TSMC: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited''' ('''TSMC'''; {{lang-zh|t=台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司|c=|s=|p=Táiwān jī tǐ diànlù zhìzào gǔfèn yǒuxiàn gōngsī}}, juga disebut sebagai '''Taiwan Semiconductor''')<ref>{{Cite web |author=Zacks Equity Research |date=13 April 2021 |title=What's in Store for Taiwan Semiconductor's (TSM) Q1 Earnings? |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/whats-store-taiwan-semiconductors-tsm-113811337.html |access-date=2021-04-17 |website=Yahoo! Finance |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=The Value Portfolio |date=2021-04-16 |title=Taiwan Semiconductor Stock: Great Company, But Valuation Too High (NYSE:TSM) |url=https://seekingalpha.com/article/4419429-taiwan-semiconductor-is-great-company-too-high-of-valuation |access-date=2021-04-17 |website=SeekingAlpha |language=en}}</ref> adalah sebuah perancang dan produsen semikonduktor berbasis kontrak [[perusahaan multinasional|multinasional]] asal [[Taiwan]]. TSMC adalah salah satu perusahaan terbesar di Taiwan,<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 April 2020 |title=Taiwan chipmaker TSMC's earnings soar 91%, Companies & Markets News & Top Stories |work=The Straits Times |agency=Bloomberg |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/business/companies-markets/taiwan-chipmaker-tsmcs-earnings-soar-91}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Strong |first=Matthew |date=24 March 2020 |title=Taiwan chip giant TSMC wants 30,000 employees to work from home |work=Taiwan News |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3903344}}</ref> produsen semikonduktor paling berharga di dunia,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nellis |first=Stephen |last2=Shepardson |first2=David |date=15 May 2020 |title=Taiwan's TSMC to build Arizona chip plant as U.S.-China tech rivalry escalates |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-semiconductors-tsmc/taiwan-semiconductor-to-announce-plans-for-us-factory-source-idUSKBN22Q38T}}</ref> dan produsen semikonduktor independen terdedikasi terbesar di dunia,<ref>{{cite news |title=Advanced Technology Key to Strong Foundry Revenue per Wafer |url=http://www.icinsights.com/news/bulletins/advanced-technology-key-to-strong-foundry-revenue-per-wafer/ |access-date=14 July 2019 |work=IC Insights |date=12 October 2018}}</ref> dengan kantor pusat dan pabrik utamanya terletak di [[Hsinchu Science Park]] [[Hsinchu]], Taiwan. Mayoritas saham perusahaan ini dipegang oleh [[investor]] dari luar Taiwan.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 March 2016 |title=TSMC becomes safe haven for foreign investors; market cap hits high |work=Taiwan News |agency=Central News Agency |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/2896622 |access-date=2021-04-17 |archive-date=2022-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326110547/https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/2896622 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
Didirikan di Taiwan pada tahun 1987 oleh [[Morris Chang]], TSMC adalah produsen semikonduktor terdedikasi pertama di dunia dan telah lama menjadi pemimpin di bidangnya.<ref name="profile">{{Cite web |title= Company Info |url=http://www.tsmc.com/english/aboutTSMC/company_profile.htm |access-date=20 December 2010 |publisher=TSMC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=D&R Foundry Corner - TSMC |url=http://www.design-reuse.com/foundry/technology/?prov=20 |access-date=18 May 2014 |publisher=Design & Reuse}}</ref> Saat Chang pensiun pada tahun 2018, [[Mark Liu]] ditunjuk menjadi Chairman dan C. C. Wei ditunjuk menjadi CEO.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jennings|first=Ralph|title=How Taiwan Chipmaker TSMC Will Prosper For 5 More Years Without Its Iconic Founder|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ralphjennings/2018/06/10/how-taiwan-chipmaker-tsmc-will-prosper-for-5-more-years-without-its-iconic-founder/|access-date=9 July 2020|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Horwitz|first=Josh|title=After spawning a $100 billion industry, Taiwan's "godfather" of computer chips is retiring|url=https://qz.com/1294385/morris-chang-retires-from-taiwans-tsmc-as-computer-chips-godfather/|access-date=9 July 2020|website=Quartz|language=en}}</ref> Perusahaan ini telah melantai di [[Bursa Saham Taiwan]] (TWSE: 2330) sejak tahun 1993. Pada tahun 1997, TSMC menjadi perusahaan asal Taiwan pertama yang melantai di [[Bursa Saham New York]] (NYSE: TSM). Sejak tahun 1994, TSMC mencatatkan [[CAGR]] sebesar 17,4% dalam hal pendapatan dan CAGR sebesar 16,1% dalam hal laba.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=11 March|first1=Tim Phillips {{!}}|last2=TSM|first2=2020 {{!}} More on|date=11 March 2020|title=Forget China Mobile. Buy This Stock to Play the 5G and AI Supercycle|url=https://www.fool.hk/en/2020/03/11/forget-china-mobile-buy-this-stock-to-play-the-5g-and-ai-supercycle/|access-date=9 July 2020|website=The Motley Fool Hong Kong|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805074803/https://www.fool.hk/en/2020/03/11/forget-china-mobile-buy-this-stock-to-play-the-5g-and-ai-supercycle/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
