Kereta api Twilight Express: Perbedaan antara revisi

▲[[Berkas:EF81 113 Twilight Express 8002 Kanazawa 20150313 (2).jpgjmplThe final regular up service at Kanazawa Station on 13 March 2015]]

▲The ''Twilight Express'' first ran on 18 July 1989 from Osaka to Sapporo and back as a special preview run for invited passengers.<ref name="dj370">{{cite magazine|last = Kishi|first = Kenji|script-title=ja: 「トワイライトエクスプレス」25年間の概括|trans-title=25 years of the "Twilight Express"|magazine=Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine |volume = 44|issue = 370 |pages =4–15 |publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun |location = Japan |language= Japanese |date = 2015}}</ref> From 21 July, it began operating as a charter service.<ref name="dj370"/><ref name="jrwest20140528">{{cite web |url= https://www.westjr.co.jp/press/article/2014/05/page_5700.html |script-title=ja:寝台特急「トワイライトエクスプレス」の運行終了について |trans-title=Discontinuation of ''Twilight Expres'' sleeping car service|date=28 May 2014 |work= Press release |publisher= West Japan Railway Company |location= Japan|language= Japanese |accessdate= 28 May 2014}}</ref> A second rake of coaches was introduced from December 1989, allowing operation as a seasonal service.<ref name="jrwest20140528"/> "A"-type sleeping cars were added to the formations between 1990 and 1991, and the formations were extended to 10 cars (including generator car).<ref name="jrwest20140528"/> In April 1991, a third rake of coaches was introduced, allowing daily operations during busy seasons.<ref name="jrwest20140528"/> The coaches underwent a program of interior refurbishment between 2001 and 2002.<ref name="jrwest20140528"/>

▲''Twilight Express'' services were discontinued from March 2015, with the final services departing from both Osaka and Sapporo on 12 March, arriving at their destinations the following day.<ref name="sankei20150303">{{cite web |url= http://www.sankei.com/west/news/150303/wst1503030059-n1.html|script-title=ja:「トワイライト」列車廃止後も客車は存続へ　〝ランチクルーズトレイン〟など団体臨時列車として活用検討　ＪＲ西|trans-title=Coaches to be used even after Twilight Express discontinuation - JR West considers seasonal "Lunch Cruise Train" charters |date= 3 March 2015|work= Sankei West|publisher= The Sankei Shimbun & Sankei Digital |location= Japan|language= Japanese|accessdate= 4 March 2015}}</ref>

▲===''Special Twilight Express'' cruise train===

▲From 16 May 2015, the train became a luxury cruise train named the {{Nihongo|''Special Twilight Express''|特別なトワイライトエクスプレス}} operating on a weekly basis between {{STN|Osaka}} and {{STN|Shimonoseki}} in the west of Japan.<ref name="mainichi20150516"/> This operated until March 2016, with the last service departing from Osaka on 19 March, returning on 22 March.<ref name="railfan20160323"/>

▲File:DD51 1179 twilight express.jpg|A ''Special Twilight Express'' cruise train hauled by a pair of Class DD51 diesel locomotives in September 2015

▲File:EF65 1124 twilight express.jpg|A ''Special Twilight Express'' cruise train hauled by specially reliveried electric locomotive EF65 1124 in February 2016

▲In June 2017, JR West introduced a new luxury sleeping-car [[excursion train]] named ''[[Twilight Express Mizukaze]]'', continuing the name and brand established by the ''Twilight Express'' train service.<ref name="mynavi20150219">{{cite web |url= http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2015/02/19/416/|script-title=ja: JR西日本「TWILIGHT EXPRESS 瑞風」トワイライトエクスプレスの伝統を継承|trans-title=JR West "Twilight Express Mizukaze" continues the tradition of the Twilight Express|date= 19 February 2015|work= Mynavi News|publisher= Mynavi Corporation|location= Japan|language= Japanese|accessdate= 19 February 2015}}</ref>

▲Former ''Twilight Express'' [[Class EF81]] electric locomotive EF81 103 is exhibited at the [[Kyoto Railway Museum]], which opened in April 2016, together with four former ''Twilight Express'' 24 series coaches, sleeping car SuRoNeFu 25-501, dining car SuShi 24-1, lounge car OHa 25-551, and generator van KaNi 24-12.<ref name="railfan662">{{cite magazine|script-title=ja: 京都鉄道博物館 |trans-title=Kyoto Railway Museum |magazine = [[Japan Railfan Magazine]] |volume = 56|issue = 662 |pages = 52–53 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language = Japanese |date = June 2016}}</ref>

▲The ''Twilight Express'''s dining car was featured in Chapters 41 an 42 of [[Ekiben Hitoritabi]], a [[manga]] about [[ekiben]].