Atsariyah: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Islam Sunni|Mazhab akidah}}

* {{Cite book |last=Pall |first=Zoltan |title=Salafism in Lebanon: Local and Transnational Movements |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-108-42688-6 |location=One Liberty Plaza, New York, NY 10016, USA |pages=16 |chapter=Introduction}}

* {{harvtxt|Abrahamov|2016|pp=263–279}}}} Mazhab akidah ini muncul pada akhir abad ke-8 M dari para ulama ''[[Ahli Hadis]]'', sebuah gerakan keagamaan [[Islam]] yang menolak doktrin teologis Islam rasionalistik (''[[Ilmu kalam|kalām]]'') serta mendukung pemaknaan tekstual yang ketat dalam hal menafsirkan [[Al-Qur'an]] dan [[hadis]].<ref name="Abrahamov 2016">{{Cite book|last=Abrahamov|first=Binyamin|year=2016|title=The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology|location=[[Oxford]] and [[New York City|New York]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=9780199696703|editor-last=Schmidtke|editor-first=Sabine|editor-link=Sabine Schmidtke|pages=263–279|chapter=Part I: Islamic Theologies during the Formative and the Early Middle period – Scripturalist and Traditionalist Theology|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696703.013.025|lccn=2016935488|orig-year=2014|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=70wnDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA263}}</ref><ref name="Halverson-36q">{{Harvard citation text|Halverson|2010}}. "The Atharis can thus be described as a school or movement led by a contingent of scholars (''[[ulama]]''), typically [[Mazhab Hambali|Hanbalite]] or even [[Mazhab Syafi'i|Shafi'ite]], which retained influence, or at the very least a shared sentiment and conception of piety, well beyond the limited range of Hanbalite communities. This body of scholars continued to reject theology in favor of strict textualism well after Ash'arism had infiltrated the Sunni schools of law. It is for these reasons that we must delineate the existence of a distinct traditionalist, anti-theological movement, which defies strict identification with any particular ''madhhab'', and therefore cannot be described as Hanbalite."</ref> Namanya berasal dari kata ''[[Hadis|aṡar]]'' yang berarti "tradisional".<ref name="Abrahamov 2016" /> Penganutnya dikenal sebagai "''Ahli Atsar''", "''[[Ahli Hadis]]''", dll.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Azoulay|first=Rivka|year=2020|title=Kuwait and Al-Sabah: Tribal Politics and Power in an Oil State|location=50 Bedford Square, London, UK|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=978-1-8386-0505-6|page=224}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Vlad Ghiță|first=Adrian|year=2019|title=Revivalismul islamic. Tendinţe înnoitoare|trans-title=Islamic Revivalism: Renewing trends|url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=880377|journal=Theology and Life|volume=40|issue=9–12|pages=143|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|url-status=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bishara|first=Azmi|year=2022|title=On Salafism: Concepts and Contexts|location=Stanford, California, USA|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=9781503631786|page=2|chapter=1: What is Salafism?|lccn=2021061200}}</ref>

[[Sejarawan Islam|Sejarawan]] dan [[fakih]] Muslim beranggapan bahwa sahabat Nabi Islam Muhammad, [[Zubair bin Awwam]] adalah salah satu ulama tradisionalis dan tekstualis paling awal yang memengaruhi skolastisisme Atsariyah.<ref name="Alwani Fiqh methodology">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Alwani|DeLorenzo|Al-Shikh-Ali|2003}}</ref> Pendekatan proto-tekstualis Zubair<ref name="Filsafat Hukum Islam dari teori dan implementasi">{{Harvard citation text|Taufiq|2019}}</ref> memengaruhi ulama [[Ahli Hadis]]. Hal ini ditandai dengan pendekatan mereka terhadap kepatuhan literal terhadap teks Al-Qur'an dan hadis, sementara sebagian besar menolak ''[[Kias (fikih)|Qiyas]]'' (analogi) yang diajukan oleh [[Ahlur Ra’yi|Ahlur-Ra'y]] (ahli logika).<ref name="Alwani Fiqh methodology" /> Pandangan ketat yang diungkapkan oleh az-Zubair mengenai [[Tafsir|penafsiran Al-Qur'an]] muncul dalam biografi besarnya yang disusun oleh para ulama. Termasuk nasihat Zubair kepada salah satu anaknya untuk tidak pernah memperdebatkan pemaknaan teks Al-Qur'an dengan akal. Menurut Zubair, tafsir Al-Qur'an harus disempurnakan dengan pemahaman hadis dan [[sunnah]]. Pandangan anti-rasionalistis, tradisionalistis, dan berorientasi hadis seperti itu juga dimiliki oleh banyak ulama berpengaruh dalam sejarah yang mencapai peringkat [[Ijtihad|mujtahid mutlak]] seperti ulama Syafiʽi [[Ibnu Katsir]], ulama Hanbali [[Ibnu Taimiyah]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stowasser|first=Barbara Freyer|date=1996|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3YhpAgAAQBAJ|title=Women in the Qur'an, Traditions, and Interpretation|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-976183-8|pages=9|language=en}}</ref>{{Sfnp|Spevack|2014}} [[Ibnu Hazm]], [[Muhammad bin Ismail al-Bukhari|al-Bukhari]],<ref name="Lucas, Scott journall bukhari">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lucas|2006}}</ref> dan juga ulama dari mazhab [[Mazhab Jariri|Jariri]] dan [[Mazhab Zhahiri|Zhahiri]] .<ref name="dEVIN Stewart Zahiri Jariri">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Stewart|2002}}</ref>

 

 

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