Fedora (sistem operasi): Perbedaan antara revisi
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(56 revisi perantara oleh 32 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox OS
| name = Fedora
| logo =
| screenshot =
| caption = Fedora
| developer = [[Fedora Project]]
| family = [[Mirip Unix
| working state = Aktif
|
| released = {{Start date and age|2003
| latest release version = 37<ref name="fedora_release">{{cite web | url=https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-37/ | title=Announcing Fedora Linux 37 | publisher=fedoramagazine.org | date=15 November 2022 | accessdate=18 November 2022 | archive-date=2023-07-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084442/https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-37/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>
|
| marketing target = Komputer Desktop, Server, Cloud
|
| package manager = [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]] ([[DNF (software)|DNF]]), [[Flatpak]], [[OSTree]]
| supported platforms = [[x86-64]], [[ARM architecture|ARM-hfp]], [[AArch64|ARM AArch64]], [[PPC64]], [[PPC64le]], [[Z/Architecture|IBM Z]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS-64el]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS-el]], [[RISC-V]]<ref name="Architectures">{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures | title=Architectures | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=10 August 2017 | archive-date=2011-07-14 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714195006/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| kernel type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel|Linux]])
| userland = [[GNU Core Utilities|GNU]]
| ui = [[GNOME
| license = Berbagai lisensi [[perangkat lunak bebas]], ditambah berkas firmware propieter<ref name="licensing">{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Licensing:FAQ#Does_Fedora_permit_anything_under_.22Non-Free.22_licensing.3F | title=Frequently Asked Questions about Fedora Licensing | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=27 March 2014 | archive-date=2015-09-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906122645/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Licensing:FAQ#Does_Fedora_permit_anything_under_.22Non-Free.22_licensing.3F | dead-url=no }}</ref>
|
| website = {{URL|https://getfedora.org/}}
}}
'''Fedora''' ({{IPAc-en
Salah satu visi utama Fedora tidak hanya mengandung software dibawah lisensi software open source dan gratis, tetapi juga menjadi teknologi yang mutakhir.
Dibandingkan dengan kebanyakan sistem operasi Non-Linux, Fedora memiliki siklus kehidupan yang singkat. Versi X dipertahankan hanya satu bulan sampai versi ''X''+2 diluncurkan. Dengan hanya selisih 6 bulan
Pada tahun 2008, [[Linus Torvalds]], pemilik dari [[Linux kernel]], mengatakan bahwa dia menggunakan Fedora karena Fedora memiliki dukungan yang cukup bagus untuk arsitektur prosesor [[PowerPC]], yang dia rasakan setiap waktu.<ref name="LinusFedora">{{cite web | url=http://www.simple-talk.com/opinion/geek-of-the-week/linus-torvalds,-geek-of-the-week/ | title=Linus Torvalds, Geek of the Week | date=2008-07-17 | accessdate=2009-08-03 | author=Richard Morris | archive-date=2010-01-10 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110045635/http://www.simple-talk.com/opinion/geek-of-the-week/linus-torvalds%2C-geek-of-the-week/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>
Menurut [[DistroWatch]], Fedora adalah [[sistem operasi]] ketiga yang paling populer di bulan Juni 2011,
Nama Fedora berasal dari Fedora Linux, proyek sukarela yang mengembangkan perangkat lunak tambahan untuk distro Red Hat Linux, dan dari karakteristik fedora (topi kulit) yang digunakan dalam logo Red Hat ("Shadowman"). Fedora Linux akhirnya diserap ke dalam Fedora Project.
