Oslo: Perbedaan antara revisi

| official_name = Oslo

| image_skyline = Oslo newer montage 2013.png

| imagesize = 260px

| image_caption = Dari kiri atas ke bawah : Panorama [[Bjørvika]], [[Royal Palace, Oslo|Istana Raja]], [[KastilKastel Akershus]], matahari terbenam di [[Oslofjord]], [[Gedung Parlemen Norwegia|Stortinget]], [[Gedung Opera Oslo]]

| image_flag = Flag of Oslo.svg

| image_seal = Insigne Asloae (Kaffe Hag).svg

| shield_size =

| pushpin_map = <!-- Norway -->

| pushpin_map_caption = Lokasi Oslo di Norwegia

| coordinates_region = NO

| subdivision_type = Negara

| subdivision_name = [[Norwegia]]

| subdivision_type1 = [[Distrik di Norwegia|Distrik]]

| subdivision_name1 = [[Norwegia Timur|Østlandet]]

| subdivision_type2 = [[Counties of Norway|County]]

| subdivision_name2 = Oslo

| subdivision_type3 = [[Daftar munisipalitas di Norwegia|Munisipalitas]]

| subdivision_name3 =

| leader_title = [[Daftar Wali kota Oslo|Wali kota]]

| leader_name = [[Fabian Stang]] ([[Partai Konservatif (Norwegia)|H]])

| leader_title1 = [[Governing Mayor of Oslo|Governing mayor]]

| leader_name1 = [[Stian Berger Røsland]] ([[Conservative Party (Norway)|H]])

| established_title = Dihuni

| established_date = 1048

| area_footnotes =

| area_total_km2 = 454,03

| area_urban_km2 = 289,84

| area_metro_km2 = 8900

| elevation_m = 23

| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ssb.no/befolkning/statistikker/folkemengde/aar/2014-02-20?fane=tabell&sort=nummer&tabell=164156 |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2015-08-02 |archive-date=2014-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921125650/http://ssb.no/befolkning/statistikker/folkemengde/aar/2014-02-20?fane=tabell&sort=nummer&tabell=164156 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

| population_as_of = Januari 2015

| population_total = 647676

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_metro = 1502604

| population_density_metro_km2 = auto

| population_urban = 951581

| population_density_urban_km2 = auto

<!-- demographics (section 1) -->| demographics_type1 = Suku bangsa

|area_code longEW =(+47) 00E

'''Oslo''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|pron|ˈ|ɒ|z|l|oʊ}}, {{respell|OZ|loh}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/oslo|title=dictionary.com|accessdate=6 August 2011}}</ref>) merupakan ibu kota [[Norwegia]] dan kota dengan penduduk paling banyak di negara ini. Oslo merupakan salah satu [[County Norwegia|county]] dan [[Munisipalitas Norwegia|munisipalitas]].

Dihuni sejak sekitar [[1000]] AD dan muncul sebagai "kaupstad" atau tempat dagang tahun [[1048]] oleh [[Harald III dari Norwegia|Raja Harald III]], kota ini naik tingkat menjadi [[Diosesan Oslo|bishopric]] tahun [[1070]] dan ibu kota, dibawah kepemimpinan [[Haakon V dari Norwegia|Haakon V]] sejak tahun [[1300]]. Persatuan dengan [[Denmark]] pada tahun [[1397]] sampai [[1523]] dan [[1536]] sampai [[1814]] dan dengan [[Swedia]] tahun [[1814]] sampai [[1905]] mengurangi pengaruh kota ini. Setelah hancur terbakar tahun [[1624]], kota ini berpindah lebih dekat ke [[KastilKastel Akershus]] pada masa kekuasaan [[Christian IV dari Norwegia|Raja Christian IV]] dan menjadi '''Christiania''' untuk menghormatinya. Kota ini didirikan sebagai [[Daftar munisipalitas Norwegia|munisipalitas]] (''[[formannskapsdistrikt]]'') tanggal [[1 Januari]] [[1838]]. Dengan adanya reformasi pelafalan, kota ini berubah nama menjadi '''Kristiania''' tahun [[1877]] sampai [[1925]], kemudian nama Oslo kembali digunakan.

