Tradescantia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Judul miring}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = '''''Tradescantia'''''
| image = Tradescantia fluminensis (Flowers).jpg
| image_caption = ''Tradescantia fluminensis''
|
|
| familia = [[Commelinaceae]]▼
▲| genus_authority = [[Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius|Ruppius]] ex [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref>Linnaeus Sp. Pl.: 288 (1753).</ref><ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?12239 |title=Genus: ''Tradescantia'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2004-08-10 |access-date=2011-03-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605012349/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?12239 |archive-date=2011-06-05 }}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Spesies
| subdivision = Lihat teks
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="GRIN"/><ref name=w/>
| synonyms = *''Campelia'' <small>Rich.</small>
*''Cymbispatha'' <small>Pichon</small>
*''Mandonia'' <small>Hassk. 1871 not Wedd. 1864 nor Sch. Bip. 1865</small>
Baris 40 ⟶ 30:
*''Knowlesia'' <small>Hassk.</small>
*''Skofitzia'' <small>Hassk. & Kanitz</small>
| color={{tc2|tumbuhan}}
| display_parents=3
}}
'''''Tradescantia'''''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32666922 |title=Sunset western garden book |date=March 1995 |publisher=Sunset Publishing Corporation |others=Sunset Books |isbn=0-376-03851-9 |editor-last=Brenzel |editor-first=Kathleen Norris |edition=6th |location=Menlo Park, California |pages=606–607 |language=en |oclc=32666922}}</ref> adalah genus dari 85 spesies<ref name="POWO">{{Cite web |title=Tradescantia Ruppius ex L. |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436455-2 |access-date=2022-01-20 |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]}}</ref> tumbuhan liar dalam famili [[Commelinaceae]]. Genus ini berasal dari Amerika, yang tersebar dari Kanada bagian selatan hingga Argentina bagian utara, termasuk [[Hindia Barat]].<ref>{{PLANTS|id=TRADE|taxon=Tradescantia|access-date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tradescantia (Spiderwort) Planting and Growing Guide |url=https://www.seasonalgardening.co.uk/perennials/tradescantia.asp |access-date=4 February 2022 |website=Seasonal Gardening}}</ref>
Anggota genus ini tumbuh hingga setinggi 30–60 cm, dan biasa ditemukan secara individu atau dalam rumpun di area berhutan dan terbuka. Mereka diperkenalkan ke Eropa sebagai tanaman hias pada abad ke-17, dan sekarang ditanam di banyak bagian dunia. Beberapa spesiesnya telah dinaturalisasi di wilayah Eropa, Asia, Afrika, Australia, dan di beberapa pulau yang berada di samudra.<ref name="w">{{cite web |title=Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=270160 |access-date=2020-07-08 |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]}}</ref>
Banyak dari spesiesnya yang menarik bagi sitogenetika karena perubahan evolusioner dalam struktur dan jumlah [[kromosom]]nya.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Golczyk|first=H.|date=2011|title=Structural Heterozygosity, Duplication of Telomeric (TTTAGGG)n Clusters and B Chromosome Architecture in Tradescantia virginiana L.|url=https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/328915|journal=Cytogenetic and Genome Research|language=en|volume=134|issue=3|pages=234–242|doi=10.1159/000328915|issn=1424-8581|pmid=21709415|s2cid=39983260}}</ref> Mereka juga telah digunakan sebagai [[bioindikator]] untuk mendeteksi [[mutagen]] lingkungan.<ref name="Ichikawa">{{cite journal |first=Sadao |last=Ichikawa |title= Somatic Mutation Rate in ''Tradescantia'' Stamen Hairs at Low Radiation Levels: Finding of Low Doubling Doses of Mutations |journal=The Japanese Journal of Genetics |year=1972 |volume=47 |issue=6 |pages=411–421 |doi=10.1266/jjg.47.411|doi-access=free }}</ref> Beberapa spesiesnya juga telah menjadi hama tanaman budidaya dan dianggap sebagai tumbuhan [[invasif]].
== Daftar Spesies ==
Berikut merupakan daftar spesies dari genus ''Tradescantia'':<ref name="POWO"/><ref name="Hunt1980">{{cite journal |title=Sections and Series in ''Tradescantia'': American Commelinaceae: IX |first=David R. |last=Hunt |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=35 |issue=2 |year=1980 |pages=437–442 |jstor=4114596 |doi=10.2307/4114596}}</ref><ref name="Hunt1986">{{cite journal |title=''Campelia'', ''Rhoeo'' and ''Zebrina'' united with ''Tradescantia'': American Commelinaceae: XIII |first=David R. |last=Hunt |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=41 |issue=2 |year=1986 |pages=401–405 |jstor=4102948 |doi=10.2307/4102948}}</ref><ref name="Pell2017">{{cite journal |last1=Pellegrini |first1=Marco |title=Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae |journal=PhytoKeys |date=26 Oct 2017 |issue=89 |pages=11–72 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388 |pmid=29118649 |pmc=5672149 |url=https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/20388/list/8/ |access-date=4 February 2022}}</ref
*'''Subgenus Austrotradescantia''' <small>(D.R.Hunt) M.Pell</small><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pellegrini |first1=Marco |title=Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D.R.Hunt) M.Pell. (Commelinaceae) |journal=PhytoKeys |date=19 July 2018 |issue=104 |pages=1–97 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484 |s2cid=51728169 |url=https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/28484/list/8/ |access-date=4 February 2022|doi-access=free }}</ref>
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** ''[[Tradescantia schippii]]'' <small>D.R.Hunt</small>
** ''[[Tradescantia soconuscana]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
** ''[[Nanas kerang|Tradescantia spathacea]]'' <small>Sw.</small> – '''Nanas kerang'''
** ''[[Tradescantia standleyi]]'' <small>Steyerm.</small>
** ''[[Tradescantia zanonia]]'' <small>(L.) Sw.</small>
** ''[[Zebrakraut|Tradescantia zebrina]]'' <small>Heynh. ''ex'' Bosse</small> – '''Zebrakraut'''
*'''Subgenus Mandonia''' <small>(D.R.Hunt) M.Pell.</small>
** ''[[Tradescantia ambigua]]'' <small>Mart. ''ex'' Schult. & Schult.f.</small>
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** ''[[Tradescantia mirandae]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
** ''[[Tradescantia orchidophylla]]'' <small>Rose & Hemsl.</small>
** ''[[Hati ungu|Tradescantia pallida]]'' <small>(Rose) D.R.Hunt</small> – '''Hati ungu'''
** ''[[Tradescantia pygmaea]]'' <small>D.R.Hunt</small>
** ''[[Tradescantia rozynskii]]'' <small>Matuda</small>
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== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
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