== Fitur Fedora ==
=== Distribusi ===
[[Berkas:PackageKit on Fedora.png|
Fedora Project mendistribusikan Fedora dengan cara yang berbeda-beda:<ref>{{cite web | url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/f10/en_US/ch-new-users.html#sn-howto-download | title=New Users – How Do I Download Installation Files? | author=[[Fedora Project]] | accessdate=2009-04-03 | archive-date=2009-02-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228161427/http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/f10/en_US/ch-new-users.html#sn-howto-download | dead-url=yes }}</ref>
* Fedora DVD/CD set – DVD atau CD yang memiliki semua paket yang diberikan oleh Fedora;
* [[Live CD]] – CD atau DVD yang berformat images yang dapat membuat [[Live CD]] atau booting dari [[Flash Disk]] dan pemilihan untuk menginstall di hard disk;
* Minimal CD – digunakan untuk menginstall Fedora melalui [[HTTP]]. [[FTP]], atau [[NFS]],
Fedora Project juga mendristribusikan beberapa variant tertentu dari Fedora yang disebut Fedora Spins.<ref>[http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/CustomSpins CustomSpins - Fedora Project Wiki<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619025510/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/CustomSpins |date=2010-06-19 }}.</ref> Fedora Spins diciptakan dari kumpulan software spesific dan memiliki kombinasi dari software untuk kebutuhan tertentu dari pengguna. Fedora Spins dikembangkan oleh kelompok tertentu dari Fedora Project.<ref name="Fedora Spins">{{cite web | url=http://spins.fedoraproject.org/ | title=
Paket Ekstra untuk Linux Enterprise
Manajemen paket software secara umum ditangani oleh [[yum]] utility,<ref name="FPYumDoc">{{cite web | url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/yum/en/sn-software-management-tools.html | title=Software Management Tools in Fedora Core | author=Stuart Ellis | accessdate=2007-11-18 | archive-date=2007-10-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028060600/http://docs.fedoraproject.org/yum/en/sn-software-management-tools.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref> Antarmuka grafis, seperti ''pirut'' dan ''pup'' juga disediakan, begitu juga dengan ''puplet'', yang menyediakan peringatan visual di panel bila terdapat update.<ref name="FPYumDoc" /> Paket manajer yum kemudian digantikan oleh DNF sebagai paket manajer bawaan pada sistem Fedora. DNF sebagai suksesor yum memudahkan pengurusan paket secara otomatis dengan melakukan pengecekan dependensi dan menentukan serta menjalankan tindakan yang dibutuhkan untuk menginstall paket<ref>{{cite web |title = Using the DNF software package manager |url = https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/ |accessdate = 1 Februari 2022 |archive-date = 2023-07-08 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230708013241/https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/ |dead-url = no }}</ref>. [[apt-rpm]] ([[Manajer paket]] [[APT (manajer paket)|APT]] yang dikustominasikan dengan [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]]) adalah alternatif dari yum dan DNF, dan pengguna lebih familiar dengan perintah ini saat menggunakan [[Debian]] atau distribusi berdasarkan Debian,
=== Fitur Keamanan ===
Keamanan adalah salah satu fitur penting di Fedora. Salah satu fitur yang terdapat pada Fedora adalah [[Securtiy-Enchance Linux]], fitur Linux yang mengimplementasikan kebijaksanaan keamanan linux, termasuk pengawasan aksess perintah, melalui Modul keamanan Linux pada [[Linux]] kernel. Fedora adalah salah satu dari distribusi yang memimpin dengan SELinux.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://w3.linux-magazine.com/issue/69/Access_Control_with_SELinux.pdf | title=Mandatory Access Control with SELinux | accessdate=2007-10-07 | format=PDF | archive-date=2007-10-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013005525/http://w3.linux-magazine.com/issue/69/Access_Control_with_SELinux.pdf | dead-url=yes }}</ref> SELinux diperkenalkan pada Fedora Core 2. tetapi ini dinonaktifkan, karena mengubah secara radikal bagaimana sistem operasi bekerja, tetapi diaktifkan lagi pada Fedora Core 3 dan diperkenalkan dengan sedikit tepat.<ref name="FC2 RN">{{cite web |url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/fc2/x86/ |title=Fedora Core 2 Release Notes |
== Versi ==
[[Berkas:Fedora Core 1.png|
[[Berkas:Fedora 14 GNOME.png|
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Versi (kode nama)<ref name="historicalschedules">{{cite web | url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/HistoricalSchedules | title=Releases/HistoricalSchedules | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=11 Agustus 2015 | archive-date=2020-06-10 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610213508/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/HistoricalSchedules | dead-url=no }}</ref>
! Rilis<ref name="historicalschedules" />
! ''End-of-life''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/End_of_life | title=End of life | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=11 Mei 2014 | archive-date=2020-06-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619185006/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/End_of_life | dead-url=no }}</ref>
