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Baris 1: {{About\|teolog dan ~~pilomatik~~polimatik abad ke-12\|dokter dan polimatik abad ke-10\|Muhammad bin Zakariya ar-Razi\|kegunaan lain\|Ar-Razi}}▼ ~~{{Sedang dikembangkan}}~~ ~~{{Sedang ditulis}}~~ ▲{{About\|teolog dan pilomatik abad ke-12\|dokter dan polimatik abad ke-10\|Muhammad bin Zakariya ar-Razi\|kegunaan lain\|Ar-Razi}} {{Infobox religious biography <!-- Scroll down to edit this page --> Baris 12 ⟶ 10: <!-- Information --> \|name = Fakhruddin Arar-Razi \|title= [[Shaykh al-Islām]],<br/> Fakhr ar-Razi,<br/> [[Sultan]] [[Ilmu Kalam\|al-Mutakallimin]] (Sultan para Teolog),<ref name="Adamson2016">{{cite book\|author=Peter Adamson\|title=Philosophy in the Islamic World: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KEpRDAAAQBAJ\|date=7 July 2016\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|isbn=978-0-19-957749-1\|page=315\|access-date=2021-01-19\|archive-date=2023-02-05\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205005719/https://books.google.com/books?id=KEpRDAAAQBAJ\|dead-url=no}}</ref><br/> dan Imam atau Syekh al-Mushakkikin (Imam atau Guru kaum Skeptis).<ref name="google">{{cite book\|title=Islam and Other Religions: Pathways to Dialogue\|author=Omar, Irfan\|date=2013\|publisher=Taylor & Francis\|isbn=9781317998525\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wTDcAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA113\|page=113\|access-date=2017-12-02\|archive-date=2023-07-17\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717140243/https://books.google.com/books?id=wTDcAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA113\|dead-url=no}}</ref> \| religion = [[Islam]] \|birth_date = 26 Januari 1150 Baris 20 ⟶ 18: \|death_place= [[Herat (kota)\|Herat]], Afganistan \|denomination = [[Sunni]] \|jurisprudence = [[Mazhab Syafi'i\|Syafi'i]]<ref name="YounusMirza">{{Cite journal\|title = Was Ibn Kathīr the 'Spokesperson' for Ibn Taymiyya? Jonah as a Prophet of Obedience\|url = http://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3366/jqs.2014.0130\|journal = Journal of Qur'anic Studies\|date = 2014-02-01\|issn = 1465-3591\|page = 1\|volume = 16\|issue = 1\|doi = 10.3366/jqs.2014.0130\|last1 = Mirza\|first1 = Younus Y.\|access-date = 2021-01-19\|archive-date = 2022-12-25\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221225092154/https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3366/jqs.2014.0130\|dead-url = no}}</ref> \|creed = [[Asy'ariyah\|Asy'ari]]<ref name="YounusMirza"/><ref>[[Ovamir Anjum]], Politics, Law, and Community in Islamic Thought: The Taymiyyan Moment, p 143. {{ISBN\|1107014069}}</ref> \|region = [[Persia Raya\|Persia]] \|notable idea = \|main_interests = [[Tafsir]], [[Ushul Fikih]], [[Retorika]], [[Ilmu kalam\|Kalam]], [[~~Islamic~~Filsafat ~~Philosophy~~Islam]], [[~~Logic~~Logika]], [[~~Astronomy~~Astronomi]], [[~~Cosmology~~Kosmologi]], [[~~Ontology~~Ontologi]], [[~~Chemistry~~Kimia]], [[~~Physics~~Fisika]], [[~~Medicine~~Kedokteran]], [[~~Anatomy~~Anatomi]] \|influences = [[Abu Abdullah Muhammad asy-Syafi'i\|Asy-Syafi'i]], [[Abu al-Hasan al-Asy'ari]], [[Ibnu Furak]], [[Al-Ghazali]], [[Imam Al-Haramain]] \|influenced = [[~~Atsir ad-Din~~Atsiruddin al-Abhari]], [[~~Nizam ad-Din~~Nizamuddin an-Nisapuri]], [[Burhanuddin an-Nasafi]],<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/borhan-al-din-nasafi-abul-fazael-mohammad-b\|title=BORHĀN-AL-DĪN NASAFĪ\|publisher=[[Encyclopaedia Iranica]]\|website=iranicaonline.org\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029001335/https://iranicaonline.org/articles/borhan-al-din-nasafi-abul-fazael-mohammad-b\|archive-date=29 Oct 2020\|quote=In spite of his adherence to the Hanafite school of law, he clearly inclined to Asḥʿarism in theology and was an admirer of Ḡazālī and Faḵr-al-Dīn Rāzī.