Detonator: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Penggunaan bahan peledak secara komersial menggunakan detonator [[elektrik]] yang telah disambung pada detonator biasa. Banyak bahan peledak primer detonator adalah bahan yang disebut senyawa ASA. Senyawa ini dibentuk dari timbal azida, styphnate timbal dan aluminium dan ditekan ke tempatnya di atas muatan dasar, biasanya TNT atau tetryl di detonator militer dan PETN di detonator komersial.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Watson|first1= William |date=1744|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/204890#page/639/mode/1up |title=Experiments and observations tending to illustrate the nature and properties of electricity|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London|volume=43|pages= 481–501|doi=10.1098/rstl.1744.0094|doi-access=free}} [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/204890#page/658/mode/1up From p. 500:] "But I can, at pleasure, fire gunpowder, and even discharge a musket, by the power of electricity, when the gunpowder has been ground with a little camphor, or with a few drops of some inflammable chemical oil."</ref><ref>Franklin, Benjamin, ''Experiments and Observations on Electricity at Philadelphia in America'' (London, England: Francis Newberg, 1769), p. 92. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-48_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA92#v=onepage&q&f=false From p. 92:] "A small cartridge is filled with dry powder, hard rammed, so as to bruise some of the grains; two pointed wires are then thrust in, one at each end, the points approaching each other in the middle of the cartridge till within the distance of half an inch [1.27 cm]; then, the cartridge being placed in the circle [i.e., circuit], when the four [[Leyden jar|[Leyden] jars]] are discharged, the electric flame leaping from the point of one wire to the point of the other, within the cartridge amongst the powder, ''fires it'', and the explosion of the powder is at the same instant with the crack of the discharge."</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.standingwellback.com/home/2012/11/18/inventing-detonators.html|title=Standing Well Back - Home - Inventing detonators|author=|date=|website=www.standingwellback.com|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref>Hare, Robert (1832) [https://books.google.com/books?id=kAoAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA266#v=onepage&q&f=false "Application of galvanism to the blasting of rocks,"] ''The Mechanics' Magazine'' , '''17''': 266–267.</ref><ref>Note: Robert Hare had constructed his large battery (or "deflagrator" or "calorimotor", as he called it) in 1821. See: Hare, R. (1821) [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51988#page/115/mode/1up "A memoir on some new modifications of galvanic apparatus, with observations in support of his new theory of galvanism,"] ''The American Journal of Science and Arts'', '''3''': 105–117.</ref>

* Smith, Henry Julius, [http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=00534289&homeurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect2%3DPTO1%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html%2526r%3D1%2526f%3DG%2526l%3D50%2526d%3DPALL%2526S1%3D0534289.PN.%2526OS%3DPN%2F534289%2526RS%3DPN%2F534289&PageNum=&Rtype=&SectionNum=&idkey=NONE&Input=View+first+page "Art of blasting,"] U.S. Patent no. 534,289 (February 19, 1895).

* Krehl, Peter O. K., ''History of Shock Waves, Explosions and Impact: A Chronological and Biographical Reference'' (Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2009), p. 365.</ref>

 

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