Wikipedia

Kembang sungsang: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Wagino Bot (bicara | kontrib)
Bot
4.157.822 suntingan
k →References: Bot: Perubahan kosmetika
Mitgatvm Bot (bicara | kontrib)
Bot
63.383 suntingan
k →top: Parameter klad
 
(11 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{taxoboxTaxobox
| color = {{tc2|tumbuhan}}
|name = ''Kembang sungsang''
|image = Gloriosa rothschildiana 01.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Gloriosa superba]]''
|regnum = [[Tumbuhan|Plantae]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]}}
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]}}
|unranked_classis = [[Monokotil]]
{{kladtb|[[Monokotil]]}}
|ordo = [[Liliales]]
|familia = [[Colchicaceae]]
|genus = '''''[[Gloriosa''']]''
|genus_authorityspecies_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|species = '''''G. superba'''''
|subdivision_ranks = SpeciesSpesies
|subdivision =
lihat teks
|}}
[[Berkas:Gloriosa superba.jpg|ka|jmpl|220px|''Gloriosa superba'']]
'''Kembang sungsang''' (istilah serapan dari {{lang-jv|ꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ​ꦱꦸꦁꦱꦁꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁꦱꦸꦁꦱꦁ|kêmbang sungsang}}) adalah tumbuhan yang merupakan salah satu dari enam jenis dalam [[genus]] ''Gloriosa'' (suku [[Colchicaceae]]). Tumbuhan ini umum dijumpai di [[kepulauan Indonesia]], [[tumbuhan merambat|merambat]], dengan [[umbi]] yang dapat bertahan pada keadaan kering. Umbi kembang sungsang beracun sekaligus berkhasiat pengobatan.
 
Tumbuhan ini biasa dijadikan tanaman hias pekarangan karena bunganya yang berwarna terang dan berbentuk khas.
 
== Toksikologi ==
Seluruh bagian mengandung [[kolkisina]] dan beberapa turunannya, tetapi [[akar]] dan [[umbi]]nya memiliki [[konsentrasi]] terbesar. Bersentuhan dengan cairan tumbuhan ini dapat menyebabkan iritasi kulit.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sudarwati|first=Kurnia|date=2020-09-27|title=Cantik dan Beracun, Bunga Sungsang Nyatanya Juga Bermanfaat untuk Pengobatan - Ringtimes Banyuwangi - Halaman 2|url=https://ringtimesbanyuwangi.pikiran-rakyat.com/gaya-hidup/pr-17778756/cantik-dan-beracun-bunga-sungsang-nyatanya-juga-bermanfaat-untuk-pengobatan?page=2|website=ringtimesbanyuwangi.pikiran-rakyat.com|language=id|access-date=2023-01-15}}</ref> Sepersepuluh akar kembang sungsang dapat mematikan seorang dewasa.<ref>{{factCite web|last=|date=2020-03-19|title=Bunga Sungsang, Si Cantik yang Memikat dan Beracun|url=https://keposiasi.com/2020/03/bunga-sungsang/|website=Keposiasi|language=|access-date=2023-01-15}}.</ref>
 
<!-- ==BotanyReferensi==
{{reflist}}▼
''Gloriosa'' climb or scramble over other plants with the aid of [[tendril]]s at the ends of their [[Leaf|leaves]] and can reach 3 meters in height. They have showy [[flower]]s, distinctive because of their pronouncedly reflexed petals, like a Turk’s cap lily, ranging in colour from a greenish-yellow through yellow, orange, red and sometimes even a deep pinkish-red. All parts of the plant contain [[colchicine]] and related alkaloids and are therefore dangerously toxic if ingested, especially the tubers; contact with the stems and leaves can cause skin irritation. Various preparations of the plant are also used in traditional medicines for a variety of complaints in both Africa and India.
 
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2175092}}▼
''G. superba'' is the national flower of [[Zimbabwe]], and was the national flower of [[Rhodesia]]. It is also the state flower of [[Tamil Nadu]] state in India and in 2004 was adopted as official flower of the de facto rebel lands of [[Tamil Eelam]] in Sri Lanka.
 
