Covid-19: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Penyangkalan medis}}

{{Infobox medical condition (new)

| name = Penyakit koronavirus 2019

Infeksi menyebar dari satu orang ke orang lain melalui [[percikan pernapasan]] dari saluran pernapasan yang sering dihasilkan saat batuk atau bersin.<ref name="WHO-q-a"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2Fabout%2Ftransmission.html |website=Pusat Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Penyakit |access-date=24 Februari 2020 |language=en-us |date=11 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223224330/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2Fabout%2Ftransmission.html |archive-date=23 Februari 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> Waktu dari paparan virus hingga timbulnya gejala klinis berkisar antara 1–14 hari dengan rata-rata 5 hari.<ref name="WHO-q-a"/><ref name="CDC symptoms">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html|title=Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)|date=29 Februari 2020|website=[[Pusat Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Penyakit]] (CDC)|access-date=4 Maret 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304033218/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html|archive-date=4 Maret 2020|url-status=live|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="LaiShih2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR | title = Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges | journal = International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents | pages = 105924 | date = February 2020 | pmid = 32081636 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Velavan|first=Thirumalaisamy P.|last2=Meyer|first2=Christian G.|title=The COVID-19 epidemic|journal=Tropical Medicine & International Health|language=en|volume=n/a|issue=n/a|pages=278–280|doi=10.1111/tmi.13383|pmid=32052514|issn=1365-3156|year=2020}}</ref> Metode standar diagnosis adalah uji [[reaksi berantai polimerase]] transkripsi-balik (rRT-PCR) dari [[usap nasofaring]] atau sampel [[dahak]] dengan hasil dalam beberapa jam hingga 2 hari. Pemeriksaan antibodi dari sampel [[serum darah]] juga dapat digunakan dengan hasil dalam beberapa hari.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/singapore-claims-first-use-antibody-test-track-coronavirus-infections|title=Singapore claims first use of antibody test to track coronavirus infections|last=Normile|first=Dennis|last2=2020|date=27 Februari 2020|website=Science {{!}} AAAS|language=en|access-date=2 Maret 2020|last3=Pm|first3=4:30}}</ref> Infeksi juga dapat didiagnosis dari kombinasi gejala, faktor risiko, dan pemindaian [[tomografi terkomputasi]] pada dada yang menunjukkan gejala pneumonia.<ref name="diagtreat">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jin YH, Cai L, Cheng ZS, Cheng H, Deng T, Fan YP, Fang C, Huang D, Huang LQ, Huang Q, Han Y, Hu B, Hu F, Li BH, Li YR, Liang K, Lin LK, Luo LS, Ma J, Ma LL, Peng ZY, Pan YB, Pan ZY, Ren XQ, Sun HM, Wang Y, Wang YY, Weng H, Wei CJ, Wu DF, Xia J, Xiong Y, Xu HB, Yao XM, Yuan YF, Ye TS, Zhang XC, Zhang YW, Zhang YG, Zhang HM, Zhao Y, Zhao MJ, Zi H, Zeng XT, Wang YY, Wang XH | display-authors = 6 | title = A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version) | journal = Military Medical Research | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 4 | date = February 2020 | pmid = 32029004 | pmc = 7003341 | doi = 10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6 }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/02/200226151951.htm|title=CT provides best diagnosis for COVID-19|last=|first=|date=26 Februari 2020|website=ScienceDaily|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2 Maret 2020}}</ref>

 

 

== Tanda dan gejala ==

Orang-orang yang terinfeksi mungkin memiliki [[simtom|gejala]] ringan, seperti demam, batuk, dan kesulitan bernapas.<ref name="CDC2020Sym"/><ref name=":2">{{cite journal|last=Chen|first=Nanshan|last2=Zhou|first2=Min|last3=Dong|first3=Xuan|last4=Qu|first4=Jieming|last5=Gong|first5=Fengyun|last6=Han|first6=Yang|last7=Qiu|first7=Yang|last8=Wang|first8=Jingli|last9=Liu|first9=Ying|last10=Wei|first10=Yuan|last11=Xia|first11=Jia'an| title = Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study | language = English | journal = Lancet | volume = 395 | issue = 10223 | pages = 507–513 | date = Februari 2020 | pmid = 32007143 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7 | url = https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30211-7/abstract }}</ref><ref name="Hessen27Jan2020">{{Cite web |url=https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center |title=Novel Coronavirus Information Center: Expert guidance and commentary |last=Hessen |first=Margaret Trexler |date=27 Januari 2020 |website=Elsevier Connect |url-status=live |access-date=31 Januari 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171622/https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center |archive-date=30 Januari 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Pada beberapa kejadian juga ditemukan penderita Covid19 bersifat [[asimtomatik]]. Gejala [[diare]] atau [[infeksi saluran napas atas]] (misalnya bersin, [[pilek]], dan sakit tenggorokan) lebih jarang ditemukan.<ref name="Huang24Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Huang|first=Chaolin|last2=Wang|first2=Yeming|last3=Li|first3=Xingwang|last4=Ren|first4=Lili|last5=Zhao|first5=Jianping|last6=Hu|first6=Yi|last7=Zhang|first7=Li|last8=Fan|first8=Guohui|last9=Xu|first9=Jiuyang|last10=Gu|first10=Xiaoying|last11=Cheng|first11=Zhenshun|date=24 Januari 2020|language=en|title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China|journal=Lancet|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5|issn=0140-6736|pmid=31986264}}</ref> Kasus dapat berkembang menjadi [[pneumonia]] berat, kegagalan multiorgan, dan kematian.<ref name="Hui14Jan2020" /><ref name="WHO-q-a"/>

 

 

=== Jalur penyakit dan komplikasi ===