Misteri sejarah: Perbedaan antara revisi

Meskipun istilah "cerita detektif" diciptakan sekitar awal tahun 1930-an,<ref name=1946wolfe>{{cite news|last=Kaufman|first=Wolfe|title=Bits of Literary Slang|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gRoaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NCUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3821%2C4432702|access-date=27 April 2013|newspaper=[[The Milwaukee Journal]]|date=10 June 1946|archive-date=21 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421194734/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gRoaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NCUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3821%2C4432702|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=1985words>{{cite news|last=Morris|first=William & Mary|title=Words... Wit... Wisdom|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=oj9PAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zAIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5656%2C3661243|access-date=27 April 2013|newspaper=[[Toledo Blade]]|date=3 June 1985|archive-date=21 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421194735/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=oj9PAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zAIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5656%2C3661243|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |title=U's Whodunit: Universal is shooting 'Recipe for Murder,' Arnold Ridley's play |date=28 August 1934 |url=http://www.varietyultimate.com/search?search=whodunit&searchType=&startYear=1906&endYear=2013&searchDate=8%2F28%2F1934 |page=19 |access-date=13 November 2013 |archive-date=21 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421194736/http://www.varietyultimate.com/search?search=whodunit&searchType=&startYear=1906&endYear=2013&searchDate=8%2F28%2F1934 |url-status=live }}</ref> ada pendapat bahwa cerita detektif itu sendiri berasal dari drama Sophocles[[Sofokles]] tahun 429 SM, Oedipus''[[Oidipus RexSang Raja]]''<ref>{{cite book|last=Scaggs|first=John|title=Crime Fiction (The New Critical Idiom)|year=2005|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-0415318259|pages=9–11}}</ref> dan Kisah abad ke-10 "''[[Tiga Apel]]''" dari [[Seribu Satu Malam]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Story-Telling Techniques in the Arabian Nights|first=David|last=Pinault|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|year=1992|isbn=90-04-09530-6|pages=86–97}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Arabian Nights Reader|first=Ulrich|last=Marzolph|publisher=[[Wayne State University Press]]|year=2006|isbn=0-8143-3259-5|pages=239–246}}</ref> Pada masa [[Dinasti Ming]] di [[Tiongkok]] (1368–1644), novel rakyat [[Fiksi Gong'an|gong'an]] ("kasus kejahatan") ditulis di mana hakim pemerintah—terutama [[Di Renjie]] dari [[Dinasti Tang]] (618–907) dan [[Bao Zheng]] dari [[Dinasti Song]] (960–1279)—menyelidiki kasus dan kemudian sebagai hakim menentukan kesalahan dan hukuman. Kisah-kisah tersebut berlatar masa lalu namun mengandung banyak [[anakronisme]]. [[Robert van Gulik]] menemukan manuskrip Tiongkok ''[[Di Gong An]]'' yang ditulis secara anonim pada abad ke-18, dalam pandangannya lebih dekat dengan tradisi fiksi detektif Barat dibandingkan cerita gong'an lainnya sehingga lebih cenderung menarik pembaca non-Tionghoa, dan pada tahun 1949 menerbitkannya dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai ''Kasus Perayaan Hakim Dee''. Dia kemudian menulis cerita ''[[Hakim Dee]]'' sendiri (1951–1968) dengan gaya dan periode waktu yang sama.<ref name="WSJ 2010"/><ref name="Dee Herbert">{{cite book |last=Herbert |first=Rosemary |year=1999 |title=The Oxford Companion to Crime and Mystery Writing |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=0-19-507239-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195072396/page/38 38–39] |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195072396/page/38 }}</ref><ref name="Dee Hegel">{{cite book|last=Hegel|first=Robert|title=Reading Illustrated Fiction in Late Imperial China|year=1998|publisher=[[Stanford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-8047-3002-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/readingillustrat00hege/page/32 32–33]|url=https://archive.org/details/readingillustrat00hege/page/32}}</ref>

