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{{sedang dikerjakan}} {{Infobox language
| name = Bahasa = Urdu
| altname = Bahasa Urdu baku
| nativename = {{lang|ur|{{nqNastaliq|اُردُو}}}}
| pronunciation = {{IPA-hns|ˈʊrduˈʊrd̪uː||hi-Urdu.ogg}}
|ethnicity=Etnis tak diketahui<ref name="Mukherjee2018">{{cite book|author=Ramkrishna Mukherjee|title=Understanding Social Dynamics in South Asia: Essays in Memory of Ramkrishna Mukherjee|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IHWKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA221|year=2018|publisher=Springer|isbn=9789811303876|pages=221–}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Economic and Political Weekly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yu-wAAAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Sameeksha Trust}}</ref>
| ethnicity = [[orang Urdu]] dan penutur bahasa Urdu dari suku bangsa lainnya
| states = [[Pakistan]] dan [[India]]
| region = [[Pakistan]] (digunakan sebagai basantara mayoritas penduduknya penduduknya){{efn|group=ib|Bahasa Urdu dituturkan dan setidaknya dimengerti oleh hampir 90% masyarakat Pakistan, akan tetapi hanya sekitar 7% masyarakat Pakistan yang menuturkan bahasa Urdu sebagai [[bahasa ibu]]ndanya (per perkiraan dari [[Sensus penduduk Pakistan 2017]]<sup>([[:en:2017 Pakistani Census|en]])</sup>)}}<br/>[[India]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas di wilayah ''[[Sabuk Hindi|Sabuk Hindustan]] & [[Plato Deccan|Deccan]]''){{efn|group=ib|Bahasa Urdu dituturkan oleh sekitar 4,34 masyarakat India (per [[Sensus penduduk India 2011]]<sup>([[2011 Census of India|2011 Census]])</sup>)}}<br/>[[Afghanistan]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas){{efn|group=efn|Bahasa Urdu dituturkan oleh 2% masyarakat Afganistan (perkiraan)}}<br/>[[Nepal]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas di wilayah ''[[Terai]]''){{efn|Sekitar 2,6% masyarakat Nepal dapat menuturkan bahasa Urdu (Sensus 2011)}}<br/>[[Bangladesh]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas di ''[[Old Dhaka]]''){{efn|group=ib|Kurang dari 1% masyarakat Bangladesh dapat menuturkan bahasa Urdu (perkiraan)}}
| region = [[Asia Selatan]]
| speakers = {{sigfig|66.5|2}} juta ( = {{sigfigPenutur|50.77|2B1}} juta di India,: {{sigfig|1570.73249640|2}} juta di Pakistan<!--7.57% of 208M = 15.73M-->)
| date = sensus 2011 dan 2017 = 2011–2018
| ref = e25
| speakers2 = Penutur [[bahasa kedua]]: {{sigfig|101.59|3}} juta (1999)<ref>{{e22|urd|Urdu}}</ref>
| speakers2 = {{Penutur|B2}}: {{sigfig|161.045800|2}} juta (2018)<ref name=e25/><br/>Total: {{sigfig|231.295440|2}} juta<ref name=e25/>
| ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength - 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-4.pdf|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]|date=29 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/population-mother-tongue|title=Population by Mother Tongue {{!}} Pakistan Bureau of Statistics|website=www.pbs.gov.pk|language=en|access-date=2018-01-08|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712131537/http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/population-mother-tongue|archivedate=12 July 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| speakers_label = Penutur
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam2familycolor = [[Rumpun bahasa = Indo-Iran|Indo-Iran]]European
| fam3fam2 = [[Rumpun bahasa Indo-Arya = {{PRBahasa|Indo-Arya]]Iran}}
| fam3 = {{PRBahasa|Indo-Arya}}
| fam4 = Zona Tengah
| fam4 = {{PRBahasa|Hindi}}
| fam5 = [[bahasa Hindi Barat]]
| fam5 = {{PRBahasa|Hindi Barat}}
| fam6 = [[bahasa Hindustan]]<ref name=ELL2>{{ELL2|Hindustani}}</ref>
| fam6 = {{PRBahasa|Hindustani}}
| fam7 = [[dialek Khariboli]]<ref name=ELL2/>
| dia2 = {{PBahasa|Urdu Dhakaiya}}
