Ergometrin: Perbedaan antara revisi
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| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443732517
| IUPAC_name = (6a''R'',9''R'')-''N''-((''S'')-1-
| image = Ergonovine-skeletal.svg
| width = 150px
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Ergometrine Maleate, Ergonovine Maleate, Ergotrate, Ergotrate Maleate, Ergostat, Syntometrine,
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|ergonovine-maleate}}
| pregnancy_category = X
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| legal_US = Rx only
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| elimination_half-life = 2
| metabolism = [[
| excretion = [[
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 119443
| synonyms =
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'''Ergometrin''', juga dikenal sebagai '''ergonovin''', adalah obat yang digunakan untuk menyebabkan kontraksi rahim untuk mengobati [[Pendarahan pascapersalinan|pendarahan vagina yang parah setelah melahirkan]].<ref name=AHFS2015>{{cite web|title=Ergonovine Maleate|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/ergonovine-maleate.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=1 December 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225224708/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/ergonovine-maleate.html|archive-date=2015-12-25}}</ref><ref name="MortonHall1999">{{cite book| vauthors = Morton IK, Hall JM |title=Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mqaOMOtk61IC&pg=PA113|date=31 October 1999|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-7514-0499-9|pages=113–}}</ref> Obat ini dapat digunakan melalui mulut, disuntikkan ke otot, atau disuntikkan ke pembuluh darah.
Efek samping yang umum termasuk [[tekanan darah tinggi]], muntah,
Ergometrin ditemukan pada tahun 1932.<ref name=Rav2011>{{cite book| vauthors = Ravina E |title=The evolution of drug discovery : from traditional medicines to modern drugs|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location=Weinheim|isbn=9783527326693|page=245|edition= 1st |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&pg=PA245|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226162800/https://books.google.ca/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&pg=PA245|archive-date=2015-12-26}}</ref> Obat ini termasuk dalam [[Daftar Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]].<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | year = 2019 | hdl = 10665/325771 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name="WHO22nd">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021) | year = 2021 | hdl = 10665/345533 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02 | hdl-access=free }}</ref>
==Sejarah==
Sifat farmakologi ergot telah diketahui dan telah digunakan oleh bidan selama berabad-abad, namun belum diteliti dan dipublikasikan secara menyeluruh hingga awal abad ke-20. Namun, karena efek aborsi dan bahaya ergotisme, obat ini hanya diresepkan dengan hati-hati, seperti pada pengobatan perdarahan
==Kegunaan dalam medis==
Obat ini dapat menyebabkan [[spasmofili]] pada [[arteri koroner]].<ref name="pmid16162623">{{cite journal | vauthors = Romagnoli E, Niccoli G, Crea F | title = Images in cardiology: A coronary organic stenosis distal to severe, ergonovine induced spasm: decision making | journal = Heart | volume = 91 | issue = 10 | pages = 1310 | date = October 2005 | pmid = 16162623 | pmc = 1769140 | doi = 10.1136/hrt.2004.058560 }}</ref> Obat ini digunakan untuk mendiagnosis angina varian (Prinzmetal).<ref name="pmid10987346">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sunagawa O, Shinzato Y, Touma T, Tomori M, Fukiyama K | title = Differences between coronary hyperresponsiveness to ergonovine and vasospastic angina | journal = Japanese Heart Journal | volume = 41 | issue = 3 | pages = 257–268 | date = May 2000 | pmid = 10987346 | doi = 10.1536/jhj.41.257 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
==Efek samping==
Kemungkinan efek samping termasuk mual, muntah, sakit perut, diare, sakit kepala, [[pusing]], [[tinitus]], nyeri dada,
Gangguan gastrointestinal seperti diare, mual, dan muntah sering terjadi.
==Farmakologi==
===Farmakodinamik===
Sementara
Ergometrine menghasilkan efek psikedelik pada dosis tinggi (misalnya 2–10 mg; dosis terapeutik normal adalah 0,2 hingga 0,4 mg).<ref name="pmid7420432">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ott J, Neely P | title = Entheogenic (hallucinogenic) effects of methylergonovine | journal = Journal of Psychedelic Drugs | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | pages = 165–166 | date = 1980 | pmid = 7420432 | doi = 10.1080/02791072.1980.10471568 }}</ref> Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan aktivasi reseptor 5-HT<sub>2A</sub>.<ref name="HalberstadtNichols2020">{{cite book| vauthors = Halberstadt AL, Nichols DE |title=Handbook of the Behavioral Neurobiology of Serotonin|chapter=Serotonin and serotonin receptors in hallucinogen action|series=Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience|volume=31|year=2020|pages=843–863|issn=1569-7339|doi=10.1016/B978-0-444-64125-0.00043-8|isbn=9780444641250|s2cid=241134396}}</ref> Ergometrin adalah agonis reseptor serotonin 5-HT<sub>2B</sub> dan telah dikaitkan dengan valvulopati jantung.<ref name="pmid24361689">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cavero I, Guillon JM | title = Safety Pharmacology assessment of drugs with biased 5-HT(2B) receptor agonism mediating cardiac valvulopathy | journal = Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods | volume = 69 | issue = 2 | pages = 150–161 | date = 2014 | pmid = 24361689 | doi = 10.1016/j.vascn.2013.12.004 }}</ref>
==Dalam budaya masyarakat==
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[[Kategori:Antagonis 5-HT2B]]
[[Kategori:Alkaloid ergot]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Agonis reseptor serotonin]]
[[Kategori:Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]]
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