Perang Kemerdekaan Spanyol: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 2:
|conflict=Perang Kemerdekaan Spanyol
|partof= [[Perang Napoleon]]
|image=[[Berkas:
|caption=''[[The Second of May 1808|The Second of May, 1808: The Charge of the Mamelukes]]'', oleh [[Francisco Goya]] (1814)
|date=[[2 Mei]] [[1808]] (
|place=[[Semenanjung Iberia]]
|result=Kemenangan Sekutu; [[Traktat Paris (1814)|Perjanjian Fontainebleau]]
|combatant1=[[Berkas:Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg|22px]] [[Spanyol]]{{br}}{{negaranama|Britania Raya}} {{br}}[[Berkas:Flag Portugal (1707).svg|22px|
|combatant2={{negara|
|commander1={{negara|Britania Raya}} [[
|commander2={{negara|
}}
'''Perang Kemerdekaan Spanyol''' atau '''Perang Semenanjung''' adalah perang yang terjadi antara persekutuan [[Spanyol]], [[Britania Raya]] dan [[Kerajaan Portugal|Portugal]] melawan [[
== Kondisi gereja ==
Salah seorang kolonel dari [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] yang bernama Lemanouski memberikan laporan mengenai kondisi [[gereja]] di Spanyol pada tahun 1808. Pelaporan ini dilakukan setelah penaklukan [[Spanyol]] pada tahun tersebut. Lemanouski melaporkan bahwa para pastor dari ordo [[Dominikan]] di Madrid mengurung diri di dalam biara. Mereka merupakan petugas dari [[Inkuisisi]] yang mengklaim bahwa di dalam gereja mereka tidak terdapat alat-alat penyiksaan. Setelah gereja mereka digeledah, pasukan Lemanouski menemukan ruangan bawah tanah yang merupakan tempat penyiksaan. Lemanouski melaporkan bahwa ruangan tersebut dipenuhi para tawanan yang semuanya dalam keadaan telanjang. Beberapa di antara tawanan tersebut juga dalam kondisi gila. Lemanouski dan pasukannya kemudian mengosongkan ruangan tersebut dan meledakkan biaranya.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Husaini|first=Adian|date=2005|title=Wajah Peradaban Barat: Dari Hegemoni Kristen ke Dominasi Sekuler Liberal|location=Jakarta|publisher=Gema Insani|isbn=978-602-250-517-4|pages=35|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
<references />
*Gates, David. ''The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War.'' Da Capo Press 2001. ISBN 0-306-81083-2▼
*Glover, Michael. ''The Peninsular War 1807-1814.'' Penguin Books 2003. ISBN 0-14-139041-7▼
*Henriques, Mendo. ''Salamanca.'' Lisbon, 2002. ISBN 972-8563-80-9▼
*[[William Francis Patrick Napier|Napier, William]]. ''The War in the Peninsula'' (6 vols), London: John Murray (Vol 1), and private (Vols 2-6), 1828-40.▼
*Sunderland, Mark. ''The Fatal Hill: The Allied Campaign under Beresford in Southern Spain in 1811.'' Thompson Publishing, London 2002. *ISBN 0-9522930-7-2 ([http://www.napoleon-series.org/reviews/military/c_fatalhill.html Long Review])▼
*Urban, Mark. ''The Man who Broke Napoleon's Codes.'' Faber and Faber Ltd, London 2001. ISBN 0-571-20513-5,▼
==
*
*
*
▲* Henriques, Mendo. ''Salamanca.'' Lisbon, 2002. ISBN 972-8563-80-9
*Fletcher, Ian ''Peninsular War; Aspects of the Struggle for the Iberian Peninsula'' Spellmount Publishers, 2003, ISBN 1-873376-82-0.▼
▲* [[William Francis Patrick Napier|Napier, William]]. ''The War in the Peninsula'' (6 vols), London: John Murray (Vol 1), and private (Vols 2-6), 1828-40.
*Fletcher, Ian (ed.) ''The Campaigns of Wellington'', (3 vols), Vol 1. The Peninsular War 1808–1811; Vol. 2. The Peninsular War 1812–1814, The Folio Society, 2007.▼
*
▲* Sunderland, Mark. ''The Fatal Hill: The Allied Campaign under Beresford in Southern Spain in 1811.'' Thompson Publishing, London 2002. *ISBN 0-9522930-7-2 ([http://www.napoleon-series.org/reviews/military/c_fatalhill.html Long Review])
*Griffith, Paddy ''A History of the Peninsular War: Modern Studies of the War in Spain and Portugal, 1808-14 v. 9'' Greenhill Books, 1999, ISBN 1-85367-348-X.▼
*
▲* Urban, Mark. ''The Man who Broke Napoleon's Codes.'' Faber and Faber Ltd, London 2001. ISBN 0-571-20513-5,
*Suchet, Marshal Duke D'Albufera ''Memoirs of the War in Spain'' Pete Kautz, 2007, 2 volumes: ISBN 1-85818-477-0 & ISBN 1-85818-476-2.▼
* Esdaile, Charles J. ''Fighting Napoleon'' Yale University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-300-10112-0.
▲*
▲*
▲* Fletcher, Ian ''Peninsular War; Aspects of the Struggle for the Iberian Peninsula'' Spellmount Publishers, 2003, ISBN 1-873376-82-0.
▲* Fletcher, Ian (ed.) ''The Campaigns of Wellington'', (3 vols), Vol 1. The Peninsular War 1808–1811; Vol. 2. The Peninsular War 1812–1814, The Folio Society, 2007.
* Goya, Francisco ''The Disasters of War'' Dover Publications, 1967, ISBN 0-486-21872-4.
▲* Griffith, Paddy ''A History of the Peninsular War: Modern Studies of the War in Spain and Portugal, 1808-14 v. 9'' Greenhill Books, 1999, ISBN 1-85367-348-X.
* Lovett, Gabriel H. ''Napoleon and the Birth of Modern Spain'' New York UP, 1965, ISBN 0-8147-0267-8.
▲* Suchet, Marshal Duke D'Albufera ''Memoirs of the War in Spain'' Pete Kautz, 2007, 2 volumes: ISBN 1-85818-477-0 & ISBN 1-85818-476-2.
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cruel_war_in_Spain.html The Cruel War in Spain - Armies, Battles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070301061414/http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cruel_war_in_Spain.html |date=2007-03-01 }}
* [http://www.bicentenariobailen.com Bicentenario de la Batalla de Bailen]
* [http://www.peninsularwar.org/ Peninsular War]
* [http://www.redcoat.info/memindex3.htm List of British Peninsular War officer deaths] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051124082444/http://www.redcoat.info/memindex3.htm |date=2005-11-24 }}
* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part5.htm#nap Royal Engineers Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060520194310/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part5.htm#nap |date=2006-05-20 }} Royal Engineers and the Napoleonic Wars
* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/campaign/rem_campaign_peninsular.htm Royal Engineers Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505013817/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/campaign/rem_campaign_peninsular.htm |date=2009-05-05 }} The Engineers and the Peninsular War (1808-14)
* [http://www.wtj.com/archives/wellington/ Wellington's dispatches from the Peninsular War and Waterloo: 1808 - 1815]
* [http://pwp.netcabo.pt/netmendo/gp%20documenta.htm The British Army in Portugal and Spain: Its Order-of-Battle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071103163014/http://pwp.netcabo.pt/netmendo/gp%20documenta.htm |date=2007-11-03 }}
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[[Kategori:Perang
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Spanyol]]
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Britania Raya]]
[[Kategori:Perang yang melibatkan Portugal]]
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