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{{selfref|Artikel ini membahas Volvox, sebuah koloni organisme mikro. Untuk band [[rock]] dengan nama yang sama, lihat [[Volvox (band)]].}}
{{bukan|Volvo}}{{italic title}}
'''Volvox''' adalah [[ganggang hijau]] yang berbentuk koloni. Koloni Volvox berbentuk menyerupai bola. Pada sel-sel vegetatif bagian tepi ber[[flagel]] dua. Koloni [[sel]] tersebut dihubungkan satu dengan yang lain melalui benang-benang [[sitoplasma]]. Volvox hidup di air tawar misalnya di sawah atau di kolam. ▼
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Volvox''
| image = Volvox aureus 3 Ansichten.jpg
| image_caption = ''Volvox aureus''
| taxon = Volvox
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Spesies
| subdivision = ''[[Volvox aureus]]''<br />
''[[Volvox carteri]]'' (''V. nagariensis'')<br />
''[[Volvox globator]]''<br />
''[[Volvox barberi]]''<br />
''[[Volvox rouseletti]]''<br />
''[[Volvox dissipatrix]]''<br />
''[[Volvox tertius]]''
| color=lightgreen
| image_width=220px
}}
▲'''Volvox''' adalah salah satu [[spesies]] [[ganggang hijau]] yang berbentuk koloni. Koloni Volvox berbentuk menyerupai bola. Pada sel-sel vegetatif bagian tepi ber[[flagel]] dua. Koloni [[sel]] tersebut dihubungkan satu dengan yang lain melalui benang-benang [[sitoplasma]]. Volvox hidup di air tawar misalnya di sawah atau di kolam.
== Perkembangbiakan Volvox ==
* '''Perkembangbiakan vegetatif''' dengan menggunakan sel-sel vegetatif yang ukurannya lebih besar dari sel vegetatif lainnya yang terdapat di dalam koloni. Sel-sel itu dinamakan [[gonidia]] yang merupakan sel pemula. Koloni anak gonidia akan membelah berulang kali sehingga terbentuk koloni baru yang berukuran kecil, yang kemudian lepas dari koloni induk dan tumbuh menjadi koloni Volvox baru.
* '''Perkembangbiakan generatif''' Volvox secara oogami sebagai berikut. Di dalam koloni terdapat sel vegetatif yang lebih besar dari sel vegetatif yang lain. Sel vegetatif tersebut akan berkembang menjadi [[anteridium]] yang menghasilkan anterozoid dan oogonium yang menghasilkan sel telur (ovum). [[Sel telur|Ovum]] yang telah dibuahi menjadi [[zigot]] yang kemudian mengalami pembelahan, sehingga terbentuk koloni anak.
<!--'''''Volvox''''' is one of the best-known [[chlorophyte]]s and is the most developed in a series of genera that form spherical colonies. Each ''Volvox'' is composed of numerous [[flagellate]] cells similar to ''[[Chlamydomonas]]'', on the order of 1000-3000 in total, interconnected and arranged in a hollow sphere ([[coenobium]]). The cells swim in a coordinated fashion, with a distinct anterior and posterior - or since ''Volvox'' resembles a little planet, a 'north and south' pole. The cells have eyespots, more developed near the anterior, which enables the colony to swim towards light.
An [[asexual reproduction|asexual]] colony includes both somatic, or vegetative, cells, which do not reproduce, and ''gonidia'' near the posterior, which produces new colonies through repeated division. These daughter colonies are initially held within the parent and have their flagella directed inwards. Later, the parent disintegrates and the daughters invert. In [[sexual reproduction]] two types of [[gamete]]s are produced. Male colonies release numerous microgametes, or sperm, while in female colonies single cells enlarge to become oogametes, or eggs.
== Habitats ==
''Volvox'' is found in ponds and ditches, and even in shallow puddles. The most favorable place to look for it is in the deeper ponds, [[lagoon]]s, and ditches which receive an abundance of rain water. It has been said that where you find ''[[Lemna]]'', you are likely to find ''Volvox''; and it is true that such water is favorable, but the shading is unfavorable. Look where you find ''[[Sphagnum]]'', ''Vaucheria'', ''Alisma'', ''[[Equisetum]] fluviatile'', ''Utricularia'', ''Typha'', and ''[[Chara]]'', Dr. Nieuwland reports that ''[[Pandorina]]'', ''Eudorina'' and ''Gonium'' are commonly found in summer as constituents of the green scum on wallows in fields where [[pig]]s are kept. The flagellate, ''[[Euglena]]'', is often associated with these forms. If you have a culture in the laboratory, do not throw it out when the culture disappears, because new coenobia are likely to develop from the [[Oospore|oospores]].
The individual alga are connected by thin strands of cytoplasm, called protoplasmates.
== Laboratory protocols ==
A colony of ''Volvox'' can be cultured using a mild plant [[fertilizer]] in [[distilled water]]. Use approximately 0.5 [[gram|g]] of 10-5-5 plant fertilizer to 1000 [[litre|ml]] of distilled water. Both the container and water should be sterile, boil mixture then let cool to room temp, prior to infusion. Place the container by a windowsill where filtered, not direct sunlight, will reach for at least a few hours per day. You will notice the colony will tend to settle to the bottom of your container at night then rise to the surface seeking sunlight.
Material of ''Volvox'' and other [[Volvocales]] may be fixed in the [[corrosive sublimate]]-acetic mixture<ref>''Corrosive sublimate-acetic'' is a mixture of [[mercuric chloride]] (2 g), [[glacial acetic acid]] (2 ml) and H<sub>2</sub>O (100 ml).</ref> used hot (85° C). If material is to be stained and mounted whole, use the aqueous mixture, otherwise if it is to be imbedded and cut, use the alcoholic. For mounting whole, stain in iron-alum [[haematoxylin]], or in [[Magdala red]] and [[aniline blue]], following the [[Venetian turpentine]] method. A few bits of broken [[cover glass]], placed among the colonies, will prevent crushing.-->
== Catatan ==
<!--See http://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <ref(erences/)> tags-->
{{reflist}}
== Rujukan ==
* [[Charles Joseph Chamberlain|Chamberlain, Charles Joseph]]. ''Methods in Plant Histology''.
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8O4OolGcPg Video Volvox di YouTube]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q310495}}
[[Kategori:Alga hijau]]
[[Kategori:Alga]]
[[Kategori:Chlorophyta]]
{{biologi-stub}}
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