Oslo dianggap sebagai [[kota global]] dan berperingkat "Kota Dunia Beta" pada studi yang dilakukan oleh ''Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network'' pada tahun 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html |title=GaWC – The World According to GaWC 2008 |publisher=Lboro.ac.uk |date=13 April 2010 |accessdate=23 July 2011 |archive-date=2011-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826010640/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> Kota ini menempati peringkat pertama layak huni di antara kota besar lain di Eropa menurut laporan majalah ''fDi''.<ref name="fdiintelligence.com">{{cite web |author=Rachel Craig |url=http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Europe/European-Cities-and-Regions-of-the-Future-2012-13 |title=European Cities and Regions of the Future 2012/13 |publisher=fDiIntelligence.com |date=13 February 2012 |accessdate=12 March 2013 |archive-date=2018-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215173401/https://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Europe/European-Cities-and-Regions-of-the-Future-2012-13 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Survei yang dilakukan oleh [[ECA International]] pada tahun 2011 menempatkan Oslo sebagai kota dengan biaya hidup termahal kedua di dunia setelah [[Tokyo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eca-international.com/news/press_releases/7355/Sydney_rockets_up_the_list_of_the_world_s_most_expensive_cities|title=Sydney rockets up the list of the world's most expensive cities|publisher=[[ECA International]] |date=8 June 2011 |accessdate=10 July 2011|archive-date=2012-09-03|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120903182604/http://www.eca-international.com/news/press_releases/7355/Sydney_rockets_up_the_list_of_the_world_s_most_expensive_cities|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Tahun 2013, Oslo bersama dengan [[Melbourne]] menempati posisi kota termahal keempat dunia, menurut studi biaya hidup yang dilakukan [[Economist Intelligence Unit]] (EIU).<ref>{{cite news|title=The world's most expensive cities|url=http://www.theguardian.com/cities/datablog/2014/feb/14/most-expensive-cities|accessdate=23 February 2014|newspaper=The Guardian|date=14 February 2014|author=George Arnett|author2=Chris Michael|archive-date=2015-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626123403/http://www.theguardian.com/cities/datablog/2014/feb/14/most-expensive-cities|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Per [[Januari]] [[2015]] kota ini memiliki penduduk sebanyak 648.000.<ref name="Statistics Norway">{{cite web |url=http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/02/folkendrkv_en/2012k4/kvart02-en.html |title=Statistics Norway |publisher=www.ssb.no |work=[[Statistics Norway]] |access-date=2015-08-02 |archive-date=2023-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219030249/https://www.ssb.no/en/folkendrkv |dead-url=no }}</ref> [[Kawasan Oslo Raya]] memiliki populasi sebanyak 1.502.604 jiwa.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/02/folkendrkv_en/|title= Population and area, by municipality|date=1 April 2011 |publisher=Ssb.no |accessdate=10 April 2011|archive-date=2012-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113181013/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/02/folkendrkv_en/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Populasi kota ini saat ini terus meningkat, menjadikannya kota dengan pertumbuhan penduduk tercepat di [[Eropa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article4070772.ece |title=Oslo europamester i vekst – Nyheter – Oslo |publisher=Aftenposten.no |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2011-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501191333/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article4070772.ece |dead-url=no }}</ref> Hal ini disebabkan karena banyaknya [[Imigrasi ke Norwegia|imigrasi]] internasional dan tingginya angka kelahiran, serta migrasi dalam negeri. Populasi imigran di kota ini berkembang lebih cepat daripada populasi [[orang Norwegia]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article3424942.ece |title=Ola og Kari flytter fra innvandrerne – Nyheter – Oslo |publisher=Aftenposten.no |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2011-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604155245/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article3424942.ece |dead-url=no }}</ref> dan persentasenya saat ini lebih dari 25% total penduduk.<ref name="Immigration">{{cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/00/00/10/innvandring_en/|title=Immigration and immigrants|publisher=Ssb.no |date=1 January 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2009|archive-date=2009-07-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703202309/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/00/00/10/innvandring_en/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

