Tipulidae: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Automatic taxobox
| fill = yes
| image = Tipulidae April 2008-2.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Nephrotoma appendiculata]]''
| image2 = Tipula leatherjacket Emelt.jpg
| image2_caption = Larva
▲| familia_authority = [[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1802
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = Lihat teks
}}
'''Tipulidae''' adalah [[famili (biologi)|famili]] yang tergolong dalam ordo [[Diptera]] ([[lalat]]) dan superfamili [[Tipuloidea]]. [[Cylindrotomidae]], [[Limoniidae]], [[Pediciidae]] adalah peringkat sebagai subfamili dari Tipulidae oleh beberapa peneliti.<ref>Alexander C.P., Byers G.W. (1981) Tipulidae. in: McAlpine J.F. et al. (Ed.), ''Manual of Nearctic Diptera''. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, pp. 153–1902 ISBN 0-660-10731-7 [http://www.esc-sec.ca/aafcmono.php pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131201030220/http://www.esc-sec.ca/aafcmono.php |date=2013-12-01 }} '''download manual'''</ref>
Tipulidae adalah serangga penyendiri yang mengalami [[distribusi kosmopolitan|penyebaran]] ke seluruh penjuru dunia dengan jumlah yang terbatas. Keragaman dapat dijumpai di daerah [[tropika]], belahan [[Garis lintang|bumi utara]], serta di daerah dataran tinggi.<ref name=pritch>Pritchard, G. (1983). [http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/ccw/documents/Pritchard,_1983.pdf Biology of Tipulidae.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112222236/http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/ccw/documents/Pritchard,_1983.pdf |date=2014-01-12 }} ''Annual Review of Entomology'' 28(1), 1-22.</ref> Lalat dewasa yang tergolong [[famili (biologi)|famili]] biasanya tampak mirip dengan nyamuk dan panjangnya bervariasi antara {{convert|2|-|60|mm|1|abbr=on}}, walaupun panjang spesies tropis dapat mencapai {{convert|100|mm|0|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rentokil.co.za/pest-guides/insects-and-spiders/flies/crane-fly/index.html|title= Crane Fly|publisher= Rentokil}}</ref>
== Deskripsi ==
=== Ringkasan ===
Tipulidae menyerupai nyamuk besar, biasanya memiliki tubuh langsing dan kaki seperti kaki terkelupas dan mudah lepas dari tubuh. Lebar sayap umumnya sekitar 1,0 hingga 6,5 cm, meskipun beberapa spesies Holorusia dapat mencapai 11 cm.<ref>[http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2143294/worlds-biggest-mosquito-found-southwest-china]</ref>
== Genera ==
* Subfamili [[Ctenophorinae]]
:* ''[[Ctenophora (genus)|Ctenophora]]'' <small>[[Johann Wilhelm Meigen|Meigen]], 1803</small>
:* ''[[Dictenidia]]'' <small>Brulle, 1833</small>
:* ''[[Phoroctenia]]'' <small>[[Daniel William Coquillett|Coquillett]], 1910</small>
:* ''[[Pselliophora]]'' <small>[[Karl Robert Osten-Sacken|Osten Sacken]], 1887</small>
:* ''[[Tanyptera]]'' <small>[[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1804</small>
* Subfamili [[Dolichopezinae]]
:* ''[[Dolichopeza]]'' <small>[[John Curtis (entomologist)|Curtis]], 1825</small>
* Subfamili [[Tipulinae]]
:* ''[[Acracantha]]'' <small>[[Frederick A. Askew Skuse|Skuse]], 1890</small>
:* ''[[Angarotipula]]'' <small>Savchenko, 1961</small>
:* ''[[Austrotipula]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1920</small>
:* ''[[Brachypremna]]'' <small>[[Karl Robert Osten-Sacken|Osten Sacken]], 1887</small>
:* ''[[Brithura]]'' <small>[[Frederick Wallace Edwards|Edwards]], 1916</small>
:* ''[[Clytocosmus]]'' <small>[[Frederick A. Askew Skuse|Skuse]], 1890</small>
:* ''[[Elnoretta]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1929</small>
:* ''[[Euvaldiviana]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1981</small>
:* ''[[Goniotipula]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1921</small>
:* ''[[Holorusia]]'' <small>[[Hermann Loew|Loew]], 1863</small>
