Imamah: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Zaranggi (bicara | kontrib)
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler
k Membatalkan 1 suntingan oleh Julius reimar siregar (bicara) ke revisi terakhir oleh RaFaDa20631(Tw)
Tag: Pembatalan
 
(28 revisi perantara oleh 13 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
<ref>{{cite journal |doi=https://doi.org/10.33474/multikultural.v7i2.20287}}</ref>{{Syi'ah}}
:''Artikel ini merupakan terminologi Imam dalam Islam [[Syi'ah]]. untuk terminologi yang lebih umum lihat [[Imam]].
{{for|terminologi yang lebih umum lihat|Imam}}
'''Imamah''' ([[Bahasa Arab]]:<big><big>إمام</big></big>) adalah sebuah terminologi Islam Syi'ah yang berarti Kepemimpinan. Dalam islam [[Sunni]] dapat disamakan dengan [[Khalifah]].
 
'''Imamah''' ({{lang-ar|إمامة}}) adalah doktrin yang menekankan bahwa anggota tertentu dari garis keturunan Nabi [[Muhammad]] berasal dari Tuhan sebagai pemimpin spiritual dan politik dan pemandu umat Islam setelah kematian Muhammad. Imamah lebih lanjut mengatakan bahwa para imam memiliki pengetahuan dan otoritas ([[ismat]]) ilahi serta menjadi bagian dari [[Ahlul Bait]], keluarga Muhammad.<ref name="Vali reza">{{harvnb|Nasr|2006|p=38}}</ref>
 
Syiah, mengutip [[Al-Qur'an]] dan hadits, percaya akan kebutuhan akan seorang Imam dalam masyarakat. Imamah dalam [[bahasa Arab]] berarti "pemimpin".<ref>Sayyid Morteza Askari, [https://noorlib.ir/book/view/16135?viewType=pdf Welayat-e-Ali in the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet.] Munir Cultural Publishing Center.</ref>
 
== Pendahuluan ==
AgamaIslam [[Syi'ah]] percaya bahwa dalam setiap zaman terdapat seorang pemimpin yang disebut dengan [[Imam Zaman]] yang merupakan [[Wali]] untuk seluruh syiah.
 
Dalam agamaIslam Syi'ah terdapat beberapa sekte yang berbeda dalam jumlah Imam atau jalur suksesi. Isu tentang siapa Imam sebenarnya menjadi isu utama yang mengakibatkan pembagian sekte termasuk [[Dua Belas Imam|Imamiyah]] (Dua Belas Imam), [[Ismailiyah]] (Tujuh Imam), [[Zaidiyah]] (Lima Imam), dan lainnya. Tetapi penganut yang terbesar adalah [[Dua Belas Imam|Imamiyah]].
 
=== Silsilah Imam ===
Baris 14 ⟶ 18:
{{Main|Dua Belas Imam}}
 
ImamiahImamiyah merupakan kelompok mayoritas dalam agamaIslam Syi'ah, disebut juga Itsna AsyariahAsyariyah karena jumlah imam mereka adalah dua belas orang, berikut ini merupakan daftar Imam. Setiap Imam merupakan anak dari Imam sebelumnya kecuali [[Husain bin Ali]], yang merupakan saudara dari [[Hasan bin Ali]].
 
# [[Ali bin Abi Thalib]] ([[600]]–[[661]]), juga dikenal dengan ''Amirul MukmininMu'kminin''
# [[Hasan bin Ali]] ([[625]]–[[669]]), juga dikenal dengan ''Hasan al-Mujtaba''
# [[Husain bin Ali]] ([[626]]–[[680]]), juga dikenal dengan ''Husain asy-Syahid''
Baris 52 ⟶ 56:
 
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Imam (Islam)]]
* [[Syi'ah]]
* [[ImamiahDua Belas Imam]]
* [[Hadits Dua Belas Penerus]]
* [[Ismailiyah]]
 
