744-0 |oclc=931886431 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Jones |first=R . V. |authorlink=Reginald Victor Jones |title=Most Secret War |url=https://archive.org/details/mostsecretwar0000jone |publisher=Hamilton |location=London |oclc=3717534 |isbn=0-241-89746-7 |year=1978 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Jones |first=Vincent |title=Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb |publisher=United States Army Center of Military History |location=Washington, D.C. |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/011/11-10/CMH_Pub_11-10.pdf |accessdate=25 February 2012 |oclc=10913875 |year=1985 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007074359/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/011/11-10/CMH_Pub_11-10.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite thesis |last=Mahoney |first=Leo J. |title=A History of the War Department Scientific Intelligence Mission (ALSOS), 1943–1945 |degree=Ph.D. |publisher=Kent State University |year=1981 |oclc=223804966 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Pash |first=Boris |authorlink = Boris Pash |title=The Alsos Mission |location=New York|publisher=Charter Books |year=1969 |oclc=568716894 |ref=harv }}
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{{Manhattan Project}}
[[Kategori:Intelijen dalam Perang Dunia II]]
[[Kategori:Operasi intelijen Amerika Serikat]]
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