:* ''[[Hovapeza]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1951</small>
:* ''[[Hovatipula]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1955</small>
:* ''[[Idiotipula]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1921</small>
:* ''[[Indotipula]]'' <small>[[Frederick Wallace Edwards|Edwards]], 1931</small>
:* ''[[Ischnotoma]]'' <small>[[Frederick A. Askew Skuse|Skuse]], 1890</small>
:* ''[[Keiseromyia]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1963</small>
:* ''[[Leptotarsus]]'' <small>[[Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville|Guerin-Meneville]], 1831</small>
:* ''[[Macgregoromyia]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1929</small>
:* ''[[Megistocera]]'' <small>[[Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann|Wiedemann]], 1828</small>
:* ''[[Nephrotoma]]'' <small>[[Johann Wilhelm Meigen|Meigen]], 1803</small>
:* ''[[Nigrotipula]]'' <small>Hudson & Vane-Wright, 1969</small>
:* ''[[Ozodicera]]'' <small>[[Justin Pierre Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1834</small>
:* ''[[Platyphasia]]'' <small>[[Frederick A. Askew Skuse|Skuse]], 1890</small>
:* ''[[Prionocera]]'' <small>[[Hermann Loew|Loew]], 1844</small>
:* ''[[Prionota]]'' <small>van der Wulp, 1885</small>
:* ''[[Ptilogyna]]'' <small>[[John Obadiah Westwood|Westwood]], 1835</small>
:* ''[[Scamboneura]]'' <small>[[Karl Robert Osten-Sacken|Osten Sacken]], 1882</small>
:* ''[[Sphaerionotus]]'' <small>de Meijere, 1919</small>
:* ''[[Tipula]]'' <small>[[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[Systema Naturae|1758]], 1758</small>
:* ''[[Tipulodina]]'' <small>[[Günther Enderlein|Enderlein]], 1912</small>
:* ''[[Valdiviana]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1929</small>
:* ''[[Zelandotipula]]'' <small>[[Charles Paul Alexander|Alexander]], 1922</small>
{{div col end}}
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Lihat pula ==
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://delta-intkey.com/britin/dip/www/tipulida.htm Delta-Intkey.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013164646/http://delta-intkey.com/britin/dip/www/tipulida.htm |date=2007-10-13 }}, Family descriptions and images
* [http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2129.html Ohioline.osu.edu], Ohio State University Fact Sheet
* [http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/cranefly IZ.carnegiemnh.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723035734/http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/cranefly/ |date=2017-07-23 }}, Crane Flies of Pennsylvania, Extensive Specimen Collection, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
* [http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/ccw/ NLBIF.eti.uva.nl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428095205/http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/ccw/ |date=2015-04-28 }}, Catalog of Craneflies of the World
* [http://www.diptera.info/photogallery.php?album_id=54 Diptera.info], Image Gallery
* [http://bugguide.net/node/view/183/bgimage BugGuide.bet], photo gallery, many species
* [http://gaga.jes.mlc.edu.tw/tipulidae/tipulidae.htm Gaga.jes.mlc.edu.tw] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420055528/http://gaga.jes.mlc.edu.tw/tipulidae/tipulidae.htm |date=2008-04-20 }}, Tipulidae of Taiwan {{zh icon}}, with images under Latin binomials
* [http://insects.tamu.edu/fieldguide/bimg215.html/ Insects.tamu.edu], Texas A&M Entomology Field Guide
* [http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/cranefly/introduction.htm Crane Flies of PA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709155220/http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/cranefly/introduction.htm |date=2017-07-09 }}
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[[Kategori:Famili serangga]]▼
[[Kategori:Tipulidae| ]]
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