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| image = Bananas.jpg
| image_caption = Pisang ''Cavendish''
| regnum = [[Tumbuhan|Plantae]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]}}
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
{{kladtb|[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]}}
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
{{kladtb|[[Monokotil]]}}
{{kladtb|[[Komelinid]]}}
| ordo = [[Zingiberales]]
| familia = [[Musaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Musa (Musaceaegenus)|Musa]]''
| species = '''''Musa''''' spp.
}}
'''Pisang Cavendish''' merupakan komoditas [[buah]] [[tropis]] yang sangat popular di dunia, di Indonesia, pisang ini lebih dikenal dengan sebutan '''Pisang Ambon Putih'''.<ref name="nisa"> Nisa C, Rodinah. 2005. Kultur jaringan beberapa kultivar buah pisang (Musa paradisiacal L.) dengan pemberian campuran hormon [[NAA]] dan [[kinetin]]. ''Bioscientiae'' 2: 23-36.</ref> Pisang Cavendish banyak dikembang biakan menggunakan metode [[kultur jaringan]].<ref name=bio/> Keunggulan bibit pisang hasil kultur jaringan dibandingkan dengan bibit dari anakan adalah bibit kultur jaringan terbebas dari penyakit seperti layu moko akibat ''Pseudomonas solanacearum'' dan layu panama akibat ''Fusarium oxysporum cubense''.<ref name=bio/> Dalam kultur jaringan pisang, sampai saat ini yang banyak dikenal adalah kultur dengan [[eksplan]] [[bonggol]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-11-08|title=Kadar Kalium Dalam Buah Pisang Ambon - Jurnal Harian Regional|url=https://jurnal.harianregional.com/index.php/jfu/article/view/62034|language=id|access-date=2023-11-10}}</ref>.<ref name=nisa/>
== Karakteristik ==
Pohon Pisang Cavendish mempunyai [[tinggi]] batang 2,5 – 3 m dengan [[warna]] hijau kehitaman.<ref name=bio>BIOTROP. 2008. SEAMEO BIOTROP. [terhubung berkala]. http://www.biotrop.org. [17 Februari 2009].</ref> Daunnya berwarna hijau tua. Panjang [[Tandan]] 60 – 100 cm dengan berat 15 – 30 kg.<ref name=bio/> Setiap tandan terdiri dari 8 - 13 sisiran dan setiap sisiran ada 12 - 22 buah.<ref name=bio/> Daging buah dari pisang ini putih kekuningan, rasanya [[manis]] agak [[asam]], dan [[lunak]].<ref name=bio/> Kulit buah agak tebal berwarna hijau kekuningan sampai kuning muda halus.<ref name=bio/>
Walter Scott was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, August 15, 1771. His father was a farmer and his mother, Anne Rutherford, was the daughter of Dr. John Rutherford, who was one of the founders of the medical school of Edinburgh. Mrs. Scott was fond of poetry and anecdotes and it was from her that Walter received inspiration. Walter was one of ten children. The other children's only claim to fame was that they had, "good health and untamable spirits." In contrast, Walter was afflicted at twenty-one months with something which a biographer describes as, "a paralytic affection, super induced, or at least aggravated by scrofulous habit of body. "It is sufficient to say that it made him lame and doubtless pushed him into more academic pursuits. He spent much time with his grandparents, but it was "Aunt Jenny" who took a special interest in him and influenced him to write. His visits to an uncle, Dr. Rutherford, professor of botany at the University of Edinburgh, brought him into contact with scholarly people. His parents were very religious and imposed strict piety upon all their children. Walter was never very deeply affected religiously, however. His works, which contain much about the church, seek neither to elevate nor to censure it, but rather to depict it, for it was history and not philosophy that interested him most. His first novel, Waverly, was published anonymously. Although Scott probably never intended that "Laurence Templeton" should be taken as a real person, he was attempting to remain in anonymity by the use of the name. His publishers persuaded him to allow further novels to be designated as "by the author of Waverly," and for this reason some of his novels were called the "Waverly Novels." Although he published biographies of Swift and Dryden and some history, as well as poems and novels, his chief claim to distinction is his contribution to Romanticism and the historical novel. He suffered from many physical ailments, one particularly serious one in adolescence, which made him, in his own words, "a glutton of books." Scott became seriously ill before Ivanhoe was finished and dictated much of it from his sickbed. His popularity, both socially and as a writer, was almost unparalleled. He was married in 1797 to Margaret Charlotte Carpenter, who bore him three sons and two daughters. Scott received his title and baronetcy from King George IV in the spring of 1820. He died, Sir Walter Scott, in September 21, 1832 at Abbotsford.
