Paulo Freire: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k Perubahan kosmetik tanda baca |
he is also a philosopher |
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| (6 revisi perantara oleh 4 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox person
| name = Paulo Freire
| image = Paulo Freire 1977.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Freire, 1977
| birth_name = Paulo Reglus Neves Freire
| birth_date = {{birth date|1921|9|19|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Recife]], [[Pernambuco]], Brasil
| death_date = {{death date and age|1997|5|2|1921|9|19|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[São Paulo]], Brazil
| party = [[Partai Pekerja (Brasil)|Workers' Party]]
| spouse = {{ubl | {{marriage|Elza Freire|1944|1986|end=died}} | {{marriage|Ana Maria Araújo Freire|1988}}{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=45}}}}
| module = {{Infobox scholar |child=yes
| non-academic = yes
| alma_mater = [[Federal University of Pernambuco|University of Recife]]
| thesis_title =
| thesis_year =
| school_tradition = [[Pedagogi|Kritik pedagogi]]
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors =
| influences = {{flatlist|
* [[Zevedei Barbu]]{{sfn|Kirkendall|2010|p=21}}
* [[John Dewey]]{{sfnm |1a1=Clare |1y=n.d. |2a1=Díaz |2y=n.d.}}
* [[Frantz Fanon]]{{sfnm |1a1=Arney |1y=2007 |1p=30 |2a1=Clare |2y=n.d. |3a1=Díaz |3y=n.d.}}
* [[Erich Fromm]]{{sfnm |1a1=Clare |1y=n.d. |2a1=Díaz |2y=n.d. |3a1=Lake |3a2=Dagostino |3y=2013 |3pp=101–102}}
* [[Antonio Gramsci]]{{sfnm |1a1=Díaz |1y=n.d. |2a1=Mayo |2y=2013 |2p=53}}
* [[Gustavo Gutiérrez]]{{sfnm |1a1=Clare |1y=n.d. |2a1=Reynolds |2y=2013 |2p=140}}
* [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|G. W. F. Hegel]]{{sfnm |1a1=Blunden |1y=2013 |1p=11 |2a1=Clare |2y=n.d. |3a1=Díaz |3y=n.d. |4a1=Ordóñez |4y=1981 |4p=100}}
* [[Herbert Marcuse]]{{sfn|Kahn|Kellner|2008|p=30}}
* [[Jacques Maritain]]{{sfnm |1a1=Clare |1y=n.d. |2a1=Peters |2a2=Besley |2y=2015 |2p=3}}
* [[Emmanuel Mounier]]{{sfn|Rocha|2018|pp=371–372}}
* [[Karl Marx]]{{sfnm |1a1=Clare |1y=n.d. |2a1=Díaz |2y=n.d. |3a1=Kress |3a2=Lake |3y=2013 |3p=30 |4a1=Lake |4a2=Dagostino |4y=2013 |4p=111 |5a1=Ordóñez |5y=1981 |5pp=100–101}}
* [[Albert Memmi]]{{sfnm |1a1=Arney |1y=2007 |1p=30 |2a1=Clare |2y=n.d. |3a1=Díaz |3y=n.d.}}
* [[Álvaro Vieira Pinto]]<ref>https://iftm.edu.br/simpos/2018/anais/758-%20Pronto%20ANAIS.pdf</ref>
* [[Jean-Paul Sartre]]{{sfnm |1a1=Ordóñez |1y=1981 |1pp=100–101 |2a1=Peters |2a2=Besley |2y=2015 |2p=3}}
* [[Anísio Teixeira]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
* [[Miguel de Unamuno]]{{sfn|Rocha|2018|pp=371–372, 379}}
* [[Simone Weil]]{{sfn|Kirkendall|2010|p=21}}
}}
| era =
| discipline = {{hlist | [[Pedagogi]] | [[filosofi]]}}
| sub_discipline = <!--academic discipline specialist area – e.g. Sub-atomic research, 20th-century Danish specialist, Pauline research, Arcadian and Ugaritic specialist-->
| workplaces = <!--full-time positions only, not student positions-->
| doctoral_students = [[Mario Sergio Cortella]]
| notable_students = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| main_interests =
| notable_works = ''[[Pedagogy of the Oppressed]]'' (1968)
| notable_ideas = {{hlist | [[Banking model of education]] | [[critical consciousness]]}}
| influenced = {{collapsible list |hlist=on |title= 
| [[Fazle Hasan Abed]]{{sfn|Fateh|2020|p=2}}
| [[Marcella Althaus-Reid]]
| [[Stanley Aronowitz]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[Christine Ballengee-Morris]]<ref>http://vcg.emitto.net/index.php/vcg/reviewBoard</ref>
| {{ill|Ana Mae Barbosa|es||pt}}{{sfn|Ballengee Morris|2008|pp=55, 60, 65}}
