Orang Fula: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
→Demografi: Penambahan konten Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan |
k Etnik |
||
(23 revisi perantara oleh 6 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 5:
| popplace = [[Afrika Barat]] dan [[Afrika bagian tengah|Afrika Tengah]]
| region1 = {{flag|Nigeria}}
| pop1 = 15.400.000<ref>{{Cite web|url
| region2 = {{flag|Guinea}}
| pop2 = 5.070.160<ref name="CIA Guinea">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gv.html|title=The World Factbook (Guinea)|publisher=CIA|language=en|date=
| region3 = {{flag|Senegal}}
| pop3 = 3.182.300<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/senegal.htm |title=Ethnic groups of Senegal |publisher=Université Laval,QC, Canada |language=fr |date= |access-date=30 Agustus 2020 |archive-date=2016-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429071300/http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/senegal.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| region4 = {{flag|Mali}}
| pop4 = 2.870.000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ml.html
| region5 = {{flag|Kamerun}}
| pop5 = 2.344.000<ref name="Kays2011">{{cite book|first=Stanley J. |last=Kays |title=Cultivated Vegetables of the World: A Multilingual Onomasticon |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |year=2011 |page=747 |isbn=978-9086867202}}</ref>
| region6 = {{flag|Niger}}
| pop6 = 2.046.330<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ng.html
| region7 = {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| pop7 = 1.920.050<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uv.html
| region8 = {{flag|Mauritania}}
| pop8 = 916.113<ref>{{Cite web|url
| region10 = {{flag|Benin}}
| pop10 = 750.000<ref name="Kays2011"/>
| region11 = {{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
| pop11 = 410.560<ref name =Censo2009>{{cite web|url=http://www.stat-guinebissau.com/publicacao/caracteristicas_socio_cultural.pdf
| region12 = {{flag|Gambia}}
| pop12 = 420.206<ref name="2013Census">{{cite web |url=https://www.gbos.gov.gm/uploads/census/2013/Spatial-distribution-report_%20Final.pdf |title=2013 Population and Housing Census: Spatial Distribution |publisher=The Republic of The Gambia |last=National Population Commission Secretariat |langugae=en|date=April 30, 2005 |website=Gambia Bureau of Statistics |language=en|access-date=30 Agustus 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103134831/https://www.gbos.gov.gm/uploads/census/2013/Spatial-distribution-report_%20Final.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| region13 = {{flag|Pantai Gading}}
| pop13 = 479.000<ref>{{Cite web|url
| region14 = {{flag|Chad}}
| pop14 = 352.580<ref>{{Cite web|url
| region15 = {{flag|Afrika Tengah}}
| pop15 = 287.187<ref>{{Cite web|url
| region16 = {{flag|Sierra Leone}}
| pop16 = 266.581<ref name =Census2015>{{cite web|url=https://sierraleone.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf
| region17 = {{flag|Sudan}}
| pop17 = 211.000<ref>{{Cite web|url
| region18 = {{flag|Togo}}
| pop18 = 111.000<ref>{{Cite web|url =https://joshuaproject.net/countries/TO|title
| langs = [[Bahasa Fula|Fula]] • [[Bahasa Prancis|
| rels = '''Mayoritas'''<br />(+90%) [[Islam]]<ref name="Agama" /><br />'''Minoritas'''<br /> [[Agama tradisional Afrika]]/lainnya<ref name="Agama" />
| related = [[Wolof]] dan [[Serer]]
}}
Suku '''Fula''' atau '''Fulani''' atau '''Fulɓe''' ([[
Mendiami banyak negara, suku ini tersebar terutama di
==
Suku Fula tersebar di [[Afrika Barat]] dan bagian utara [[Afrika Tengah]], juga di [[Sudan Selatan]], [[Sudan]], dan daerah dekat pantai [[Laut Merah]]. Sebagian besar dari suku Fula — sepertiga, atau diperkirakan 12 sampai 13 juta<ref name="levinsonfula">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JcDMrQEACAAJ|title=Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Africa and the Middle East, Volume 9|author=David Levinson|publisher=Gale Group|year=1996|isbn=978-0-8161-1808-3|chapter=Fulani}}</ref> — adalah [[Pastoralisme| pastoralis]], dan kelompok etnis mereka memiliki komunitas penggembala [[Nomaden|nomaden]] terbesar di dunia.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Africa">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC|title=Encyclopedia of Africa|author1=Anthony Appiah|author2=Henry Louis Gates|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-19-533770-9|page=495}}</ref><ref name=levinsonladdi>{{cite book|author=David Levinson|title=Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Africa and the Middle East, Volume 9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JcDMrQEACAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Gale Group|isbn=978-0-8161-1808-3|chapter=Fulani}}</ref>{{efn|Fulani membentuk kelompok nomaden pastoral terbesar di dunia. Subsuku Bororo'en terkenal karena jumlah kawanan sapinya. Selain kelompok nomaden penuh, ada juga Fulani semi[[Sedentisme|sedentari]] — Fulɓe Laddi — yang juga bertani, meski mereka berdalih bahwa mereka melakukannya karena kebutuhan, bukan karena pilihan.}}▼