Sebagian besar bangunan di kota ini dan sekitarnya pendek, hanya [[Oslo Plaza|Plaza]], [[Postgirobygget (gedung)|Postgirobygget]] dan Bjørvika yang agak tinggi.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsinenglish.no/2011/06/23/oslos-developing-waterfront-in-a-photo-collage/ |title=::: |access-date=2015-09-04 |archive-date=2021-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225200956/https://www.newsinenglish.no/2011/06/23/oslos-developing-waterfront-in-a-photo-collage/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Oslo adalah pusat maritim penting di Eropa dan rumah bagi sekitar 1.980 perusahaan dan 8.500 karyawan di sektor maritim. Beberapa di antaranya adalah perusahaan pengapalan, broker kapal, dan broker asuransi.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://81.93.161.140/archive/download_eng/01/01/Marit002.pdf |title=Oslo Teknopol Mal<!--Bot-generated title-->] |access-date=2015-09-05 |archive-date=2006-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822153107/https://81.93.161.140/archive/download_eng/01/01/Marit002.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Det Norske Veritas]], berkantor pusat di [[Høvik]], adalah satu dari tiga maritim [[classification society]] utama dunia, dengan 16.5% fleet to class dunia.<ref>[http://www.dnv.com/publications/annual_reports/ar_2005/thisis_dnv/index.asp Dnv.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120729221055/http://www.dnv.com/publications/annual_reports/ar_2005/thisis_dnv/index.asp |date=2012-07-29 }} <!-- {{Dead link|date=September 2008}} --></ref> Pelabuhan kota ini adalah pelabuhan kargo umum terbesar di Norwegia dan juga berperan sebagai pelabuhan penumpang. Sekitar 6.000 kapal bersandar tiap tahunnya, dengan muatan total 6 juta kargo dan 5 juta penumpang.

Produk domestik bruto Oslo adalah NOK268.047&nbsp;miliar tahun 2003, 17% PDB negara.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/09/01/fnr_en/ |title=Regional accounts |publisher=Ssb.no |accessdate=10 June 2009 |archive-date=2012-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113192504/http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/09/01/fnr_en/ |dead-url=no }}</ref> Kawasan metropolitan [[Moss, Norwegia|Moss]] dan [[Drammen]] menyumbang 25% PDB nasional tahun 2003 dan lebih dari seperempat [[pendapatan pajak]]. Sebagai perbandingan, penerimaan pajak total dari industri migas di [[Norwegian continental shelf|Norwegian Continental Shelf]] menyumbang sekitar 16%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.skatteetaten.no/upload/skd%20sm03_engelsk.pdf |title=Norwegian Tax Administration Annual Report 2003 |format=PDF |accessdate=8 July 2009 |archive-date=2009-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318200658/http://www.skatteetaten.no/upload/skd%20sm03_engelsk.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Oslo adalah salah satu [[Daftar kota paling mahal untuk tenaga kerja asing|kota paling mahal]] di dunia.<ref name=priciest>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/4669400.stm|title=Oslo 'priciest city in the world'|work=BBC News|date=1 February 2006|accessdate=21 June 2010|archive-date=2021-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308054332/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/4669400.stm|dead-url=no}}</ref> Tahun 2006, kota ini menempati peringkat kesepuluh pada survei [[indeks biaya hidup]] dunia menurut Mercer Human Resource Consulting<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mercerhr.com/pressrelease/details.jhtml/dynamic/idContent/1142150 |title=Mercer: Consulting. Outsourcing. Investments |publisher=Mercerhr.com |accessdate=10 June 2009 |archive-date=2008-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516034338/http://www.mercerhr.com/pressrelease/details.jhtml/dynamic/idContent/1142150 |dead-url=no }}</ref> dan pertama menurut [[Economist Intelligence Unit]].<ref name=priciest/> Perbedaan ini disebabkan EIU tidak memperhitungkan beberapa faktor dalam perhitungannya, terutama tempat tinggal. Untuk tahun 2015,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eiu.com/public/thankyou_download.aspx?activity=download&campaignid=WCOL2015 |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2015-09-05 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728025610/https://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid=WCOL2015 |dead-url=no }}</ref> of the EIU’s Worldwide Cost of Living survey, Oslo menempati posisi kota termahal ketiga dunia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnbc.com/id/102470661|title=These are the world's most expensive cities|work=CNBC|date=2 March 2015|accessdate=12 March 2015|archive-date=2015-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707162822/http://www.cnbc.com/id/102470661|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* [[Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences]] (Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus (HiOA)), dulunya [[Oslo University College]]. Fokus pada program [[Sarjana Sains|sarjana sains]] terapan.