}}</ref> [[~~Syihab ad-Din~~Syihabuddin al-Qarafi]], [[Tajuddin as-Subuki]], [[Al-Safadi]], [[Ibnu Abi Usaibi'a]], [[Jalaluddin as-Suyuthi\|As-Suyuthi]], Sa'id Foudah \|works = ''[[Tafsir Arar-Razi]]'', ''[[Asas al-Taqdis]]'' }} '''Fakhruddin Arar-Razi''' ({{lang-fa\|فخر الدين رازي}}) ({{lahirmati\|[[Ray, Iran\|Ray]], [[Iran]]\|26\|1\|1150\|[[Herat]], [[Afganistan]]\|29\|3\|1210}}) sering dikenal dengan julukan '''Sultanul Mutakallimin''' adalah seorang ilmuwan muslim berkebangsaan [[Bangsa Persia\|Persia]]<ref>{{cite book\|editor1-last=Hockey\|editor1-first=Thomas\|editor2-last=Trimble\|editor2-first=V.\|editor3-last=Williams\|editor3-first=Th.R.\|editor4-last=Bracher\|editor4-first=K.\|editor5-last=Jarrell\|editor5-first=R.\|editor6-last=Marché\|editor6-first=J.D.\|editor7-last=Ragep\|editor7-first=F.J.\|title=Biographical encyclopedia of astronomers\|date=2014\|isbn=978-1-4419-9918-4\|page=692\|edition=2nd}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1-last=Frye\|editor1-first=R.N.\|title=The Cambridge history of Iran, Volume 4\|date=1975\|publisher=Cambridge U.P.\|location=London\|isbn=978-0-521-20093-6\|page=480\|edition=Repr.}}</ref> [[polimatik]], [[sarjana muslim]]<ref>Richard Maxwell Eaton, ''The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760'', University of California Press,1996, - Page 29</ref><ref>Shaikh M. Ghazanfar, ''Medieval Islamic Economic Thought: Filling the Great Gap in European Economics'', Routledge, 2003 [https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0415297788&id=2PW9ZhrASK4C&pg=RA1-PA90&lpg=RA1-PA90&ots=WMuPmEb8hs&dq=fakhr+razi+persian+scholar&sig=gLZVzSUV-lN2fZiMcxEY-vh-pck]</ref> dan pelopor [[logika induktif]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NIJspscleLAC&q=Fakhr+al-Din+al-Razi+father+pioneer&pg=PA239\|title = Philosophy\|access-date=2021-01-19\|archive-date=2023-07-17\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717140212/https://books.google.com/books?id=NIJspscleLAC&q=Fakhr+al-Din+al-Razi+father+pioneer&pg=PA239\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Dia menulis berbagai karya di bidang [[obat-obatan]], [[kimia]], [[fisika]], [[astronomi]], [[kosmologi]], [[literatur]], [[teologi]], [[ontologi]], [[filsafat]], [[sejarah]] dan [[fikih]]. Dia adalah salah satu pendukung dan skeptis paling awal yang muncul dengan konsep [[Multiverse]], dan membandingkannya dengan astronomi Al-Qur'an.<ref name="Cooper">{{citation\|title=al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)\|encyclopedia=[[Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]\|author=John Cooper\|date=1998\|publisher=[[Routledge]]\|url=http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ip/rep/H044.htm\|access-date=2010-03-07\|archive-date=2018-12-26\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226050038/http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ip/rep/H044.htm\|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name=Setia>{{citation\|title=Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi on Physics and the Nature of the Physical World: A Preliminary Survey\|author=Adi Setia\|journal=Islam & Science\|volume=2\|date=2004\|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0QYQ/is_2_2/ai_n9532826/\|access-date=2010-03-02\|archive-date=2012-07-10\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710164222/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0QYQ/is_2_2/ai_n9532826/\|dead-url=no}}</ref> ~~Seorang~~Sebagai seorang penolak model [[geosentrisme]] dan gagasan [[Aristotelianisme]] tentang [[alam semesta]] tunggal yang berputar di sekitar satu dunia, Ar-Razi berargumen tentang keberadaan [[luar angkasa]] di luar dunia yang diketahui.