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{{Infobox orang}}
[[Berkas:Foto Archibald Henry Sayce.jpg|miniatur|A. H. Sayce (1846-1933)]]
 
'''Archibald Henry Sayce''' ({{lahirmati|[[Bristol], Inggris|25|9|1846|[[Bath]], Inggris|4|2|1933}}) adalah seorang pelopor, ahli Assyriology dan bahasa asing asal [[Britania Raya]]. Ia adalah seorang pendeta yang juga menjabat sebagai Professor of Assyriology pada [[Universitas Oxford]] dari tahun 1891 sampai 1919.
 
== Riwayat hidup ==
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Pada tahun 1876, he deciphered one of the [[logogram|hieroglyphic]]s inscribed on stones at [[Hamath]] in Syria, by deducing that the profile of a man stood for "I". In 1880, he deciphered another hieroglyphic which he recognised as the governing prefix that identified divinity. He had suspected for some time that [[Boghazkoy]] was the capital of the [[Hittites]] because some hieroglyphic scripts found at [[Aleppo]] and Hamath in northern Syria were matched to the script on a monument at Boghazkoy.
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Pada tahun 1882, dalam suatu kuliah pada ''Society of Biblical Archaeology'' di [[London]], ia mengumumkan bahwa [[bangsa Het]] (''Hittites''), bukanlah suku kecil di [[Kanaan]] yang berhubungan dengan raja-raja [[Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)|Kerajaan Israel Utara]], melainkan adalah penduduk dari suatu "Kekaisaran Hittite" yang hilang, yang disebut-sebut dalam teks-teks Mesir dari zaman Kerajaan Baru. Ia dan [[:en:William Wright (missionary)|William Wright]] mengidentifikasi reruntuhan di Boghazkoy sebagai [[Hattusa]], ibukotaibu kota kekaisaran Hittite yang membentang dari [[Laut Aegea]] sampai ke tepi [[sungai Efrat]], berabad-abad sebelum masa hidup para leluhur Israel yang dicatat pada [[Alkitab]] [[Kristen]] bagian [[Perjanjian Lama]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Trevor|last=Bryce|authorlink=Trevor R. Bryce|title=Life and Society in the Hittite World|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordmoralskept00libg|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2002|page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordmoralskept00libg/page/n17 3]}}</ref>
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Sayce concluded that the Hittite hieroglyphic system was predominantly a [[syllabary]], that is, its symbols stood for a phonetic syllable. There were too many different signs for a system that was alphabetical and yet there were too few for it to be a set of ideographs. That very sign standing for the divinity had appeared on the stones of Hamath and other places, always in the form of a prefix of an indecipherable group of hieroglyphics naming the deities. This led Sayce to conclude that by finding the name of one of these deities with the help of another language endowed with similar pronunciation, one might analyse the conversion of the aforesaid name in Hittite hieroglyphics. Also, he stated that the keys to be obtained through that process might in turn be applied to other parts of a Hittite inscription where the same sign were to occur.
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== Karya ==
 
* {{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TjcsAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=An Assyrian grammar, for comparative purposes|author=Archibald Henry Sayce|editor=|year=1872|publisher=Trübner|edition=|location=|page=|isbn=|pages=188|volume=|accessdate=5 July 2011}}
* {{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=MYIOAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=An elementary grammar: with full syllabary and progressive reading book, of the Assyrian language, in the cuneiform type|author=Archibald Henry Sayce|editor=|year=1877|publisher=Samuel Bagster and Sons|edition=2|location=|page=|isbn=|pages=131|volume=|accessdate=5 July 2011}}
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* ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Png-AAAAYAAJ& Patriarchal Palestine]'' (1895)
* ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=aEkqAAAAYAAJ& The Egypt of the Hebrews and Herodotus]'' (1895)
* ''A History of Classical Greek Literature'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=pwQRAAAAIAAJ& Pt.1] & [http://books.google.com/books?id=S5AWAAAAYAAJ& Pt.2] (1895)
* ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=JqtDAAAAYAAJ& Early History of the Hebrews]'' (1897)
* ''Israel and the Surrounding Nations'' (1898)
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== Referensi ==
 
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{Wikisource author|Archibald Henry Sayce}}
* {{gutenberg author| id=Archibald+Henry+Sayce | name=Archibald Sayce}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:SauceSayce, Archibald}}▼
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
[[Kategori:Universitas Oxford]]
| NAME = Sauce, Archibald
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = British assyriologist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 25 September 1846
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 4 February 1933
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
▲{{DEFAULTSORT:Sauce, Archibald}}
[[Category:1846 births|Sayce, Archibald]]
[[Category:1933 deaths|Sayce, Archibald]]
[[Category:People from Bristol|Sayce, Archibald]]
[[Category:Linguists from England|Sayce, Archibald]]
[[Category:English Assyriologists|Sayce, A]]
[[Category:Fellows of The Queen's College, Oxford]]
[[Kategori:Tokoh Kristen Britania Raya]]
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