* [[Sekolah Ilmu Olahraga Norwegia]] (Norges idrettshøgskole (NIH))—tingkat sarjana, master, doktoral<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nih.no/ |title=Norges idrettshøgskole&nbsp;— forskning og høyere utdanning innenfor idrettsvitenskap&nbsp;— NIH |publisher=Nih.no |accessdate=10 June 2009 |archive-date=2021-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309152658/https://www.nih.no// |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Akademi Seni Nasional Oslo]] (Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo – KHIO)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.khio.no/ |title=Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo |publisher=Khio.no |date=1 August 2000 |accessdate=10 June 2009 |archive-date=2007-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626204859/http://hio.no/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Norwegian University of Life Sciences]] (Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet – NMBU) terletak di Ås, di luar kota Oslo<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.umb.no/ |title=Universitetet for miljø- og biovitenskap&nbsp;— UMB |publisher=Umb.no |accessdate=10 June 2009 |archive-date=2021-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309124428/http://www.umb.no// |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Sekolah Ilmu Kedokteran Hewan Norwegia]] (Norges Veterinærhøgskole)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.veths.no/ |title=Internett – Norges veterinærhøgskole |publisher=Veths.no |accessdate=10 June 2009 |archive-date=2014-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105012744/http://veths.no/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* Oslo Academy of Fine Arts (Statens kunstakademi)<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.ska-wiki.no/ |title=Ska-Wiki – Ska-Wiki<!--Bot-generated title-->] |access-date=2015-09-04 |archive-date=2007-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010095815/https://www.ska-wiki.no/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Tahun 2008, total angkatan kerja di kawasan Oslo mencapai 1,02 juta jiwa. Universitas Oslo adalah universitas terbesar di negara ini dengan 27.400 mahasiswa dan 7.028 orang karyawan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uio.no/om/tall-og-fakta/uio-i-tall/ |title=UiO i tall |publisher=uio.no |accessdate=22 March 2012 |archive-date=2021-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308054710/https://www.uio.no/om/tall-og-fakta/uio-i-tall/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Oslo memiliki sistem transportasi umum paling lengkap di Norwegia yang dikelola oleh [[Ruter]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ruter.no/Om-Ruter-As/ |title=Om Ruter |publisher=[[Ruter]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2010-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100307000751/http://ruter.no/Om-Ruter-As/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Termasuk di antaranya [[Oslo Metro]] yang memiliki 6 jalur,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ruter.no/Rutetilbud/T-bane/ |title=T-banen – forstadsbane og storbymetro |publisher=[[Ruter]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2010-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206002112/http://www.ruter.no/Rutetilbud/T-bane/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>, 6 jalur [[Oslo Tramway]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ruter.no/Rutetilbud/Trikk/ |title=Trikk |publisher=[[Ruter]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2010-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206090439/http://ruter.no/Rutetilbud/Trikk/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> dan 8 jalur [[Kereta Komuter Oslo]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsb.no/getfile.php/www.nsb.no/nsb.no/Bilder/Rutetabeller/Lokaltogkart%20A4.pdf |title=Network map commuter trains |publisher=[[Norwegian State Railways]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2013-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029104215/http://www.nsb.no/getfile.php/www.nsb.no/nsb.no/Bilder/Rutetabeller/Lokaltogkart%20A4.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref> Jalur trem beroperasi pada kawasan dekat pusat kota, sedangkan metro jalurnya berada dibawah tanah melewati pusat kota sampai ke pinggiran kota.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avinet.no/Oslopakke2/database/faktaark_ny.aspx?id=46 |title=T-baneringen |publisher=[[Oslo Package 2]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2011-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501173155/http://www.avinet.no/Oslopakke2/database/faktaark_ny.aspx?id=46 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Oslo juga mempunyai jaringan bus yang terdiri dari 32 jalur dalam kota, serta bus regional yang menuju ke kota Akershus.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ruter.no/Documents/Rutetabeller/Oslo/linjekart_bybuss_121209.pdf |title=City Bus Network Map |year=2013 |access-date=2015-09-04 |archive-date=2013-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124090717/http://ruter.no/Documents/Rutetabeller/Oslo/linjekart_bybuss_121209.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