| [[Steve Biko]]
| [[Augusto Boal]]
| [[Leonardo Boff]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[Francisco Brennand]]{{sfn|Ballengee Morris|2008|p=55}}
| [[Fernando Cardenal]]{{sfn|Kirylo|2011|pp=244–245}}
| [[Enrique Martinez Celaya]]
| [[Vicky Colbert]]{{sfn|Luschei|Soto-Peña|2019|p=122}}
| [[James H. Cone]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[Antonia Darder]]
| [[Mestre Ferradura]]
| [[Ramón Flecha]]{{sfn|Flecha|2013|p=21}}
| {{ill|Moacir Gadotti|pt}}{{sfn|Kohan|2018|p=619}}
| [[Henry Giroux]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[Cees Hamelink]]{{sfn|Prodnik|Hamelink|2017|p=271}}
| [[bell hooks]]{{sfnm |1a1=Díaz |1y=n.d. |2a1=Kirylo |2y=2011 |2pp=251–252}}
| [[Didacus Jules]]
| [[Karen Keifer-Boyd]]<ref>http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/k/t/ktk2/syllabi/3362/khome.html</ref>
| [[Joe L. Kincheloe]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[James D. Kirylo]]{{sfn|Kirylo|2011|p=xxii}}
| [[Jonathan Kozol]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
<!-- | [[George Lakey]]?<ref>https://books.google.ca/books?id=zYGiAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA171&lpg=PA171&dq=George+Lakey+influenced+Freire&source=bl&ots=66XdxM0tjY&sig=ACfU3U129kmE7DxhgJv32ADrhbslMl3Baw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwim-uSkmIDsAhVRRBoKHX1EDyU4FBDoATAHegQICBAB#v=onepage&q=George%20Lakey%20influenced%20Freire&f=false</ref> -->
| [[Khen Lampert]]
| [[Colin Lankshear]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lankshear |first1=Colin |author1-link=Colin Lankshear |last2=Peters |first2=Michael A. |author2-link=Michael Adrian Peters |year=2020 |title=There, for Fortune: An 'Accidental' Academic Life. Part 1: From 'Rights' to 'Literacy' |url=https://pesaagora.com/columns/there-for-fortune-an-accidental-academic-life-part-1/ |website=PESA Agora |publisher=Philosophy of Education Society of Australia |access-date=September 16, 2020}}</ref>
| [[Allan Luke]]<ref>https://thelearningexchange.ca/projects/allan-luke-the-new-literacies/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118084324/http://thelearningexchange.ca/projects/allan-luke-the-new-literacies/ |date=2020-11-18 }} approx. 1:47</ref>
| [[Donaldo Macedo]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[Ignacio Martín-Baró]]<ref>https://cabodostrabalhos.ces.uc.pt/n14/documentos/06_MoaraCrivelente.pdf</ref>
| [[Peter Mayo]]{{sfn|Kirylo|2011|p=258}}
| [[Alan McCombes]]
| [[Peter McLaren]]{{sfnm |1a1=Cruz |1y=2013 |1p=8 |2a1=Díaz |2y=n.d.}}
| [[Jack Mezirow]]
| [[Oscar Mogollon]]
| [[G. Nammalvar]]
| [[Gino Piccio]]
| [[Majid Rahnema]]
| [[Howard Richards (academic)|Howard Richards]]
| [[Marshall Rosenberg]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gaconflict.org/our-programs?32d2740e_page=2 |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2021-01-13 |archive-date=2020-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929081311/https://www.gaconflict.org/our-programs?32d2740e_page=2 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
| [[Ira Shor]]{{sfnm |1a1=Díaz |1y=n.d. |2a1=Kirylo |2y=2011 |2p=267}}
| [[Shirley R. Steinberg]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[Carlos Alberto Torres (sociologist)|Carlos Alberto Torres]]{{sfn|Díaz|n.d.}}
| [[María Guillermina Valdes Villalva]]
| [[Cornel West]]{{sfnm |1a1=Díaz |1y=n.d. |2a1=Kirylo |2y=2011 |2p=269}}
}}
}}
| signature =
| signature_alt =
}}
'''Paulo Freire''' ({{lahirmati|[[Recife]], [[Brasil]]|19|9|1921|[[São Paulo (kota)|São Paulo]], [[Brasil]]|2|5|1997}}) adalah seorang [[filsuf]], tokoh pendidikan [[Brasil]] dan teoretikus [[pendidikan]] yang berpengaruh di dunia.
