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Revisi per 11 Februari 2021 16.06 sunting InternetArchiveBot (bicara \| kontrib) Bot 689.883 suntingan Add 4 books for Wikipedia:Pemastian (20210209)) #IABot (v2.0.8) (GreenC bot ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 19 Agustus 2024 13.30 sunting balikkan AABot (bicara \| kontrib) Bot, Pengecualian blokir IP 913.306 suntingan k Bot: Mengganti kategori yang dialihkan Penemu Amerika Serikat menjadi Pereka cipta Amerika Serikat Tag: paws [2.2]
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Baris 19: }} '''Henry Edward "Ed" Roberts''' ({{lahirmati\|[[Miami, Florida]], Amerika Serikat\|13\|9\|1941\|[[Cochran, Georgia]], Amerika Serikat\|1\|4\|2010}}) adalah seorang teknisi, pengusaha, dan dokter [[Amerika Serikat]] yang menemukan komputer pribadi pertama yang sukses secara komersial pada tahun 1975.<ref name = "AJC April 27, 1997">{{Cite news\|last = Emerson\|first = Bo\|title = Doctor of invention Computer pioneer keeping it personal as a small-town doc\|newspaper = [[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]]\|page = M 01\|date = April 27, 1997}} The article gives his date of birth as September 13, 1941.</ref> Ia lebih dikenal sebagai "[[Daftar tokoh yang dianggap bapak atau ibu suatu bidang#Penemuan\|bapak]] [[Sejarah komputer pribadi\|komputer pribadi]]".<ref name = "BBC April 2010">{{Cite news\|title = Microsoft founders lead tributes to 'father of the PC'\|work = BBC News\|date = April 2, 2010\|url = http://www.webcitation.org/68ffsof6t\|accessdate <!= April 2, 2010\|archive-date = 2013-11-09\|archive-url ~~http~~= https://~~news~~web.~~bbc~~archive.~~co.uk~~org/2web/hi20131109061106/~~technology~~http:/~~8600493~~/www.~~stm -->~~webcitation.org/68ffsof6t\|~~accessdate~~dead-url = ~~April 2, 2010~~ yes}}</ref> Ia mendirikan [[Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems]] (MITS) tahun 1970 untuk menjual peralatan elektronik ke para penggemar [[roket model]], namun produk pertamanya yang sukses adalah peralatan kalkulator elektronik yang muncul di sampul ''[[Popular Electronics]]'' edisi November 1971.<ref name = "MITS 816">{{cite journal \|last = Roberts \|first = Ed \|date = November 1971 \|title = Electronic desk calculator you can build \|journal = [[Popular Electronics]] \|volume = 35 \|issue = 5 \|pages = pp. 27–32 }}</ref> Kalkulator tersebut sukses besar dan hasil penjualannya mencapai satu juta dolar pada tahun 1973.<ref name = "Albq Tribune April 1973">{{cite news\|last = Lucas\|first = Urith\|title = Albq calculator firm to expand plant, triple number of employees\|work = [[The Albuquerque Tribune]]\|page = C14\|date = April 20, 1973}}</ref> Sebuah perang harga kalkulator yang sengit meninggalkan utang mendalam di perusahaan tersebut pada tahun 1974. Roberts kemudian mengembangkan komputer pribadi [[Altair 8800]] yang memakai mikroprosesor [[Intel 8080]] baru. Komputer ini muncul di sampul ''Popular Electronics'' edisi Januari 1975, dan para penggemar membanjiri MITS dengan pesanan untuk peralatan komputer seharga $397 ini. Baris 27: == Karya == Buku * {{Cite book\|last = Roberts\|first = H. Edward\|coauthors = Forrest Mims\|title = Electronic Calculators\|url = https://archive.org/details/electroniccalcul0000robe\|publisher = Howard W Sams\|year =1974\|location = Indianapolis\|isbn = 978-0-672-21039-6}} Majalah Baris 45: * {{Cite book\|last = Ceruzzi\|first = Paul E.\|authorlink = Paul E. Ceruzzi\|title = A History of Modern Computing\|url = https://archive.org/details/historyofmodernc00ceru_0\|publisher = MIT Press\|year = 2003\|location = Cambridge, MA\|isbn = 0-262-53203-4 }} * {{Cite news\|last = Lohr\|first = Steve\|title = The PC? That Old Thing?; An Industry's Founding Father Has Better Things to Do\|newspaper = The New York Times\|pages = BU1, BU12\|date = August 19, 2001\|url = http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/19/business/the-pc-that-old-thing-an-industry-s-founding-father-has-better-things-to-do.html?pagewanted=all}} * {{Cite book\|last = Manes\|first = Stephen\|authorlink = Stephen Manes\|coauthors = Paul Andrews\|title = Gates\|url = https://archive.org/details/gateshowmicrosof00mane_0\|publisher = Simon and Schuster\|year = 1994\|location = New York\|isbn = 978-0-671-88074-3}} * {{Cite book\|last = Mims\|first = Forrest M\|authorlink = Forrest Mims\|title = Siliconnections: Coming of Age in the Electronic Era\|url = https://archive.org/details/siliconnectionsc00mims\|publisher = McGraw-Hill\|year = 1986\|location = New York\|isbn = 978-0-07-042411-1}} * {{Cite book\|last = Young\|first = Jeffrey S.\|title = Forbes Greatest Technology Stories: Inspiring Tales of the Entrepreneurs\|url = https://archive.org/details/forbesgreatestte00youn\|publisher = John Wiley & Sons\|year = 1998\|location = New York\|isbn = 0-471-24374-4\|chapter = Chapter 6 Mechanics: Kits & Microcomputers}} Baris 54: * {{Cite web\|title = Terminal Man \|author = Robert X. Cringely \|authorlink = Robert X. Cringely \|publisher = I, Cringely \|date = April 3, 2010 \|url = http://www.cringely.com/2010/04/terminal-man/ }} Commentary on Ed Roberts' life and medical practice. * [http://startup.nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/item.php?ii=23 STARTUP: ''Albuquerque and the Personal Computer Revolution'' New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science] * [http://www.vintage-computer.com/altair8800.shtml Altair 8800 Computer at Vintage-Computer Web Site] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210091503/http://www.vintage-computer.com/altair8800.shtml \|date=2011-12-10 }} * [http://www.altair32.com/Altair32history.htm Brief History of the Altair. Copies of Altair articles in ''Popular Electronics''] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005221730/http://www.altair32.com/Altair32history.htm \|date=2011-10-05 }} * [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ed-roberts-pioneering-electronics-engineer-who-built-the-first-widely-available-home-computer-1957204.html Obituary] in [[The Independent]] by [[Marcus Williamson]] {{Authority control}} ~~{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->~~ ~~\|NAME = Roberts, Ed~~ ~~\|ALTERNATIVE NAMES =~~ ~~\|SHORT DESCRIPTION =~~ ~~\|DATE OF BIRTH = 13 September 1941~~ ~~\|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Miami, Florida]], Amerika Serikat~~ ~~\|DATE OF DEATH = 1 April 2010~~ ~~\|PLACE OF DEATH = [[Macon, Georgia]], Amerika Serikat~~ }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Roberts, Ed}} [[Kategori:Kelahiran 1941]] [[Kategori:Kematian 2010]] [[Kategori:~~Penemu~~Pereka cipta Amerika Serikat]] [[Kategori:Dokter Amerika Serikat]] [[Kategori:Perintis komputer]]