[[Stasiun Oslo Central]] adalah penghubung utama,<ref name=romplan>{{cite web |url=http://www.romeiendom.no/getfile.php/wimages/Organisasjoner%20og%20enheter/ROM/Pressemelding%20OSLO%20S.doc |publisher=[[Rom Eiendom]] |title=Oslo S bygges om for 2.9 milliarder kroner |accessdate=19 December 2009 |language=Norwegian}}{{dead link|date=July 2011}}</ref> dan melayani perjalanan ke kota-kota diutara Norwegia, sampai ke [[Stockholm]] dan [[Gothenburg]] di Swedia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsb.no/getfile.php/www.nsb.no/nsb.no/Bilder/Rutetabeller/NSB%20Map.pdf |title=Network map |publisher=[[Norwegian State Railways]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2010-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827025855/http://www.nsb.no/getfile.php/www.nsb.no/nsb.no/Bilder/Rutetabeller/NSB%20Map.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref> [[Flytoget|Kereta Ekspres Bandara]] beroperasi pada [[Jalur Gardermoen]]. [[Jalur Drammen]] berjalan melewati bawah tanah pusat kota di [[Terowongan Oslo]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Bjørn|last=Holøs|title=Stasjoner i sentrum|year=1990 |publisher=Gyldendal Norsk Forlagg|location=Oslo|language=Norwegian|isbn=82-05-19082-8|page=182}}</ref> Beberapa pulau kota dan munisipalitas [[Nesodden]] dilayani dengan feri.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ruter.no/Rutetilbud/Bat/ |title=Båt til jobb og skole, eller bad og utflukt |publisher=[[Ruter]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2010-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211041834/http://www.ruter.no/Rutetilbud/Bat/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pelayanan [[cruiseferry]] setiap hari beroperasi ke [[Kopenhagen]] dan [[Frederikshavn]] di Denmark, serta [[Kiel]] di Jerman.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oslohavn.no/passasjerer/ |title=Passasjer/turist |publisher=[[Port of Oslo]] |accessdate=1 December 2010 |language=Norwegian |archive-date=2011-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501174323/http://www.oslohavn.no/passasjerer/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Bandar udara utama yang melayani kota ini adalah [[Bandar Udara Oslo, Gardermoen|Bandara Gardermoen]] yang terletak di [[Ullensaker]], {{convert|47|km}} dari pusat kota Oslo.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.osl.no/en/osl/aboutus/80_Airport+administration |title=Administration |publisher=Oslo Lufthavn |accessdate=19 January 2010 |archive-date=2010-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124141331/http://www.osl.no/en/osl/aboutus/80_Airport%2Badministration |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Bandara ini berperan sebagai pintu gerbang internasional utama ke Norwegia,<ref name=stat2010>{{cite web |url=http://www.osl.no/en/osl/businesstobusiness/_airlines/10_Market |title=Market |publisher=Oslo Lufthavn |accessdate=19 January 2010 |archive-date=2009-11-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124135225/http://www.osl.no/en/osl/businesstobusiness/_airlines/10_Market |dead-url=no }}</ref> dan bandara domestik terbesar keenam di Eropa.<ref name=eurostat>{{cite web |url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-09-091/EN/KS-SF-09-091-EN.PDF |title=Economic crisis stops air transport growth |publisher=[[Eurostat]] |accessdate=18 January 2010 |archive-date=2010-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100930041912/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-09-091/EN/KS-SF-09-091-EN.PDF |dead-url=no }}</ref> Gardermoen adalah penghubung [[Scandinavian Airlines]], [[Norwegian Air Shuttle]] dan [[Widerøe]]. Oslo juga memiliki bandara sekunder untuk melayani maskapai [[low-cost carriers]], seperti [[Ryanair]]:<ref name=ryanairhub>{{cite news|title=Rygge-London for én krone|work=[[Akershus Amtstidende]]|date=17 July 2009|language=Norwegian}}</ref> [[Bandar Udara Moss, Rygge|Bandara Rygge]]<ref name=facts>{{cite web |url=http://www.en.ryg.no/kat/000005.asp |title=Information about Moss Airport Rygge |publisher=Rygge Sivile Lufthavn |accessdate=25 November 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028103741/http://www.en.ryg.no:80/kat/000005.asp |archivedate=2010-10-28 October 2010 }}</ref> dan [[Bandar Udara Sandefjord, Torp|Bandara Torp]], {{convert|110|km}} dari kota.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torp.no/Pages/Artikkel.aspx?pkMenu=131&pksMenu=143&Language=EN |title=How do I get to Sandefjord Airport Torp? |author=Sandefjord Lufthavn |accessdate=24 October 2009 |archive-date=2009-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316072052/http://www.torp.no/Pages/Artikkel.aspx?pkMenu=131&pksMenu=143&Language=EN |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