[[Kategori:ColchicaceaeGloriosa]]▼
Some synonyms, arising from the many variations, for ''[[Gloriosa superba]]'' include ''G. rothschildiana'' (or ''G. superba'' ‘Rothschildiana’), ''G. simplex'', ''G. virescens'', ''G. abyssinica'', ''G. carsonii'', ''G. minor'', ''G. lutea'', ''G. baudii''.
[[Kategori:Tanaman hias]]▼
 
==Etymology==
The most common names of Gloriosa are:
 
{| border="2" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align="center"
![[Language]] !![[Vernacular Name]]
|----
|[[English language|English]]
|Flame lily{{br}}Fire lily{{br}}Gloriosa lily{{br}}Glory lily{{br}}Superb lily{{br}}Climbing lily{{br}}Creeping lily
|------
|[[Zimbabwean]]
|Amakukhulume (Ndebele){{br}}Kajongwe (Shona)
|------
|[[Hindi]]
|Harihari{{br}}Kalihari
|------
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|Sen-kandhal{{br}}Karthigai Poo
|------
|[[Maori]]
|Rire vaevae-moa{{br}}Riri vavai-moa{{br}}Vavai moa
|------
|[[Rakahanga-Manihiki]]
|Tiare mokora
|------
|[[Tongarevan]] (spoken)
|Lili vaevae mokola
|------
|[[Tongarevan]] (written)
|Riri vaevae mokora
|------
|[[Swedish]]
|Klänglilja
|-----
|}
 
==Description==
 
===Habit===
Herb
 
===Genus===
"Scandent herbs, the rootstock a horizontal rhizome, the stem leafy, the leaves spirally arranged or subopposite, the upper ones with [[cirrhose]] tips; flowers solitary, large, borne on long, spreading [[pedicels]], [[actinomorphic]], [[hermaphrodite]]; [[perianth]] segments 6, free, [[lanceolate]], keeled within at base, long-persistent; stamens 6, [[hypogynous]], the anthers [[extrorse]], [[medifixed]] and versatile, opening by longitudinal slits; ovary superior, 3-celled, the carpels cohering only by their inner margins, the ovules numerous, the style deflected at base and projecting from the flower more or less horizontally; fruit a [[loculicidal]] capsule with many seeds" <ref>(Smith, 1979; pp. 141-142)</ref>.
 
===Species===
A "[[scandent]] plant, climbing by leaftip tendrils. The [[perianth]] segments, which are [[accrescent]] during [[anthesis]] and become reflexed, are striking in color, yellow proximally and at margins and dark red in the median portion" <ref>(Smith, 1979; pp. 141-142)</ref>.
 
===Habitat/ecology===
In Australia, "scattered naturalized populations exist in the understorey of coastal dry [[sclerophyll]] forest and sand dune vegetation throughout south-east [[Queensland]] and [[New South Wales]]" <ref>(Csurhes & Edwards, 1998; pp. 164-165)</ref>. It is considered a rampant and dangerous invasive weed in Australia, dominating the coastal dunes at the expense of native species and leading to deaths of native animals and birds when ingested.
 
===Propagation===
"Propagation generally occurs from seeds, although mature plants can be divided and grown from tubers. The hard seeds can remain dormant for 6-9 months." <ref>(Narain, 1977, cited in Csurhes & Edwards, 1998; pp. 164-165)</ref>. Its native range is Southeastern Asia and parts of Malaysia, but now widely cultivated<ref>(Smith, 1979; pp. 141-142)</ref>.
 
==References==
▲{{reflist}}
 
▲[[Kategori:Colchicaceae]]
[[Kategori:National symbols of Zimbabwe]]
 
-->
{{liliales-stub}}
{{Tumbuhan-stub}}
▲{{Taxonbar|from=Q2175092}}
 
[[Kategori:Colchicaceae]]
▲[[Kategori:Tanaman hias]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kembang_sungsang"