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Baris 1:
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Australopithecus''
| fossil_range = [[PlioceneMiocene]] - [[Pleistocene]] {{fossil range|36.91|1.2|latest=0}}
| image = Australopithecus sediba.JPG
| image_width = 250px
Baris 19:
*''Paranthropus''
*''Ardipithecus'' <small>(didiskusikan{{Sfn|Stanford|2012|p=}})</small>
*''Orrorin'' <small>(yang paling disukai)</small>
*''Sahelanthropus'' <small>(mungkin) </small>
}}
 
Baris 47 ⟶ 49:
 
Filogeni dari subsuku Australopithecina menurut {{Harvnb|Briggs|Crowther|2008|p=124}}.
*Australopithecina Australopithecina
** ''[[Australopithecus]]''
*** ''[[A. afarensis]]''
*** ''[[Australopithecus africanus|A. africanus]]''
*** ''[[A. anamensis]]''
*** ''[[A. bahrelghazali]]''
*** ''[[A. garhi]]''
** ''[[Paranthropus]]''
*** ''[[P. robustus]]''
*** ''[[P. boisei]]''
*** ''[[P. aethiopicus]]''
** ''[[Ardipithecus]]''
*** ''[[A. ramidus]]''
** ''[[Orrorin]]''
*** ''[[Orrorin tugenensis]]''
** ''[[Sahelanthropus]]''
*** ''[[Sahelanthropus tchadensis]]''
 
== Karakteristik Fisik ==
 
Australopithecines beradaptasi terhadap [[lokomosi bipedal]], mereka memiliki indeks brakial yang tinggi (rasio lengan bahwa/lengan atas) bila dibandingkan dengan hominid lainnya, dan mereka memperlihatkan [[dimorfisme seksual]] lebih besar daripada anggota ''[[Homo]]'' atau ''[[Pan]]'' tapitetapi lebih sedikit daripada ''[[Gorila]]'' atau ''[[Pongo]]''.
Diperkirakan rata-rata tinggi mereka yaitu {{Convert|1.2|–|1.5|m|ft}} dan berat sekitar {{Convert|30|and|55|kg|lb}}.
[[Ukuran otak]] antara 350 [[Sentimeter kubik|cc]] to 600 cc.
Gigi taring belakang secara relatif besar, dan memiliki enamel lebih dibandingkan dengan kera dan manusia, sementara gigi seri dan [[gigi taring]] relatif kecil, dan perbedaan gigi taringnya sedikit antara jantan dan betina dibandingkan dengan kera.<ref name="Szpak2007" />
 
== Lihat juga ==
 
* [[Taksonomi manusia]]
 
 
== Catatan ==
Baris 78 ⟶ 83:
== Referensi ==
 
* {{en}} <!-- Briggs|Crowther|2008 -->{{Cite book |editor1-last = Briggs |editor1-first = D. |editor2-first = P. R. |editor2-last = Crowther |title = Palaeobiology II |publisher = John Wiley & Sons |year = 2008 |isbn = 9780470999288
|pages = 600 |ref = harv}}
 
* {{en}} <!-- Cela-Conde|Ayala|2003 -->{{Cite doi | 10.1073/pnas.0832372100}}
* {{en}} <!-- Kottak|2004 -->{{Cite book|last = Kottak|first = C. P.|year = 2004|chapter = Glossary|title = Cultural Anthropology: The Exploration of Human Diversity|edition = 10th|chapterurl = http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072832258/student_view0/glossary.html|publisher = McGraw-Hill|isbn = 978-0072832259|ref = harv|access-date = 2013-03-31|archive-date = 2013-07-18|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130718051605/http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072832258/student_view0/glossary.html|dead-url = yes}}
 
* {{en}} <!-- KottakMai|2004Owl|Kersting|2005 -->{{Cite book|year = 2005|lastfirst1 = KottakL. L.|firstlast1 = CMai|first2 = M. PY.|last2 = Owl|yearfirst3 = 2004M. P.|chapterlast3 = Glossary Kersting|title = Cultural Anthropology: The ExplorationCambridge Dictionary of Human DiversityBiology and Evolution|editionurl = 10th https://archive.org/details/cambridgediction00mail|chapterurlpage = http[https://highered.mcgraw-hillarchive.comorg/sitesdetails/0072832258cambridgediction00mail/student_view0page/glossary.html45 45]|location = Cambridge & New York|publisher = McGraw-HillCambridge University Press|isbn = 978-0072832259 0-521-66486-8|ref = harv}}
 
* {{en}} <!-- Mai|Owl|Kersting|2005 -->{{Cite book |year = 2005 |first1 = L. L. |last1 = Mai |first2 = M. Y. |last2 = Owl |first3 = M. P. |last3 = Kersting |title = The Cambridge Dictionary of Human Biology and Evolution |page = 45 |location = Cambridge & New York |publisher = Cambridge University Press |isbn = 978-0-521-66486-8 |ref = harv}}
 
* {{en}} <!-- Stanford|2012 -->{{Cite doi | 10.1146/annurev-anthro-092611-145724}}
 
* {{en}} <!-- Wood|2010 -->{{Cite doi | 10.1073/pnas.1001649107}}
 
* {{en}} <!-- Wood|Richmond|2000 -->{{Cite doi | 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2000.19710019.x}}
 
== TautanPranala luar ==
 
{{wiktionary}}
 
* {{en}} [httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20111216082405/http://homepage.mac.com/wis/Personal/lectures/evolutionary-anatomy/Australopithecines.pdf Bacaan informatif tentang ''Australopithecines'']
 
{{Evolusi manusia}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q511893}}
 
[[Kategori:Evolusi Manusia]]
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