! Kernel<ref name="distrowatch">{{cite web | url=http://distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=fedora | title=Fedora | publisher=[[DistroWatch]] | accessdate=15 Mei 2014 | archive-date=2020-06-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619101756/http://distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=fedora | dead-url=no }}</ref>{{efn|Saat rilis. Rilis yang didukung sering mendapatkan pembaruan ke versi stabil dari Linux Kernel.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/KernelRebases | title=KernelRebases | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=18 Mei 2014 | archive-date=2020-06-10 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610215404/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/KernelRebases | dead-url=no }}</ref>}}
! GNOME<ref name="distrowatch" />
|-
| {{Version | o | 1 (Yarrow)}}
| 2003-11-05
| 2004-09-20
| 2.4.22
| 2.4
|-
| {{Version | o | 2 (Tettnang)}}
| 2004-05-18
| 2005-04-11
| 2.6.5
| 2.6
|-
| {{Version | o | 3 (Heidelberg)}}
| 2004-11-08
| 2006-01-16
| 2.6.9
| 2.8
|-
| {{Version | o | 4 (Stentz)}}
| 2005-06-13
| 2006-08-07
| 2.6.11
| 2.10
|-
| {{Version | o | 5 (Bordeaux)}}
| 2006-03-20
| 2007-07-02
| 2.6.15
| 2.14
|-
| {{Version | o | 6 (Zod)}}
| 2006-10-24
| 2007-12-07
| 2.6.18
| 2.16
|-
| {{Version | o | 7 (Moonshine)}}
| 2007-05-31
| 2008-06-13
| 2.6.21
| 2.18
|-
| {{Version | o | 8 (Werewolf)}}
| 2007-11-08
| 2009-01-07
| 2.6.23
| 2.20
|-
| {{Version | o | 9 (Sulphur)}}
| 2008-05-13
| 2009-07-10
| 2.6.25
| 2.22
|-
| {{Version | o | 10 (Cambridge)}}
| 2008-11-25
| 2009-12-18
| 2.6.27
| 2.24
|-
| {{Version | o | 11 (Leonidas)}}
| 2009-06-09
| 2010-06-25
| 2.6.29
| 2.26
|-
| {{Version | o | 12 (Constantine)}}
| 2009-11-17
| 2010-12-02
| 2.6.31
| 2.28
|-
| {{Version | o | 13 (Goddard)}}
| 2010-05-25
| 2011-06-24
| 2.6.33
| 2.30
|-
| {{Version | o | 14 (Laughlin)}}
| 2010-11-02
| 2011-12-08
| 2.6.35
| 2.32
|-
| {{Version | o | 15 (Lovelock)}}
| 2011-05-24
| 2012-06-26
| 2.6.38
| 3.0
|-
| {{Version | o | 16 (Verne)}}
| 2011-11-08
| 2013-02-12
| 3.1
| 3.2
|-
| {{Version | o | 17 (Beefy Miracle)}}
| 2012-05-29
| 2013-07-30
| 3.3
| 3.4
|-
| {{Version | o | 18 (Spherical Cow)}}
| 2013-01-15
| 2014-01-14
| 3.6
| 3.6
|-
| {{Version | o | 19 (Schrödinger's Cat)}}
| 2013-07-02
| 2015-01-06
| 3.9
| 3.8
|-
| {{Version | o | 20 (Heisenbug)}}
| 2013-12-17
| 2015-06-23
| 3.11
| 3.10
|-
| {{Version | o | 21}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/advisory-board/2013-October/012209.html | title=Release Name process ended | date=2 Oktober 2013 | accessdate=11 Mei 2014 | work=Fedora community advisory board mailing list | last=Boyer | first=Josh | archive-date=2018-09-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929124904/https://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/advisory-board/2013-October/012209.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2014-12-09
| 2015-12-01
| 3.17
| 3.14
|-
| {{Version | o | 22}}
| 2015-05-26
| 2016-07-19
| 4.0
| 3.16
|-
| {{Version | o | 23}}
| 2015-11-03
| 2016-12-20
| 4.2
| 3.18
|-
| {{Version | o | 24}}
| 2016-06-21
| 2017-08-08
| 4.5
| 3.20
|-
| {{Version | o | 25}}
| 2016-11-22
| 2017-12-12
| 4.8
| 3.22
|-
| {{Version | o | 26}}
| 2017-07-11
| 2018-05-29
| 4.11
| 3.24
|-
| {{Version | o | 27}}
| 2017-11-14<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/27/Schedule | title=Releases/27/Schedule | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=17 Maret 2017 | archive-date=2017-10-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006201900/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/27/Schedule | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2018-11-30
| 4.13
| 3.26
|-
| {{Version | o | 28}}
| 2018-05-01<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/28/Schedule | title=Releases/28/Schedule | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=15 Agustus 2017 | archive-date=2018-04-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425151521/http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/28/Schedule | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2019-05-28
| 4.16
| 3.28
|-
| {{Version | o | 29}}
| 2018-10-30<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-29/ | title=Announcing the release of Fedora 29 | publisher=fedoramagazine.org | accessdate=6 Juni 2020 | archive-date=2023-06-24 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624132733/https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-29/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2019-11-26
| 4.18
| 3.30
|-
| {{Version | o | 30}}
| 2019-05-07<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/30/Schedule | title=Releases/30/Schedule | publisher=Fedora Project | accessdate=6 Juni 2020 | archive-date=2020-06-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616183909/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/30/Schedule | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2020-05-26
| 5.0
| 3.32
|-
| {{Version | o | 31}}