== Kondisi pertumbuhan ==
[[Suhu]] merupakan [[faktor]] utama untuk [[pertumbuhan]] tanaman Pisang Cavendish.<ref name=pri> Prihatman K. 2000. Pisang (Musa spp.). [terhubung berkala]. http://www.aagos.ristek.go.id/pertanian/pisang.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521045737/http://www.aagos.ristek.go.id/pertanian/pisang.pdf |date=2009-05-21 }} [10 Feb 2009].</ref> Suhu [[optimum]] untuk pertumbuhannya adalah sekitar 27 ° C, dan suhu maksimumnya 38 ° C.<ref name=pri/> Tanaman ini tumbuh di daerah [[tropis]] dan [[subtropis]], pisang ini tidak dapat tumbuh di [[dataran tinggi]], ketinggian di atas 1600 m dpl. Kebanyakan pisang tumbuh baik di lahan terbuka, tetapi kelebihan penyinaran akan menyebabkan terbakar-matahati (''sunburn'').<ref name=pri/> Tanaman ini juga sangat [[sensitif]] terhadap [[angin]] kencang karena dapat menyebabkan daunnya rusak dan robek, [[distorsi]] [[tajuk]] dan merobohkan pohonnya. Untuk pertumbuhan yang [[optimal]], curah hujan yang diperlukan sekitar 200-220 200–220 mm, dan [[kelembapan]] tanahnya tidak kurang dari 60-70% dari kapasitas lapangan.<ref name=pri/> Tanah yang paling baik untuk pertumbuhan Pisang Cavendish adalah [[tanah liat]] yang dalam dan [[gembur]] serta yang memiliki pengeringan dan [[aerasi]] yang baik.<ref name=pri/> Tanaman ini toleran terhadap [[pH]] 4,5-7,5.<ref name=pri/>
== Penyakit ==
Salah satu jenis [[penyakit]] yang kerap menyerang tanaman Pisang Cavendish adalah layu panama atau sering dikenal dengan nama layu fusarium.<ref name=pri/> Penyakit ini membuat [[daun pisang]] menjadi layu dan mudah putus. Jamur penyebab penyakit ini adalah ''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' f.sp. ''cubense'', yang mampu bertahan lama di dalam [[tanah]] sebagai [[klamidospora]] sehingga sulit untuk dikendalikan.<ref name=car>{{en}} Carol A.A. et al. 1992. Uptake and metabolism of benzyladenin during shoot organogenesis in Petunia leaf explants. ''Plant Growth Regulation'' 11:105-114.</ref> Sejumlah cara pengendaliannya telah diteliti, namun belum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan.<ref name=wid>Widono S, Sumardiyono C, Hadisutrisno B. 2003. Pengimbasan ketahanan pisang terhadap penyakit layu fusarium dengan Burkholderia cepacia. ''Agrosains'' 5:72-79.</ref> Contohnya adalah pengendalian hayati [[patogen]] yang ditularkan melalui tanah dan penggunaan jenis [[bakteri]] tertentu untuk mengendalikan patogen yang ditularkan melalui tanah tersebut.<ref name=wid/>
Strictly speaking, Scott's novels may be divided into three groups: the first series, seven novels in all (1814-1818), called "Tales of my Landlord," deal with Scottish history (e. g.,Waverley in 1814 and Guy Mannering, The Astrologerin 1815 to A Legend of Montrosein 1819); those which deal with the Crusades and the Middle Ages (e. g., Ivanhoe in 1819 to The Talisman in 1825); and those miscellaneous novels such as Kenil worth(1821) and Woodstock(1826) which cover later figures and events in European history. Until 1827, he published his novels anonymously; under six aliases he published some twenty-eight novels. A side from his important biographical, antiquarian, and historical work, epitomized by his Lives of the Novelists(1821-4) and The Life of Napoleon(1827), Scott was a pioneering critic and commentator. In 1823, he founded the Bannatyne Club for the publication of old Scottish papers, the club being named for George Bannatyne (1545-1608), a collector of Scottish poems. Scott also prompted the founding of a partisan conservative quarterly review (which occurred when William Blackwood established the markedly Tory Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine in 1817); he had been an avid contributor to The Edinburgh Review(founded in 1802 by Francis Jeffrey, Henry Broughton, and Sidney Smith, and published by the house of Constable), but had severed his connections with the magazine over its generally Whiggish perspective and somewhat anti-Romantic attitude. For example, The Edinburgh Review was entirely negative about Southey and the other Lake Poets, whose work Scott admired.
Selain [[layu panama]], tanaman Pisang Cavendish juga dapat terkena [[penyakit]] ''Mycosphaerella Leaf Disease Complex'' (MLDC). Gejala-gejala yang ditimbulkan oleh penyakit ini adalah [[perkembangan]] tanaman yang [[buruk]], [[Daun|daun-daun]] menjadi layu dengan cepat, jumlah daun-daun yang sehat semakin berkurang, timbulnya tandan yang buruk, buah-buah yang dihasilkan tidak baik, dan perkembangan buahnya menjadi [[prematur]].<ref>{{en}} Soomary SD, Benimadhu SP. 1997. The Mycosphaerella leaf disease complex (MLDC) of banana in Mauritius. ''Food and Agricultural Research Council, Reduit, Mauritius''.</ref> Sedangkan, contoh penyakit-penyakit lain dari Pisang Cavendish adalah ''Yellow Sigatoka'' yang disebabkan oleh ''M. musicola'' dan ''Black Leaf Streak'' atau ''Black Sigatoka'' yang disebabkan oleh ''M. fijiensis''.<ref>{{en}} Udugama S. 2002. Septoria leaf-spot disease of banana Mycosphaerella eumusae: a new record for Sri Lanka. ''Annals of the Sri Lanka Depart. of Agricul''. 4: 337-343.</ref>
Like his father, he studied law, but he soon discovered his passion for folklore and ballads, which he at first wrote a romantic poetry. In 1814, he started his career as a novelist with Waverley. In 1819, Scott turned his attention to another popular folk story, Ivanhoe. He died at Abbotsford on September 21, 1832. Introduction to the Novel Ivanhoe is a novel by Sir Walter Scottt. It was written in 1819 and set in 12th century in England, an example of historical fiction. It is Scott’s best know novel among with his series of novel set in his native Scotland including Guy Mannering(1815),Old Mortary(1816), and The Heart of Midlothian (1818). Ivanhoe was written in 1819, but it was retold by Britt Katrin Keson, published by arrangement with Asehe houg Dansk Forlag, Denmark in 1996. In Indonesia, it was published in 2000 by Dian Rakyat.
== Referensi ==
{{Commonscat|Banana cultivars|{{PAGENAME}}}}
{{reflist}}
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[[Kategori:Buah-buahan]]
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