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{{kegunaanlain}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Kalong
| image = Bristol.zoo.livfruitbat.arp.jpg
| image_caption = ''Pteropus livingstonii''
|
| authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1762
| subdivision_ranks = Spesies
| subdivision = Lihat teks
| range_map = Pteropus range.jpg
| range_map_caption = Peta persebaran
| fossil_range={{fossilrange|[[Holosen]]|ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=103145|title=Pteropus Brisson 1762 (flying fox)| website=Fossilworks| access-date=17 December 2021}}</ref>}}
| type_species_authority=Kerr, 1792
| type_species=''[[Pteropus niger|Vespertilio vampyrus niger]]''<ref name="ICZN 1998">{{cite journal |author1=ICZN |title=Opinion 1894. ''Regnum Animale ...'', Ed. 2 (M.J. Brisson, 1762): rejected for nomenclatural purposes, with the conservation of the mammalian generic names ''Philander'' (Marsupialia), ''Pteropus'' (Chiroptera), ''Glis'', ''Cuniculus'', and ''Hydrochoerus'' (Rodentia), ''Meles'', ''Lutra'' and ''Hyaena'' (Carnivora), ''Tapirus'' (Perissodactyla), ''Tragulus'' and ''Giraffa'' (Artiodactyla) |journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature |date=1998 |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=64–71 |url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12441432}}</ref>
}}
'''Kalong''' adalah
Dalam [[bahasa Inggris]] kalong biasa dikenal sebagai ''Giant Fruit Bats'' atau ''Flying Foxes''. Kalong menyebar di [[Asia]] tropis dan subtropis (termasuk di anak benua [[India]]), [[Australia]], [[Indonesia]], pulau-pulau di lepas pantai timur [[Afrika]] (tetapi tidak di daratan benuanya), serta di sejumlah kepulauan di [[Samudra Hindia]] dan [[Samudra Pasifik|Pasifik]].<ref name=corbet>{{aut|Corbet, G.B. & J.E. Hill}}. 1992. ''The Mammals of Indomalayan Region: a systematic review'': 57-8. Oxford: Nat. Hist. Mus. Publ. & Oxford Univ. Press.</ref><ref name=boon>{{aut|[[Boonsong Lekagul|Lekagul B.]] & [[Jeffrey A. McNeely|J.A. McNeely]]}}. 1977. ''Mammals of Thailand'': 50. Bangkok: Association for the Conservation of Wildlife.</ref>
== Pengenalan ==
Kelelawar yang berukuran amat besar. Jari pertama sangat panjang, jari kedua memiliki cakar yang berkembang baik. Tengkorak berukuran besar dan memanjang, dengan rangka otak yang berbentuk hampir seperti pipa. Memiliki tiga geraham depan di rahang atas, tetapi yang terdepan sangat kecil dan sering tanggal pada individu yang tua.<ref>{{aut|[[Junaidi Payne|Payne, J.]], C.M. Francis, K. Phillipps, [[Sri Nurani Kartikasari|S.N. Kartikasari]]}}. 2000. ''Panduan Lapangan Mamalia di Kalimantan, Sabah, Serawak, & Brunei Darussalam''. Sabah Society, WCS, dan WWF Malaysia. Hal. 179-180</ref> Rumus [[gigi]]: I2 C1 P3 M2/I2 C1 P3 M3 (total 34 buah); dan tidak punya ekor.<ref name=boon/>
== Ekologi ==
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Laman ''Mammals Species of the World'' mencatat sejumlah 65 [[spesies]] anggota [[genus]] ''Pteropus'':<ref>{{aut|Simmons, N.B.}} 2005. [http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13800239 ''"Pteropus"''.] <u>In</u> Wilson, D.E.; D.M. Reeder. ''Mammal Species of the World'' (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.</ref>
* [[Kalong admiralti]] ''Pteropus admiralitatum''
* [[Kalong Aldabra|Kalong aldabra]] ''Pteropus aldabrensis''
* [[Kalong hitam]] ''Pteropus alecto''
* ''[[Pteropus allenorum]]''
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* [[Kalong bismark]] ''Pteropus neohibernicus''
* [[Kalong mauritius]] ''Pteropus niger''
*
* [[Kalong seram]] ''Pteropus ocularis''
* [[Ornate Flying Fox]] ''Pteropus ornatus''
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== Catatan kaki dan rujukan lain ==
{{Reflist}}
* {{cite book|author=Altringham, J.D.|title=Bats: biology and behaviour|url=https://archive.org/details/batsbiologybehav00altr|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=1996|isbn=0198503229 }}
* {{cite book|author=Hall, L. S. & Richards, G. C.|title=Flying foxes: fruit and blossom bats of Australia|publisher=University of New South Wales Press|location=Sydney|year=2000|isbn=0868405612 }}
* {{cite journal |author=Marshall, A.G. |title=Old world phytophagus bats (Megachiroptera) and their food plants: a survey |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=83 |pages=351–369 |year=1985 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.1985.tb01181.x}}
* Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A.M. & Racey, P. (1992) Old World Fruit Bats: An Action Plan for Their Conservation. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN
* {{cite book|author=Neuweiler, G.|title=The Biology of Bats|url=https://archive.org/details/biologyofbats0000neuw|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|year=2000|isbn=0195099516 }}
* {{cite book|author=Nowak, R.M. & Walker, E.P.|title=Walker's bats of the world|url=https://archive.org/details/walkersbatsofwor00rona|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|location=Baltimore|year=1994|isbn=0801849861 }}
== Pranala luar ==
{{wikispecies}}
{{Commons category|Pteropus}}
* [http://www.stickeebatz.com Flying Fox Manual - A manual for Wildlife Carers in Australia by Dave Pinson] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009162610/http://www.stickeebatz.com/ |date=2007-10-09 }}
* [http://ranchotransylvania.org/otheranimals.html Overview of flying foxes at Rancho Transylvania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611092140/http://ranchotransylvania.org/otheranimals.html |date=2008-06-11 }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1241332}}
[[Kategori:Mamalia Asia]]
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[[Kategori:Kelelawar]]
[[Kategori:Pteropodidae]]
[[Kategori:Pteropus]]
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