Druze: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Add 1 book for Wikipedia:Pemastian (20231209)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot |
k Etnik |
||
| (3 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 5:
* [[bahasa Inggris|Inggris]] (di [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Kanada]], dan [[Australia]]) }}}}
'''Druze''' atau '''Arab Druze''' ({{IPAc-en|'|d|r|uː|z}};<ref>{{cite web|date=2013-07-18|title=Definition of druze|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/druze|website=Dictionary.com|access-date=2019-08-26}}</ref> {{lang-ar|دَرْزِيٌّ}}, ''{{transl|ar|darzī}}'' atau {{Lang-ar|دُرْزِيٌّ}} ''{{transl|ar|durzī}}'', jamak {{lang|ar|دُرُوزٌ|rtl=yes}}, ''{{transl|ar|durūz}}'') adalah [[kelompok etnoreligius]] [[Esoterisme Barat|esoterik]] berbahasa Arab<ref name="dawn">{{cite book|last=Chatty|first=Dawn|date=2010-03-15|title=Displacement and Dispossession in the Modern Middle East|url=https://archive.org/details/displacementdisp0000chat|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-81792-9}}</ref><ref name="Harrison1">{{cite book|author=Simon Harrison|year=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B9-LF_Of_E8C&pg=PA121|title=Fracturing Resemblances: Identity and Mimetic Conflict in Melanesia and the West|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-57181-680-1|pages=121–}}</ref> dari [[Asia Barat]] yang menganut agama Druze, sebuah [[agama Abrahamik]], [[Monoteisme|monoteistik]], [[Sinkretisme|sinkretis]], dan [[Agama etnis|etnis]] berdasarkan ajaran [[Hamzah bin Ali bin Ahmad]] dan [[Filsafat Yunani Kuno|filsuf Yunani Kuno]] seperti [[Plato]], [[Aristoteles]], [[Pythagoras]], dan [[Zenon dari Kition]].<ref name="BritishLibrary">{{cite web|last=Abulafia|first=Anna Sapir|author-link=Anna Abulafia|date=23 September 2019|title=The Abrahamic religions|url=https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-abrahamic-religions|website=www.bl.uk|publisher=[[British Library]]|location=[[London]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200712150432/https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-abrahamic-religions|archive-date=12 July 2020|access-date=9 March 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="TheDruze">{{cite book|last=Obeid|first=Anis|year=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FejqBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT1|title=The Druze & Their Faith in Tawhid|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-5257-1|page=1}}</ref><ref name="Entrepreneurship and Religion">{{cite book|author1=Léo-Paul Dana|date=1 January 2010|title=Entrepreneurship and Religion|publisher=[[Edward Elgar Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-84980-632-9|page=314}}<!--|access-date=6 January 2015--></ref><ref name="Adams Media">{{cite book|author1=Terri Morrison|author2=Wayne A. Conaway|date=24 July 2006|url=https://archive.org/details/kissboworshakeha00morr_568|title=Kiss, Bow, Or Shake Hands: The Bestselling Guide to Doing Business in More Than 60 Countries|publisher=[[Adams Media]]|isbn=978-1-59337-368-9|edition=illustrated|page=[https://archive.org/details/kissboworshakeha00morr_568/page/n274 259]|url-access=limited}}<!--|access-date=6 January 2015--></ref> Penganutnya menyebut dirinya sebagai "Monoteis" atau "Unitarian" (''al-Muwaḥḥidūn'').<ref name="wendy">{{cite book|last=Doniger|first=Wendy|year=1999|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780877790440|title=Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions|publisher=Merriam-Webster, Inc.|isbn=978-0-87779-044-0|url-access=registration}}</ref>
Kitab sucinya adalah ''[[Rasail al-Hikmah]]'', menjadi sumber hukum dasar agama Druze.<ref name="Izzeddin1993">{{cite book|author=Nejla M. Abu Izzeddin|year=1993|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BprjrZzee5EC&pg=PA108|title=The Druzes: A New Study of their History, Faith, and Society|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-09705-6|page=108}}</ref> Druze berasal dari gabungan agama [[Ismailiyah|Syiah Ismailiyah]],<ref name="farhad">{{cite book|last=Daftary|first=Farhad|date=2013-12-02|title=A History of Shi'i Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofshiiisl0000daft|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85773-524-9}}</ref> [[Kekristenan]],<ref name="auto3">{{cite book|last=Quilliam|first=Neil|year=1999|title=Syria and the New World Order|url=https://archive.org/details/syrianewworldord0000quil|publisher=Michigan University press|isbn=9780863722493|page=[https://archive.org/details/syrianewworldord0000quil/page/42 42]}}</ref><ref name="auto8">{{cite book|year=1992|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia28ency|title=The New Encyclopaedia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|isbn=9780852295533|page=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia28ency/page/237 237]|quote=Druze religious beliefs developed out of Isma'ill teachings. Various Jewish, Christian, Gnostic, Neoplatonic, and Iranian elements, however, are combined under a doctrine of strict monotheism.