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'''Johns Hopkins''' (
== Keluarga ==
▲'''Johns Hopkins''' ([[19 Mei]] [[1795]], [[Anne Arundel County]], [[Maryland]] – [[24 Desember]] [[1873]], [[Baltimore]] ) adalah seorang [[pengusaha]], filantropis, dan abolisionis [[abad ke-19]], sekarang ini masih banyak dikenal karena karya [[filantropis]]nya yang termasuk [[Universitas Johns Hopkins]], [[Rumah Sakit Johns Hopkins]], dan [[Sekolah Medis Johns Hopkins]].
Pada 19 Mei 1795, Johns Hopkins dilahirkan di [[Anne Arundel County]], [[Maryland]] dalam sebuah keluarga kaya. Ia merupakan anak
▲Johns Hopkins merupakan anak kedua dari sebelas bersaudara. Ibunya, Hannah Janney, dilahirkan di [[Loudoun County]], [[Virginia]]. Ayahnya [[Samuel Hopkins]] lahir di [[Virginia]]. Kedua orang tua Johns menikah pada [[19 Agustus]] [[1792]]. Pada saat menikah, Samuel berumur 33 sedangkan Hannah berumur 18.
== The Emansipasi dan akibatnya ==
Pada [[1807]], orang tua Johns Hopkins' yang beragama [[Quaker]] membebaskan budaknya. Keluarga ini juga merawat budak yang kurang sehat. Sebagai anggota dari komunitas Quaker, orang tuanya merupakan salah satu yang memutuskan untuk mengemansipasikan budak mereka dan juga meminta anggota lainnya yang ingin bergabung dalam komunitas ini melakukan hal yang sama. Karena emansipasi ini pendidikan John dan kakaknya terganggu. Kedua adik-kakak ini harus mengerjakan pekerjaan perkebunan setelah balik dari sekolah.
Ibunya meninggal pada 1846, setahun setelah anak tertua mereka Joseph yang juga meninggal. Dia juga banyak membantu saudara-saudaranya yang sudah tua atau memiliki kesulitan finansial.
Setelah dia meninggalkan perkebunan, Hopkins bekerja di bisnis grosiran pamannya. Bisnis sukses pertamanya datang ketika pamannya pergi [[Perang 1812]].
Ketika tinggal di rumah pamannya, dia jatuh cinta kepada sepupunya, Elizabeth Hopkins. Dalam Quakers penilaian terhadap perkawinan antara sepupu sangat kuat dan orang tua Elizabeth tidak
▲== Tahun bisnis ==
▲Setelah dia meninggalkan perkebunan, Hopkins bekerja di bisnis grosiran pamannya. Bisnis sukses pertamanya datang ketika pamannya pergi [[Perang 1812]].
▲Ketika tinggal di rumah pamannya, dia jatuh cinta kepada sepupunya, Elizabeth Hopkins. Dalam Quakers penilaian terhadap perkawinan antara sepupu sangat kuat dan orang tua Elizabeth tidak mengijinkan mereka untuk menikah. Mereka berjanji tak akan menikah kepada orang lain dan tetap melajang selama hidup mereka. Sama dengan anggota keluarga yang lain, Johns juga menyediakan rumah untuk Elizabeth di masa tuanya. Elizabeth hidup sampai kematiannya pada 1889, hampir 15 tahun setelah kematian Johns.
Setelah dia meninggalkan bisnis pamannya, Hopkins dan Benjamin Moore, juga seorang Quaker, menjalankan bisnis bersama. Bisnis tersebut kemudian menjadi Hopkins & Brothers ketika Moore membatalkan kerja sama mereka dan menyatakan bahwa Johns mencintai uang lebih daripadanya.
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://dgmweb.net/genealogy/FGS/H/HopkinsGerrard-MargaretJohns.shtml Genealogical Records
* [http://www.library.jhu.edu/collections/specialcollections/archives/jacob.html Thom and Jacob discuss his love for his cousin and Quaker traditions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040825120258/http://www.library.jhu.edu/collections/specialcollections/archives/jacob.html |date=2004-08-25 }}▼
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:2001.01.0027 In his 1887 memoir, Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April, 1861: A Study of the War, George William Brown city Johns Hopkins as a wealthy Union man in Baltimore, a city with strong Confederate and Southern leanings]
▲* [http://www.library.jhu.edu/collections/specialcollections/archives/jacob.html Thom and Jacob discuss his love for his cousin and Quaker traditions]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lhbcb&fileName=50529//lhbcb50529.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?ammem/lhbcbbib:@field(NUMBER+@od1(lhbcb+50529))&linkText=0&presId=lhbcbbib In The Chronicles of Baltimore: Being a Complete History of "Baltimore Town" and Baltimore City from the Earliest Period to the Present Time published in 1874, John Thomas Scharf cited the 1873 instruction letter to the hospital trustees and a city council resolution thanking Johns Hopkins for his philanthropy.