| 2019-10-29<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-31/ | title=Fedora 31 is officially here! | publisher=fedoramagazine.org | accessdate=6 Juni 2020 | archive-date=2020-12-22 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201222020429/https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-31/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2020-11-24 <ref>{{cite web | url=https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/NU5AENRUFG4XK5D34SJN5FZPLYMZF6ZQ/ | title=Fedora 31 End Of Life | author=Mohan Boddu | website=Fedora Mailing-Lists | accessdate=7 Februari 2021 | archive-date=2023-05-31 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531171900/https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/NU5AENRUFG4XK5D34SJN5FZPLYMZF6ZQ/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 5.3
| 3.34
|-
| {{Version | o | 32}}
| 2020-04-28<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-32/ | title=Fedora 32 is officially here! | publisher=fedoramagazine.org | accessdate=6 Juni 2020 | archive-date=2020-06-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617175958/https://fedoramagazine.org/announcing-fedora-32/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2021-05-25<ref name="f-34">{{cite web | url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-34/f-34-key-tasks.html | title=Fedora 34 Schedule: Key | publisher=Fedora People | access-date=16 Februari 2021 | archive-date=2020-11-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105083205/https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-34/f-34-key-tasks.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 5.6
| 3.36
|-
| {{Version | o | 33}}
| 2020-10-27<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-33/f-33-key-tasks.html | title=Fedora 33 Schedule: Key | publisher=Fedora People | accessdate=16 Februari 2021 | archive-date=2020-06-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616182012/https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-33/f-33-key-tasks.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2021-11-30
| 5.8
| 3.38
|-
| {{Version | o | 34}}
| 2021-04-20<ref name="f-34" />
| 2022-06-07
| 5.11
| 40<ref>{{Cite web|title=Changes/Gnome40 - Fedora Project Wiki|url=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/Gnome40|access-date=16 Februari 2021|website=Fedora Project}}</ref>
|-
| {{Version | o | 35}}
| 2021-10-19<ref>{{cite web | url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-35/f-35-key-tasks.html | title=Fedora 35 Schedule | publisher=Fedora People | access-date=16 Februari 2021 | archive-date=2021-05-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526132513/https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-35/f-35-key-tasks.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>
| 2022-12-13
| 5.14
| 41
|-
| {{Version | o | 36}}
| 2022-05-10
| 2023-05-16
| 5.17
| 42
|-
|{{Version|o|37}}
|2022-11-15<ref name=f37>{{cite web|url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-37/f-37-key-tasks.html|title=Fedora Linux 37 Schedule|publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref>
|2023-12-05<ref name=f39>{{cite web|url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-39/f-39-key-tasks.html|title=Fedora Linux 39 Schedule|publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref>
|6.0
|43
|-
|{{Version|o|38}}
|2023-04-18<ref name=f38>{{cite web|url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-38/f-38-key-tasks.html|title=Fedora Linux 38 Schedule|publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref>
|2024-05-21<ref name=f38/>
|6.2
|44
|-
|{{Version|co|39}}
|2023-11-07<ref name=f39/>
|2024-11-12<ref name=f39/>
|6.5
|45
|-
|{{Version|c|40}}
|2024-04-23<ref name=f40>{{cite web|url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-40/f-40-key-tasks.html|title=Fedora Linux 40 Schedule|publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref>
|2025-05-13<ref name=f40/>
|6.8
|46
|-
|{{Version|p|41}}
|2024-10-15<ref name=f41>{{cite web|url=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/schedule/f-41/f-41-key-tasks.html|title=Fedora Linux 41 Schedule|publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref>
|{{TBD}}
|{{TBD}}
|{{TBD}}
|-
| colspan="100%" | {{Version | l | show=111101}}
|}
Baris 182 ⟶ 324:
* [[Ekaaty]] – dari Brazil
* [[Fox Linux]] – buatan Italia
* [[IGOS Nusantara]] - distribusi linux berbasis Fedora dari Indonesia
* [[Linpus]] – buatan Taiwan
* [[Linux XP]] – distro Linux komersial ditujukan untuk menggantikan [[Windows XP]]
Baris 190 ⟶ 333:
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Fedora Project]]
* [[Red Hat Linux]]
== Catatan ==
<references group="lower-alpha"/>
== Referensi ==
{{
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://fedoraproject.org/ Fedora Project homepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209064428/https://fedoraproject.org/ |date=2014-12-09 }}
** [http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/International International Fedora Project sites] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084453/https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/International |date=2023-07-19 }}
* [http://teamoreview.com/fedora-linux.html/ Fedora Review]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{Distro-Linux}}
|