| dia1 = [[Dakhni]]
| dia1 = {{PBahasa|Deccani}}
| dia2 = [[Dhakaiya]]
| dia3 = {{PBahasa|Urdu Yahudi}}
| script = {{plainlist|▼
| ancestor = [[Shauraseni Prakrit]]
[[Abjad Urdu]]<br>[[Braille Bahasa Urdu]]}}▼
| ancestor2 = [[Apabhraṃśa]]
| nation =
| ancestor3 = {{PBahasa|Hindi Kuno}}
{{flag|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag|India}}<br><br>Terdaftar:<br>{{flag|Nepal}}<br><br>'''Negara bagian'''<br>Resmi:<br>{{flag|Jammu dan Kashmir}}<br><br>Resmi kedua:<br>[[Delhi]]<br>[[Bihar]]<br>[[Uttar Pradesh]]<br>[[Jharkhand]]<br>[[Bengal Barat]]<br>[[Telangana]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/urdu-is-telanganas-second-official-language-4940595/|title=Urdu is Telangana’s second official language|date=2017-11-16|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=2018-02-27|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/urdu-second-official-language-telangana-state-passes-bill-71742|title=Urdu is second official language in Telangana as state passes Bill|date=2017-11-17|work=The News Minute|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>▼
| ancestor4 = {{PBahasa|Hindustani}}
| minority = {{flag|Uni Emirat Arab}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print_ae.html|title=The World Fact Book|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716041601/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print_ae.html|archivedate=16 July 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| ancestor5 = [[Rekhta]]
| iso1 = ur▼
▲| script = {{plainlist|
| iso2 = urd▼
* [[Alfabet Persia|Abjad Perso-Arab]] ([[Alfabet Urdu]])
| iso3 = urd▼
▲[[Abjad* Urdu]]<br>[[Braille Bahasabahasa Urdu]]}}
| lingua = 59-AAF-q▼
* [[Roman Urdu]] (tidak resmi)
| image = Urdu example.svg▼
* [[alfabet Ibrani]] ([[Bahasa Urdu Yahudi]] - historis)
| imagesize = 120px
}}
| imagecaption = ''Urdu'' dalam [[abjad Nastaʿlīq]]
| nation = {{flag|Pakistan}}<br/>(bahasa resmi)
| map = Urdu_official-language_areas.png▼
{{IND}}<br/>([[Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India|8th Schedule]], status resmi tergantung wilayah negara bagian)<ref>{{cite web |title=Official languages specified in the Constitution of India |url=https://m.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-official-languages-specified-in-the-constitution-of-india-1522319586-1 |website=Jagran Prakashan|date=29 March 2018 }}</ref>
| mapcaption = {{legend|#ffc90e|Daerah India dan Pakistan tempat Urdu dapat berstatus resmi atau resmi kedua}}
* [[Jammu dan Kashmirl]]
{{legend|#fff200|Daerah yang status bahasa Urdunya tidak resmi {{fix|text=Ingat, bahasa Urdu berstatus bahasa resmi kedua di Benggala Barat}}}}
* [[Delhi]]
| notice = IPA▼
* [[Bihar]]
| sign = {{plainlist|
* [[Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Bahasa Isyarat India]] (ISS)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://punarbhava.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1056&Itemid=614|title=Short Term Programmes|author=Gaurav Takkar|work=punarbhava.in|accessdate=29 March 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115071424/http://punarbhava.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1056&Itemid=614|archivedate=15 November 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br>[[Tanda Bahasa Urdu]]<ref>"Indo-Pakistani Sign Language", ''Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics''</ref>}}
* [[Jharkhand]]
| glotto = urdu1245▼
* [[Andhra Pradesh]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/240322/assembly-passes-two-bills-of-minorities-component-and-urdu-as-2nd-offi.html|title=Urdu second official language in Andhra Pradesh|date=24 March 2022|work=Deccan Chronicles|access-date=25 March 2022|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Bill recognising Urdu as second official language passed |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/bill-recognising-urdu-as-second-official-languagepassed/article65252966.ece |access-date=1 April 2022 |work=The Hindu |date=23 March 2022 |language=en-IN}}</ref>