* [http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/orphanasylum.htm The Institutional Records of The Johns Hopkins Hospital Colored Orphan Asylum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329062215/http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/orphanasylum.htm |date=2008-03-29 }}▼
▲* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:2001.01.0027 In his 1887 memoir, Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April, 1861: A Study of the War, George William Brown city Johns Hopkins as a wealthy Union man in Baltimore, a city with strong Confederate and Southern leanings]
▲* [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lhbcb&fileName=50529//lhbcb50529.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?ammem/lhbcbbib:@field(NUMBER+@od1(lhbcb+50529))&linkText=0&presId=lhbcbbib In The Chronicles of Baltimore: Being a Complete History of "Baltimore Town" and Baltimore City from the Earliest Period to the Present Time published in 1874, John Thomas Scharf cited the 1873 instruction letter to the hospital trustees and a city council resolution thanking Johns Hopkins for his philanthropy. Thom's biography and New York and Maryland newspapers were sources that published parts or all of this letter]
▲* [http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/orphanasylum.htm The Institutional Records of The Johns Hopkins Hospital Colored Orphan Asylum]
* [http://famousamericans.net/johnshopkins/[[Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography]]]
* [http://
▲* [http://72.14.209.104/search?q=cache:e_ht1wUdwUkJ:www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/ishm/galveston.pdf+Johns+Hopkins,+Colored+Children,+Orphan+Asylum,+Reynolds,Hospital&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=4 Abstract Johns Hopkins Dream for a Model of its Kind: The JHH Colored Orphans Asylum", 2000 Conference International Society for the History of Medicine BY Dr. P. Reynolds]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=500 Grave site of Johns Hopkins]
* [http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/1999/jan0499/04hopkin.html Graveside ceremony for Johns Hopkins]
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:2001.01.0027 Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April, 1861: A Study of the War, the memoir of George William Brown then the mayor of Baltimore city, later a member of the university board of trustees of the Johns Hopkins University]
▲* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:2001.01.0027 Baltimore and the Nineteenth of April, 1861: A Study of the War, the memoir of George William Brown then the mayor of Baltimore city, later a member of the university board of trustees of the Johns Hopkins University]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lhbcb&fileName=50529//lhbcb0529.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?ammem/lhbcbbib:@field(NUMBER+@od1(lhbcb+50529))&linkText=0&presId=lhbcbbib The Chronicles of Baltimore: Being a Complete History of "Baltimore Town" and Baltimore City from the Earliest Period to the Present Time published in 1874 by John Thomas Scharf]
* [http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/aprjun95/may2295/22johns.html "If He Could See Us Now: Mr. Johns Hopkins' Legacy Strong University, Hospital Benefactor Turned 200 on May 19, 1995", Mike Field, the author, contradicts this statement]
* [http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/orphanasylum.htm The Institutional Records of The Johns Hopkins Hospital Colored Orphan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329062215/http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/orphanasylum.htm |date=2008-03-29 }}▼
▲* [http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about/history/history8.html Chronology, Nursing school]
* [
▲* [http://www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu/orphanasylum.htm The Institutional Records of The Johns Hopkins Hospital Colored Orphan]
▲* [http://72.14.209.104/search?q=cache:e_ht1wUdwUkJ:www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/ishm/galveston.pdf+Johns+Hopkins,+Colored+Children,+Orphan+Asylum,+Reynolds,Hospital&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=4 Abstract Johns Hopkins Dream for a Model of its Kind: The JHH Colored Orphans Asylum" By Dr. P. Reynolds]
* [http://famousamericans.net/johnshopkins/ Johns Hopkins [[Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography]]]
* [http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/aprjun95/may2295/22johns.html "If He Could See Us Now: Mr. Johns Hopkins' Legacy Strong University, Hospital Benefactor Turned 200 on May 19, 1995" by Mike Field a writer for the Johns Hopkins Gazette. Field, Thom, and Jacob
* [http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/speccol/photos/philanthropy/html/hopkins.htm Johns Hopkins, Maryland
* [http://afam.nts.jhu.edu/about "The History of African Americans @ Johns Hopkins
{{lifetime|1795|1873|}}
[[Kategori:Wirausahawan Amerika Serikat]]
▲* [http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/aprjun95/may2295/22johns.html "If He Could See Us Now: Mr. Johns Hopkins' Legacy Strong University, Hospital Benefactor Turned 200 on May 19, 1995" by Mike Field a writer for the Johns Hopkins Gazette. Field, Thom, and Jacob called Johns Hopkins an abolitionist. See also The Racial Record of Johns Hopkins University in the Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, No. 25, Autumn, 1999, pp. 42-43/ JSTOR]
▲* [http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/speccol/photos/philanthropy/html/hopkins.htm Johns Hopkins, Maryland State Archives]
▲* [http://afam.nts.jhu.edu/about "The History of African Americans @ Johns Hopkins University" See in particular the chronology and the paper by Danton Rodriguez.]
▲[[Category:Filantropis Amerika]]
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