[[File:A distribution map of Fula people in Africa.jpg|thumb|Peta sebaran suku Fula. Hijau tua: kelompok etnis utama; Sedang: signifikan; Ringan: minoritas.<ref name="Juang2008p492">{{cite book|author=Richard M. Juang|title=Africa and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFrAOqfhuGYC&pg=PA492|year=2008|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-85109-441-7|page=492}}</ref><ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ml.html Mali: People & Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151110042640/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ml.html |date=2015-11-10 }}, [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uv.html Burkina Faso: People & Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906203318/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uv.html |date=2019-09-06 }}, [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gv.html Guinea: People & Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919074825/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook//geos/gv.html |date=2015-09-19 }}, [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sg.html Senegal: People & Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831041253/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sg.html |date=2020-08-31 }}, [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ng.html Niger: People & Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424124158/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ng.html |date=2020-04-24 }}, CIA Factbook (2015)</ref>]] Kecuali Guinea, yang di mana Fula merupakan kelompok etnis terbesar,<ref>{{CIA World Factbook link|gv|Guinea}}</ref> Fula di Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, dan Niger, adalah kelompok etnis yang signifikan, dan Fula menjadi minoritas di setiap negara lain yang mereka huni.
Suku Fula tersebar luas melintasi Sahel, dari pantai [[Samudera Atlantik|Atlantik]] hingga ke [[Laut Merah]], khususnya di Afrika Barat. Mereka tersebar di [[Mauritania]], [[Ghana]], [[Senegal]], [[Guinea]], [[Gambia]], [[Mali]], [[Nigeria]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Kamerun]], [[Pantai Gading]], [[Niger]], [[Cad]], [[Togo]], [[Sudan Selatan]], [[Republik Afrika Tengah]], [[Liberia]], dan sepanjang timur Laut Merah di [[Sudan]] dan [[Mesir]].
▲
[[File:Eleveurs Peuls.jpg|thumb|280px|[[Penggembala Fulani]] di wilayah gersang [[Gao, Mali|Gao]], [[Mali|Mali Utara]]]]
Sebagai kelompok etnis, mereka terikat oleh [[bahasa Fula]], baik sejarah<ref name="Juang2008p4922">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFrAOqfhuGYC&pg=PA492|title=Africa and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History|author=Richard M. Juang|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2008|isbn=978-1-85109-441-7|page=492|access-date=2020-08-30|archive-date=2023-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720102130/https://books.google.com/books?id=wFrAOqfhuGYC&pg=PA492|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Ndukwe1996p92">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnwGNU6uoBQC|title=Fulani|author=Pat Ikechukwu Ndukwe|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group|year=1996|isbn=978-0-8239-1982-6|pages=9–17}}</ref><ref name="Group2013852">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISAuAgAAQBAJ|title=Encyclopedia of African Peoples|author=D Group|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=978-1-135-96334-7|pages=85–88}}</ref> maupun budaya mereka. Lebih dari 90% Fula adalah [[
== Referensi ==
Baris 60 ⟶ 65:
{{notelist}}
== Pranala luar ==
*[http://www.ethnomusicologie.fr/wodaabe-loncke/index.html Geerewol] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208000549/https://ethnomusicologie.fr/wodaabe-loncke/index.html |date=2023-02-08 }}, oleh Sandrine Loncke (Situs web tentang perayaan ritual Woɗaaɓe, dengan rekaman musik beranotasi dan video pendek yang menampilkan rangkaian tarian dan ritualnya. Tambahan untuk [http://www.lcdpu.fr/livre/?GCOI=27000100070850 buku dari pengarang yang sama] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131092616/https://www.lcdpu.fr/livre/?GCOI=27000100070850 |date=2023-01-31 }})
*Arsip musik online yang didedikasikan untuk [http://archives.crem-cnrs.fr/archives/corpus/CNRSMH_Loncke_001/ Fulɓe Jelgooɓe (Burkina Faso)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131092555/https://archives.crem-cnrs.fr/archives/corpus/CNRSMH_Loncke_001/ |date=2023-01-31 }} dan musik juga lagu [http://archives.crem-cnrs.fr/archives/corpus/CNRSMH_Loncke_002/ Fulɓe Woɗaaɓe (Niger)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131092555/https://archives.crem-cnrs.fr/archives/corpus/CNRSMH_Loncke_002/ |date=2023-01-31 }} (Telemeta, CREM-CNRS)
{{Suku-stub}}
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Benin]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Nigeria]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Kelompok etnik di Sudan Selatan]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Togo]]
|