== Kehidupan ==
Baris 7 ⟶ 106:
Freire mulai belajar di [[Universitas Recife]] pada 1943, sebagai seorang mahasiswa hukum, tetapi ia juga belajar [[filsafat]] dan psikologi bahasa. Meskipun ia lulus sebagai ahli hukum, ia tidak pernah benar-benar berpraktik dalam bidang tersebut. Sebaliknya, ia bekerja sebagai seorang guru di sekolah-sekolah menengah, mengajar bahasa Portugis. Pada 1944 ia menikah dengan [[Elza Maia Costa de Oliveira]], seorang rekan gurunya. Mereka berdua bekerja bersama selama hidupnya sementara istrinya juga membesarkan kelima anak mereka.
Pada 1946, Freire diangkat menjadi Direktur Departemen Pendidikand an Kebudayaan dari Dinas Sosial di Negara bagian [[Pernambuco]] (yang ibu kotanya adalah Recife). Selama bekerja itu, terutama ketika bekerja di antara orang-orang miskin yang buta huruf, Freire mulai merangkul bentuk pengajaran yang non-ortodoks yang belakangan dianggap sebagai [[teologi pembebasan]] <ref>Lownd, Peter. http://www.paulofreireinstitute.org/PF-life_and_work_by_Peter.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060624041042/http://www.paulofreireinstitute.org/PF-life_and_work_by_Peter.html |date=2006-06-24 }}</ref> (Dalam kasus Freire, ini merupakan campuran Marxisme dengan agama Kristen). Perlu dicatat bahwa di Brasil pada saat itu, [[melek huruf]] merupakan syarat untuk [[pemilihan umum|ikut memilih dalam pemilu]].
[[Berkas:Paulo Freire (1963).tif|kiri|jmpl|Paulo Freire, 1963.]]
Pada 1961, ia diangkat sebagai direktur dari departemen Perluasan Budaya dari Universitas Recife, dan pada 1962 ia mendapatkan kesempatan pertama untuk menerapkan secara luas teori-teorinya, ketika 300 orang buruh [[tebu|kebun tebu]] diajar untuk membaca dan menulis hanya dalam 45 hari. Sebagai tanggapan terhadap eksperimen ini, pemerintah Brasil menyetujui dibentuknya
Pada 1964, sebuah kudeta militer mengakhiri upaya itu, dan menyebabkan Freire dipenjarakan selama 70 hari atas tuduhan menjadi pengkhianat. Setelah mengasingkan diri untuk waktu singkat di [[Bolivia]], Freire bekerja di [[Chili]] selama lima tahun untuk [[Gerakan Pembaruan Agraria Demokratis Kristen]]. Pada 1967, Freire menerbitkan bukunya yang pertama, ''Pendidikan sebagai Praktik Pembebasan''.
Baris 55 ⟶ 154:
* {{en}} [http://marxists.anu.edu.au/subject/education/freire/pedagogy/index.htm Pedagogy of the Oppressed by Paulo Freire]
* {{en}} [http://www.poped.org/ PopEd Toolkit - Exercises/Links Inspired by Friere's Work] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060511090433/http://www.poped.org/ |date=2006-05-11 }}
{{Authority control}}
{{lifetime|1921|1997|Freire, Paulo}}
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