|footnote= '''''Sumber''': [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/02/folkendrhist_en/tables/tab/03.html Statistics Norway].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selecttable/hovedtabellHjem.asp&KortnavnWeb=folkfram |title=Projected population – Statistics Norway |publisher=Statbank.ssb.no |accessdate=23 July 2011 |archive-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023110552/http://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selecttable%2FhovedtabellHjem.asp&KortnavnWeb=folkfram |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

|1951|434365

|1961|475663

|1971|481548

|1981|452023

|1991|461644

|2001|508726

|2014|634463

Populasi Oslo tahun 2010 meningkat sekitar 2% per tahunnya (lebih dari 17% pada 15 tahun terakhir), menjadikan kota ini ibu kota Skandinavia dengan pertumbuhan tercepat.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ole Kristian Nordengen Hanne Waaler Lier Pål V. Hagesæther |url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article1139976.ece |title=Om 15 år kan det bo 100 000 flere i Oslo |publisher=Aftenposten.no |accessdate=27 June 2010 |archive-date=2011-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504062450/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article1139976.ece |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Menurut sensus terbaru, 432.000 penduduk Oslo (70.4% populasi) beretnis Norwegia, peningkatan 6% sejak 2002 (409.000).<ref>[http://www.utviklings-og-kompetanseetaten.oslo.kommune.no/getfile.php/byrådsavdeling%20for%20finans%20(FIN)/Internett%20(FIN)/Dokumenter/statistikk/planxogxanalyseseksjonen/statistikk/statistikk2002/pdf2002/aarbok_2002_kap02.pdf utviklings-og-kompetanseetaten.oslo.kommune.no]</ref> Oslo memiliki populasi imigran terbesar di Norwegia. Dari 624.000 penduduk, 189.400 orang merupakan imigran atau lahir dari orang tua imigran, 30.4 persen dari total penduduk. Kawasan pinggiran dengan persentase imigran terbesar adalah Søndre Nordstrand, Stovner og Alna, di mana jumlahnya adalah 50% populasi.<ref>Kristoffer Fredriksen: [http://www.ssb.no/en/innvbef Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, 1 January 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720163426/http://www.ssb.no/en/innvbef |date=2017-07-20 }} SSB, January 2013</ref>

[[Pakistan Norwegia|Orang Pakistan]] adalah [[etnis minoritas]] terbesar, diikuti [[Orang Swedia|Swedia]], [[Orang Somalia|Somalia]], dan Polandia. Kelompok imigran besar lainnya berasal dari [[Sri Lanka]], [[Vietnam Norwegia|Vietnam]], Turki, [[Maroko]], [[Irak Norwegia|Irak]] dan [[Iran]].<ref>{{no icon}} [http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article2526653.ece 25 prosent av alle som bor i Oslo er innvandrere – Nyheter – Oslo – Aftenposten.no] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709135929/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/oslo/article2526653.ece |date=2008-07-09 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/01/10/innvbef |title=Polakker den største innvandrergruppen |language=no |publisher=Ssb.no |accessdate=27 June 2010 |archive-date=2013-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130215042313/http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/01/10/innvbef/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/01/10/innvbef/arkiv/tab-2009-04-30-11.html |title=Tabell 11 Innvandrere og norskfødte med innvandrerforeldre, etter landbakgrunn (de 20 største gruppene). Utvalgte kommuner. 1. januar 2009 |language=no |publisher=Ssb.no |accessdate=22 January 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628200427/http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/01/10/innvbef/arkiv/tab-2009-04-30-11.html |archivedate=2011-06-28 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>[http://nyhuus.deich.folkebibl.no/deichman/dfb/sprakland.html Folkebibl.no] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609164119/http://nyhuus.deich.folkebibl.no/deichman/dfb/sprakland.html |date=2007-06-09 }} {{no icon}}</ref>