* [[Zaidiyah]]
== Catatan kaki ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Rujukan ==
* {{cite book |last1=al-Shaykh al-Saduq |author-link=Ibn Babawayh |year=2006 |title=Uyun Akhbar Al-Reza: The Source of Traditions on Imam Reza (a.s.) Vol. 2 |url=http://www.maaref-foundation.com/english/library/hadith/uyun_akhbar_al_reza/ |publisher=Ansariyan Publications |location=Qomindex.htm |page=194 }}
* {{cite book |last=Al-Tabataba'i |first=Muhammad H. |year=1977 |title=Shi'ite Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Be5DeNM8d1EC&pg=PA258 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-87395-390-0 }}
* {{cite book |last=al-Tijani al-Samawi |first=Muhammad |title=To Be with the Truthful |url=http://www.al-islam.org/be-truthful-muhammad-al-tijani-al-samawi/belief-imamate-both-sects#1-imamate-holy-qur’ān }}
* {{cite book |last=Amir-Moezzi |first=Mohammad Ali |date=27 September 1994 |title=The Divine Guide in Early Shi'ism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4g6Od9f1rFAC&pg=PA115 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-7914-2122-2 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Amir-Moezzi |first=Mohammad Ali |year=2005 |title=Shiʿite Doctrine |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica |access-date=2014-07-07 |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shiite-doctrine }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Amir-Moezzi |first=Mohammad Ali |year=2007 |title=Islam in Iran vii. The Concept of Mahdi in Twelver Shiʿism |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/islam-in-iran-vii-the-concept-of-mahdi-in-twelver-shiism }}
* {{cite book |last=Amir-Moezzi |first=Mohammad Ali |date=15 February 2011 |title=The Spirituality of Shi'i Islam: Belief and Practices |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZadmgNbs91sC&pg=PA206 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-738-2 }}
* {{cite book |last=Ayoub |first=Mahmoud |author-link=Mahmoud M. Ayoub |year=1984 |title=The Qur'an and Its Interpreters, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sIXpFtvp2JYC&pg=PA156 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-87395-727-4 }}
* {{cite book |last=Chittick |first=William C. |year=1980|title=A Shi'ite Anthology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMnFZOHkurcC&pg=PA138 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-87395-510-2 }}
* {{cite book |last=Corbin |first=Henry |author-link=Henry Corbin |year=1993 |title=History of Islamic Philosophy |translator=Liadain Sherrard and [[Philip Sherrard]] |location=London |publisher=Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies |isbn=0-7103-0416-1 }}
* {{cite book |last=Dungersi |first=Mohammed Raza |title=A Brief Biography of Imam Hasan bin Ali (a.s.): al-Askari |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P1RkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania |id=GGKEY:NT86H2HXN40 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]] |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |publisher=Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University |isbn=1-56859-050-4 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa |year=2004 |publisher=Gale Group |isbn=978-0-02-865769-1 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Halm |first=H |year=1987 |title=ʿAskarī |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/askari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Kohlberg |first=E. |last2=Poonawala |first2=I. K. |year=1985 |title=ʿAli B. Abi Ṭāleb |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-abi-taleb |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica |access-date=2014-07-07 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Martin |first=Richard C. |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam and the Muslim world; vol. 1 |publisher=MacMillan |isbn=0-02-865604-0 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Madelung |first1=Wilferd |author-link1=Wilferd Madelung |last2=Daftary |first2=Farhad |author-link2=Farhad Daftary |last3=Meri |first3=Josef W. |author-link3=Josef W. Meri |year=2003 |title=Culture and Memory in Medieval Islam: Essays in Honor of Wilferd Madelung |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YxqxdJGMkx8C&pg=PA338 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-86064-859-5 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |date=1985a |title='Alī Al-Hādī |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-hadi-abul-hasan-b }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |date=1985b |title=ʿAlī Al-Reżā |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-reza }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |year=1985c |title=ʿAlī Al-Reżā |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-al-reza |access-date=2007-11-09 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |year=1988 |title=Al-Baqer, Abu Jafar Mohammad |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica|access-date=2007-11-08 |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baqer-abu-jafar-mohammad }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |year=2003 |title=Hasan ibn Ali |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/hasan-b-ali }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |author-link=Wilferd Madelung |date=2004 |title=Ḥosayn B. ʿAli i. Life AND Significance IN Shiʿism |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/hosayn-b-ali-i }}