Mungkin karya Inggris modern pertama yang dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai fiksi sejarah dan misteri adalah cerita [[Melville Davisson Post]] tahun 1911 "Malaikat''The TuhanAngel of the Lord''", yang menampilkan detektif amatir Paman Abner di [[Virginia Barat]] sebelum [[Perang Saudara Amerika]].<ref name="PW Picker 2010"/><ref name="Abner">{{cite news |title=America's Greatest Mystery Writer |url=http://www.firstthings.com/onthesquare/2007/05/americas-greatest-mystery-writ |first=Joseph |last=Bottum |author-link=Joseph Bottum (author) |date=1 May 2007 |access-date=13 November 2013 |work=[[First Things]] |archive-date=13 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113091600/http://www.firstthings.com/onthesquare/2007/05/americas-greatest-mystery-writ |url-status=live }}</ref> Barry Zeman dari [[Mystery Writers of America]] menyebut cerita pendek Paman Abner sebagai "titik awal dari misteri sejarah yang sebenarnya".<ref name="PW Picker 2010"/> Dalam 22 cerita Paman Abner yang ditulis Post antara tahun 1911 dan 1928, karakter tersebut memecahkan misteri lokal dengan pengamatannya yang tajam dan pengetahuan tentang Alkitab.<ref name="Abner"/> Baru pada tahun 1943 penulis misteri Amerika [[Lillian de la Torre]] melakukan hal serupa dalam cerita "''The Great Seal of England''", memasukkan tokoh sastra abad ke-18 [[Samuel Johnson]] dan [[James Boswell]] ke dalam peran [[Sherlock Holmes]] dan [[Dr. Watson (Sherlock Holmes)|Dr. Watson]] yang pertama dari seri cerita ''Dr. Sam: Johnson, DetektorDetector''.<ref name="DLT obit">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/19/obituaries/lillian-de-la-torre-91-an-author-of-mysteries-from-british-history.html |title=Obituary: Lillian de la Torre, 91, an Author of Mysteries From British History |work=[[The New York Times]] |archive-date=23 January 2013 |date=19 September 1993 |first=Bruce |last=Lambert |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123014636/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/19/obituaries/lillian-de-la-torre-91-an-author-of-mysteries-from-british-history.html }}</ref><ref name="DLT bio">{{cite web |url=http://www.enotes.com/topics/lillian-de-la-torre |title=Lillian de la Torre Biography (''Critical Survey of Mystery & Detective Fiction'', Revised Edition) |access-date=13 November 2013 |archive-date=9 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409131328/http://www.enotes.com/topics/lillian-de-la-torre |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Carr">{{cite web |url=http://www.historicalnovels.info/Bride-of-Newgate.html |title=''The Bride of Newgate'' by John Dickson Carr |first=Margaret |last=Donsbach |website=HistoricalNovels.info |access-date=13 November 2013 |archive-date=25 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125143557/http://www.historicalnovels.info/Bride-of-Newgate.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Pada tahun 1944, [[Agatha Christie]] menerbitkan Death''[[Ledakan Comes as the EndDendam]]'', sebuah novel misteri berlatar [[Mesir Kuno|Mesir kuno]] dan cerita detektif sejarah berdurasi penuh pertama.<ref name="PW Picker 2010"/><ref name="Carr"/><ref name="Christie">{{cite web |url=http://www.historicalnovels.info/Death-Comes-as-the-End.html |title=''Death Comes as the End'' by Agatha Christie |first=Margaret |last=Donsbach |website=HistoricalNovels.info |access-date=13 November 2013 |archive-date=25 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125143728/http://www.historicalnovels.info/Death-Comes-as-the-End.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="PBS">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/mystery/marple/christie.html |title=Biography: Agatha Christie |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=13 November 2013 |archive-date=15 January 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070115120530/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/mystery/marple/christie.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Pada tahun 1950, [[John Dickson Carr]] menerbitkan novel misteri sejarah berdurasi penuh kedua berjudul ''[[The Bride of Newgate]]'', yang berlatar akhir [[Perang Napoleon]].<ref name="Carr"/>