<ref name=Setia/><ref name="universe">{{cite web\|last=Williams\|first=Matt\|title=What Is The Geocentric Model Of The Universe?\|url=https://www.universetoday.com/32607/geocentric-model/\|quote=This was followed by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi’s (1149–1209) publication of his treatise Matalib, which dealt with conceptual physics. In it, he rejected the notion of the Earth’s centrality within the universe and instead proposed a cosmology in which there were a “thousand thousand worlds beyond this world…”\|website=Universe Today\|date=11 January 2016\|access-date=3 October 2020\|archive-date=2023-05-26\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526160720/https://www.universetoday.com/32607/geocentric-model/\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Ar-Razi lahir di [[Ray, Iran\|Ray]], [[Iran]], dan meninggal di [[Herat]], [[~~Afghanistan~~Afganistan]]. Ia meninggalkan korpus yang sangat kaya akan karya ~~filosofis~~filsafat dan ~~teologis~~teologi yang mengungkapkan pengaruh dari karya [[Avicenna]], [[Abu'l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī]] dan [[al-Ghazali]]. Dua karyanya yang berjudul ''Mabāhith al-mashriqiyya fī ‘ilm al-ilāhiyyāt wa-'l-tabi‘iyyāt'' (''Eastern Studies in Metaphysics and Physics'') dan ''al-Matālib al-‘Aliya'' (''The Higher Issues'') biasanya dianggap sebagai karya ~~filosofis~~filsafat penting.<ref name=Routledge>{{cite book\|editor1-last=Taylor\|editor1-first=Richard\|editor2-last=Lopez-farjeat\|editor2-first=Luis Xavier\|title=The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy\|date=2013\|publisher=[[Routledge]]\|isbn=9780415881609\|page=9\|chapter=God and Creation in al-Razi's Commentary on the Qur'an}}</ref> == Konsep ketuhanan == Fakhruddin Ar-Razi menjelaskan konsep ketuhanan di dalam bukunya yang berjudul ''al-Masâil al-Khamsûn fi ushûl al-Dîn''. Pandangannya tentang ketuhanan dipengaruhi oleh mazhab [[Asy'ariyah]]. Ia meyakini bahwa Tuhan dapat dikatakan sebagai sesuatu. Kata "sesuatu" digunakannya hanya untuk menjelaskan tentang keniscayaan tentang adanya Allah dan tidak mempunyai arti lainnya.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Nuruddin\|first=Muhammad\|date=2021\|title=Hal-Hal yang Membingungkan Seputar Tuhan\|location=Depok\|publisher=Keira\|isbn=978-623-7754-64-0\|pages=148\|url-status=live}}</ref> == Referensi == {{reflist}} == ~~Bibliografi~~Daftar pustaka == Untuk kehidupan dan tulisannya, lihat: * [[G.C. Anawati]], ''Fakhr al-Din al-Razi'' in ''The Encyclopedia of Islam'', 2nd edition, ed. by H.A.R. Gibbs, B. Lewis, Ch. Pellat, C. Bosworth et al., 11 vols. (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1960–2002) vol. 2, pp. 751–5. Baris 43 ⟶ 44: * [[Manfred Ullmann]], ''Die Natur- und Geheimwissenschaften im Islam, Handbuch der Orientalistik,'' Abteilung I, Ergänzungsband VI, Abschnitt 2 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1972), pp. 388–390. Untuk ~~risalah nya~~risalahnya tentang [[Fisiognomi]], lihat: * [[Yusef Mourad]], ''La physiognomie arabe et le Kitab al-firasa de Fakhr al-Din al-Razi'' (Paris, 1939). [[Kategori:Ilmuwan Muslim]]▼ {{islam-stub}}▼ ▲{{islam-stub}} ▲[[Kategori:Ilmuwan Muslim]]