|url-access=registration}}</ref> [[Gnostisisme]], [[Neoplatonisme]],<ref name="auto3" /><ref name="auto8" /> [[Zoroastrianisme]],<ref name="Hitti1928">{{cite book|author=Philip Khuri Hitti|year=1928|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYgvLf2GE8YC&pg=PT27|title=The Origins of the Druze People and Religion: With Extracts from Their Sacred Writings|publisher=Library of Alexandria|isbn=978-1-4655-4662-3|pages=27–}}</ref><ref name="Sālibī2005">{{cite book|author=Kamāl Sālibī|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4YWAQAAMAAJ|title=The Druze: realities & perceptions|publisher=Druze Heritage Foundation|isbn=978-1-904850-06-9|pages=186 190}}</ref> [[Agama Buddha|Buddha]],<ref name="Conder2018">{{cite book|author=Claude Reignier Conder|date=20 September 2018|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BStwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA80|title=Palestine|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=978-3-7340-3986-7|pages=80–}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|year=1989|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rG1tAAAAMAAJ|title=Al-Rāfidān|publisher=Kokushikan Daigaku, Iraku Kodai Bunka Kenkyūjo|pages=2–}}</ref> [[Agama Hindu|Hindu]], [[Pythagoreanisme]],<ref name="Rosenthal 2003 296">{{cite book|last=Rosenthal|first=Donna|year=2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b-w6GfokajcC&pg=PA296|title=The Israelis: Ordinary People in an Extraordinary Land|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-0-684-86972-8|page=296}}</ref><ref name="kamlesh">{{cite book|last=Kapur|first=Kamlesh|year=2010|title=History of Ancient India|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=978-81-207-4910-8}}</ref> dan filsafat dan keyakinan lainnya, sehingga menciptakan teologi yang berbeda dan rahasia berdasarkan interpretasi esoterik kitab suci, yang menekankan peran pikiran dan kebenaran.<ref name="wendy" /><ref name="kamlesh" /> Penganut Druze meyakini [[teofani]] dan [[reinkarnasi]].{{Sfn|Nisan|2002|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=keD9z1XWuNwC&pg=PA98 95]}} Druze meyakini bahwa pada akhir siklus kelahiran kembali, yang dicapai melalui reinkarnasi, jiwa akan bersatu dengan pemikiran kosmis (''{{lang|ae-Latn|al-ʻaql al-kullī}}'').<ref name="Druze">{{cite web|date=2015|title=Druze|url=http://www.druze.org.au/religion/|publisher=druze.org.au|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214100847/http://www.druze.org.au/religion/|archive-date=14 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Baris 27:
[[Berkas:Constantinople(1878)-Druse_woman.png|jmpl|100px|Seorang perempuan Druze di [[Istanbul]] pada masa [[Kekaisaran Ottoman]].]]
Agama ini berkembang dari [[Syi'ah]] [[Ismailiyah]], sebuah gerakan filsafat yang didasarkan pada [[Bani Fatimiyah]], pada [[abad ke-10]]
Ada dua pelaku utama pada tahun-tahun permulaannya: Penguasa Fātimiyah yang saleh ''Tariqu l-Ḥakīm'' (985–1021)--juga dikenal sebagai [[Al-hakim]] atau ''[[al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah|al-Ḥakīm bi-ˤAmru l-Lāh]]'' ("Pemimpin di dalam Nama Allah")--adalah seorang kalifah Ismaili dari Mesir yang dipercayai oleh sebagian orang sebagai benar-benar penjelmaan Allah. Imigran Persia [[Hamza ibn-'Ali ibn-Ahmad|Hamza ibn ˤAlī ibn Aḥmad]] adalah arsitek utama gerakan ini. [[Imam Syiah|Imām]] Ḥamza inilah yang pertama-tama secara terbuka mengumumkan bahwa Ḥakīm lebih daripada seorang manusia biasa.
Baris 137:
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Suriah]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Lebanon]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Gnostisisme]]
[[Kategori:Hermetisisme]]
Baris 145:
[[Kategori:Filsafat Pythagoras]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa di Timur Tengah]]
[[Kategori:Agama
| |||