| glottorefname = Urdu▼
▲{{flag|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag|India}}<br><br>Terdaftar:<br>{{flag|Nepal}}<br><br>'''Negara* bagian'''<br>Resmi:<br>{{flag|Jammu dan Kashmir}}<br><br>Resmi kedua:<br>[[Delhi]]<br>[[Bihar]]<br>[[Uttar Pradesh]]<br>[[Jharkhand]]<br>[[Bengal Barat]]<br>[[Telangana]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/urdu-is-telanganas-second-official-language-4940595/|title=Urdu is Telangana’sTelangana's second official language|date=2017-11-16 November 2017|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=2018-02-27 February 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/urdu-second-official-language-telangana-state-passes-bill-71742|title=Urdu is second official language in Telangana as state passes Bill|date=2017-11-17 November 2017|work=The News Minute|access-date=2018-02-27 February 2018}}</ref>
| agency = [[Departemen Promosi Bahasa Nasional]] (Pakistan)<br>[[Dewan Nasional untuk Promosi Bahasa Urdu]] (India)
* [[Bengal Barat]]
|altname=Bahasa Urdu Standar Modern|ancestor=[[Bahasa Hindustani|Hindustani]]|ancestor2=[[Rekhta]]|dia3=[[Rekhta]]|ancestor3=[[Bahasa Dehlavi|Dehlavi]]}}
| minority = {{flag|Afrika Selatan}} (bahasa dilindungi)<ref>{{cite web|title=Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions|url=http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/chapter-1-founding-provisions|website=www.gov.za|access-date=6 December 2014}}</ref>
▲| iso1 = ur
▲| iso2 = urd
▲| iso3 = urd
▲| lingua = 59-AAF-q
▲| image = Urdu example.svg
| imagescale = 0.4
| imagecaption = "Urdu" yang ditulis dalam abjad Perso-Arab bergaya ''[[Nastaliq]]''
▲| map = Urdu_official-language_areas.png
| mapcaption = Peta yang menunjukkan perdebatan bahasa Urdu di Pakistan dan India dengan rincian sebagai berikut:{{legend3|#ffc90e|Area yang menuturkan bahasa Urdu sebagai bahasa ibunda mayoritas penduduknya maupun menjadi bahasa resmi dan semi-resmi}}
{{legend3|#fff200|Area yang tidak memiliki status resmi maupun semi-resmi dalam konstitusinya, namun masih dituturkan oleh penduduknya}}
▲| notice = IPA
| notice = Arab
| sign = [[Bahasa Isyarat Indo-Pakistan]]
* Bahasa Isyarat Urdu<ref>"Indo-Pakistani Sign Language", ''Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics''</ref>
▲| glotto = urdu1245
▲| glottorefname = Urdu
| agency = [[National Language Promotion Department]] (Pakistan)<br/>[[National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language]] (India)
}}
'''Bahasa Urdu''' atau '''''Urdu Zabaan''''' (juga disebut '''Lashkari''' oleh penuturnya<ref name="Dayal2010">{{cite book|author=Mala Dayal|title=Celebrating Delhi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L8Pg-d_3_M4C&pg=PT147|date=1 August 2010|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-273-1|pages=147–}}</ref><ref name="Hasan1970">{{cite book|author=M. Fazlul Hasan|title=Bangalore Through the Centuries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XQgiAAAAMAAJ|year=1970|publisher=Historical Publications}}</ref> dieja secara lokal '''لشکری''') merupakan salah satu bahasa termuda dari cabang [[Indo-Arya]]. Kata <nowiki>''Urdu'' berasal dari bahasa Turki 'Ordu'</nowiki> yang berarti kamp atau tenda. Akar bahasa ini, pada mulanya diperkirakan dari bahasa ''Khari Boli'' yang dituturkan oleh penduduk kota [[New Delhi]].
 
Baris 107 ⟶ 126:
{{DEFAULTSORT:Urdu, Bahasa}}
[[Kategori:Bahasa Urdu| ]]
[[Kategori:BahasaRumpun bahasa Indo-Arya]]
[[Kategori:Bahasa berpola subjek–objek–predikatsubjek-objek-verba]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Bahasa_Urdu"