Tahun 2013, 40% dari siswa [[sekolah dasar]] Oslo terdaftar memiliki [[bahasa ibu]] selain Norwegia atau [[bahasa Sami|Sami]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.utdanningsetaten.oslo.kommune.no/getfile.php/utdanningsetaten%20(UDE)%28UDE%29/Internett%20(UDE)%28UDE%29/EFP/Dokumenter/Antall%20elever%20fra%20språklige20spr%C3%A5klige%20minoriteter%20i%20grunnskolen%2020122013.pdf|title=Minoritetsspråklige elever i Osloskolen 2012/2013|work=Undervisningsetaten|date=4 January 2013|last=Oslo kommune|first=Undervisningsetaten|access-date=2015-09-06|archive-date=2013-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131062114/http://www.utdanningsetaten.oslo.kommune.no/getfile.php/utdanningsetaten%20%28UDE%29/Internett%20%28UDE%29/EFP/Dokumenter/Antall%20elever%20fra%20spr%C3%A5klige%20minoriteter%20i%20grunnskolen%2020122013.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref> Bagian barat kota ini dominan etnis Norwegia, beberapa sekolah hanya memiliki kurang dari 5% latar belakang imigran. Sedangkan bagian timurnya lebih tercampur, ada sekolah yang persentase imigran mencapai 97%.<ref>{{cite web |author=Avhilde Lundgaard&nbsp;&nbsp; |url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article3228559.ece |title=Foreldre flytter barna til "hvitere" skoler – Nyheter – Innenriks |publisher=Aftenposten.no |accessdate=25 March 2010 |archive-date=2009-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826184905/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article3228559.ece |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Tahun 2008, 63% penduduk adalah anggota [[Gereja Norwegia]], sedangkan rata-rata nasional mencapai 82%.<ref>[http://www.ssb.no/ssp/utg/200903/03/ Et mangfold av tro og livssyn] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914153011/http://www.ssb.no/ssp/utg/200903/03/|date=2012-09-14}} [[Statistics Norway]]. Retrieved 7 December 2012</ref> Tahun 2011 hampir 20% penduduk menganut agama atau kepercayaan lain.<ref name="utviklings-og-kompetanseetaten.oslo.kommune.no">[http://www.utviklings-og-kompetanseetaten.oslo.kommune.no/oslostatistikken/article217012-42123.html?articleID=217012&categoryID=42123&printMe=1 1 av 5 osloborgere tilhører et tros- eller livssynssamfunn utenfor Den norske kirke] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014160048/http://www.utviklings-og-kompetanseetaten.oslo.kommune.no/oslostatistikken/article217012-42123.html?articleID=217012&categoryID=42123&printMe=1 |date=2014-10-14 }} Utviklings- og kompetanseetaten, Oslo kommune. (in Norwegian) Retrieved 7 December 2012</ref>

Tahun 2012, ada sekitar 48.000 [[Muslim]] terdaftar di Oslo dan 33.000 Katolik Roma.<ref>Andreas Slettholm: [http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Na-er-det-flere-katolikker-enn-muslimer-i-Norge-7033287.html Nå er det flere katolikker enn muslimer i Norge] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205221337/http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Na-er-det-flere-katolikker-enn-muslimer-i-Norge-7033287.html |date=2012-12-05 }} Aftenposten, 3 December 2012</ref>

|title=Agama di Oslo<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selecttable/hovedtabellHjem%2FhovedtabellHjem.asp&KortnavnWeb=kirke_kostra |title=Statistics Norway – Church of Norway.] |access-date=2021-03-02 |archive-date=2020-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511091059/https://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selecttable%2FhovedtabellHjem.asp&KortnavnWeb=kirke_kostra |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

|+ '''Jumlah minoritas (generasi ke-1 dan ke-2 di Oslo menurut negara asal, 2015'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=FolkInnvkatLand&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=innvbef&StatVariant=&checked=true |title= Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by immigration category, country background and percentages of the population |publisher=ssb.no |accessdate=29 June 2015 |archive-date=2015-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702101705/https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=FolkInnvkatLand&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=innvbef&StatVariant=&checked=true |dead-url=no }}</ref>

|16||{{flag|Rusia}}||3,475

|19||{{flag|Ethiopia}}||2,977

|21||{{flag|China}}||2,893

|24||{{flag|Romania}}||2,413

|25||{{flag|Prancis}}||2,180

[[Kategori:KotaOslo| di Norwegia]]