* {{cite book |last=Mashita |first=Hiroyuki |year=2002 |title=Theology, ethics and metaphysics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ItWsAgAAQBAJ |publisher=RoutledgeCurzon |location=London |isbn=9780700716708 }}
* {{cite book |last=Momen |first=Moojan |year=1985 |title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelve |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=0-300-03531-4 }}
* {{cite book |last=Motahhari |first=Morteza |author-link=Morteza Motahhari |title=Master and Mastership |publisher=Islamic Seminary Publications |asin=B0006E4J0C }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Hossein |author-link=Seyyed Hossein Nasr |year=2007 |title=Ali |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali }}
* {{cite book |last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Hossein |author-link=Hossein Nasr |date=2013 |title=Islamic Spirituality: Foundations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ncz9AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA61 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-53895-9 }}
* {{cite book |last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Vali Reza |year=2006 |title=The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future |url=https://archive.org/details/shiarevivalhowco00nasr |edition=1st |location=New York |publisher=Norton |isbn=0-393-06211-2 |url-access=registration }}
* {{cite book |last=Qurashi |first=Baqir Sharif |year=1999 |title=The Life of Imam Muhammad ibn 'Ali al-Baqir |url=http://maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam05_baqir/imam_baqir/index.htm |publisher=Ansariyan Publications |isbn=9644380444 }}
* {{cite book |last=Qurashi |first=Baqir Shareef |year=2005|title=The Life of Imam Muhammad Al-Jawad |url=http://maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam09_jawad/the_life_of_imam_jawad/index.htm |publisher=Ansariyan Publications |location=Qom }}
* {{cite book |last=Qurashi |first=Baqir Sharif |year=2007 |title=The Life of Imām Zayn al ‘Abidin (A.S.) |url=http://maaref-foundation.com/english/library/pro_ahl/imam04_sajjad/zayn_al_abidin/index.htm |publisher=Ansariyan Publications |isbn=978-9644381652 }}
* {{cite book |last=Rizvi |first=Sayyid Saeed Akhtar |author-link=Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi |year=1988 |title=Imamate: The Vicegerency of the Holy Prophet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0f2qAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA49 |publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania |isbn=978-9976-956-13-9 }}
* {{cite book |last=Sachedina |first=Abdulaziz Abdulhussein |author-link=Abdulaziz Sachedina |title=The Just Ruler (al-sultān Al-ʻādil) in Shīʻite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence |publisher=Oxford University Press US |year=1988 |isbn=0-19-511915-0 }}
* {{cite book |last=Tabatabai |first=Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn |author-link=Allameh Tabatabaei |year=1975 |title=Shi'ite Islam |translator=[[Seyyed Hossein Nasr|Sayyid Hossein Nasr]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Be5DeNM8d1EC&pg=PA258 |publisher=State University of New York Press |isbn=0-87395-390-8 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Tabataba'i |first1=Muhammad Husayn |date=2008 |title=Islamic Teachings in Brief |location=Qum |publisher=Ansariyan |url=http://www.al-islam.org/islamic-teachings-in-brief-allamah-tabatabai}}
 
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.shiacode.com/ The Shia Islamic Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825161911/http://www.shiacode.com/ |date=2019-08-25 }} (shiacode.com)
* [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/index.html Graphical illustration of the Shia sects] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041025093409/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/index.html |date=2004-10-25 }}
* [http://www.amaana.org/history/history1.htm History of Imams from the "Aga Khani" point of view]
* [http://al-islam.org/twelve/7.htm Twelve Successors]
* [http://www.ummah.net/Al_adaab/ahlibayt/imamate.html Imamah in Sunni Islam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624022630/http://www.ummah.net/Al_adaab/ahlibayt/imamate.html |date=2011-06-24 }}
 
[[Kategori:Pemimpin agama Islam]]
[[Kategori:Syi'ahSyiah]]
[[Kategori:Imam Syiah]]