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Pada bulan Oktober 2014, [[ARM Holdings|ARM]] dan TSMC mengumumkan perjanjian tahun jamak untuk mengembangkan prosesor [[Multigate device#FinFET|FinFET]] 10 nm berbasis ARM.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Collins |first=Mark |date=8 October 2014 |title=ARM Partnered With TSMC For 10nm FinFET Processors |url=http://gsminsider.com/2014/10/arm-partnered-tsmc-10nm-finfet-processors/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013181149/http://gsminsider.com/2014/10/arm-partnered-tsmc-10nm-finfet-processors/ |archive-date=13 October 2014 |publisher=GSM Insider |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
Pada tahun 2020, TSMC mencatatkan [[laba bersih]] sebesar US$17,60 milyar dari pendapatan sebesar US$45,51 milyar, masing-masing naik sebesar 57,5% dan 31,4% dari laba bersih sebesar US$11,18 milyar dari pendapatan sebesar US$34,63 milyar pada tahun 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Annual Reports |url=https://investor.tsmc.com/english/annual-reports |access-date=2021-05-01 |website=TSMC |language=en |archive-date=2021-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420043720/https://investor.tsmc.com/english/annual-reports |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
[[Kapitalisasi pasar]] TSMC mencapai lebih dari $550 milyar pada bulan April 2021.
Pendapatan TSMC pada kuartal pertama tahun 2020 mencapai US$10 milyar,<ref>{{cite web | last=Lee | first=Yimou | title=TSMC Q1 profit almost doubles but trims full-year revenue estimate on pandemic | website=U.S. | date=16 April 2020 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tsmc-results-idUSKCN21Y0IN | access-date=15 May 2020}}</ref> sementara kapitalisasi pasarnya mencapai US$254 milyar.<ref name="TSM-YahooFinance">{{Cite web |title=Taiwan Semiconductor Manufactur (TSM) Stock Price, Quote, History & News - Yahoo Finance |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/TSM |access-date=15 May 2020 |publisher=Finance.yahoo.com}}</ref> Kapitalisasi pasar TSMC hanya NT$1,9 triliun (US$63,4 milyar) pada bulan Desember 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://business.asiaone.com/Business/News/Story/A1Story20101221-253866.html|title=Market capitalization of TSMC reaches a historic high: CEO|publisher=AsiaOne Business|date=21 December 2010|access-date=20 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728182630/http://business.asiaone.com/Business/News/Story/A1Story20101221-253866.html|archive-date=28 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Perusahaan ini menempati peringkat ke-70 dalam daftar [[FT Global 500]] tahun 2013, dengan kapitalisasi pasar sebesar US$86,7 milyar,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/indepth/ft500 |title=FT 500 2013 |publisher=Financial Times |access-date=18 May 2014}}</ref> dan mencapai US$110 milyar pada bulan Mei 2014.<ref name="TSM-YahooFinance" /> Pada bulan Maret 2017, untuk pertama kalinya, kapitalisasi pasar TSMC menyalip kapitalisasi pasar [[Intel]], yakni sebesar NT$5,14 triliun (US$168,4 milyar), sementara Intel hanya US$165,7 milyar.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/gadfly/articles/2017-03-22/chipzilla-intel-toppled-by-taiwan-s-supplier-to-the-stars|title=Chipzilla Got Toppled|last=Culpan|first=Tim|date=22 March 2017|work=Bloomberg Gadfly|access-date=22 March 2017}}</ref> Pada tanggal 27 Juni 2020, TSMC sempat menjadi perusahaan paling berharga kesepuluh di dunia, dengan kapitalisasi pasar sebesar US$410 milyar.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wu |first=Debby |date=2020-07-28 |title=TSMC Pares Gains After $72 Billion Surge to Start the Week |language=en |work=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-28/tsmc-among-world-s-top-10-biggest-stocks-after-72-billion-surge}}</ref>
Pada bulan Juli 2020, TSMC mengkonfirmasi bahwa mereka akan menghentikan pengiriman wafer [[silikon]] ke [[Huawei]] dan anak usahanya, [[HiSilicon]] mulai tanggal 14 September 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=TSMC plans to halt chip supplies to Huawei in 2 months|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Huawei-crackdown/TSMC-plans-to-halt-chip-supplies-to-Huawei-in-2-months|access-date=2020-08-09|website=Nikkei Asian Review|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Frumusanu|first=Andrei|title=TSMC Confirms Halt to Huawei Shipments In September|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15915/tsmc-confirms-halt-to-huawei-shipments-in-september|access-date=2020-08-09|website=www.anandtech.com}}</ref>
== Teknologi ==
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