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Baris 1:
[[File:DoNotFeedTroll.svg|thumb|Nasihat untuk mengabaikan troll kadang-kadang diutarakan sebagai "Tolong jangan beri umpan troll."]]
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== Riset dan studi:
=== Sejarah Awal ===
Sebelum adanya pengarsipan [[Usenet]] oleh [[DejaNews]], catatan tentang trolling tidak begitu jelas, karena sedikitnya bukti yang dapat dipelajari. Baru setelah ini, semua arsip diskusi di [[Usenet]] dapat dipelajari oleh para peneliti. Kasus yang paling awal, kemungkinan adalah debat AlexAndJoan ([[1982]]-[[1983]]) di forum [[CompuServe]]. [[Van Gelder]], wartawan dari majalah [[Ms. magazine|Ms.]] mendokumentasikan kejadian tersebut dalam artikelnya pada tahun [[1996]]. Alex (yang dalam kehidupan nyatanya adalah seorang psikiater yahudi berusia 50-an yang pemalu dari New York) berpura-pura sebagai wanita yang sangat bombastik, anti-agama, menggunakan kursi roda dan bisu yang bernama Joan "dalam rangka untuk berhubungan yang lebih baik kepada pasien wanitanya". Hal ini berlangsung selama dua tahun, dan "Joan" menjadi sebuah karakter yang sangat detail dengan berbagai hubungan emosional dengan user lainnya. Kemudian menjadi berantakan saat "Joan" menghubungkan salah satu kawan onlinenya untuk terlibat affair dengan Alex.
:"Even those who barely knew Joan felt implicated—and somehow betrayed—by Alex's deception. Many of us on-line like to believe that we're a utopian community of the future, and Alex's experiment proved to us all that technology is no shield against deceit. We lost our innocence, if not our faith." (Van Gelder, 1996, p.534)
Baris 16 ⟶ 17:
:"''You are so far beyond being able to understand anything anyone here says that this is just converging on uselessness. The really sad part is that you really believe that you're winning. You are a shocking waste of natural resources - kindly re-integrate yourself into the food-chain...you mindless flatulent '''troll'''."''
Pada awal 1990-an, frasa "trolling for newbies" menjadi populer di grup Usenet alt.folklore.urban, dimana penggunaannya sedikit berbeda dengan penggunaan istilah tersebut saat ini; saat itu, istilah ini digunakan sebagai 'inside-joke', biasanya berisi pertanyaan-pertanyaan atau subjek yang sudah sangat usang sehingga cuma user baru yang menanggapinya secara jujur. Ada lagi yang mengembangkan istilah tersebut untuk mengacu kepada praktik memainkan peran sebagai orang yang sangat kurang informasi atau salah arah, bahkan dalam newsgroup dimana orang tersebut bukan merupakan pengikut aktif, namun sering ditekankan bahwa hal ini hanya mengacu pada usaha-usaha yang dilakukan
:"In the physical world there is an inherent unity to the self, for the body provides a compelling and convenient definition of identity. The norm is: one body, one identity. ... The virtual world is different. It is composed of information rather than matter."
Baris 26 ⟶ 27:
:"Trolling is a game about identity deception, albeit one that is played without the consent of most of the players. The troll attempts to pass as a legitimate participant, sharing the group's common interests and concerns; the newsgroups members, if they are cognizant of trolls and other identity deceptions, attempt to both distinguish real from trolling postings and, upon judging a poster a troll, make the offending poster leave the group. Their success at the former depends on how well they—and the troll—understand identity cues; their success at the latter depends on whether the troll's enjoyment is sufficiently diminished or outweighed by the costs imposed by the group.
:"Trolls can be costly in several ways. A troll can disrupt the discussion on a newsgroup, disseminate bad advice, and damage the feeling of trust in the newsgroup community. Furthermore, in a group that has become sensitized to trolling—where the rate of deception is high—many honestly naïve questions may be quickly rejected as trollings. This can be quite off-putting to the new user who upon venturing a first posting is immediately bombarded with angry accusations. Even if the accusation is unfounded, being branded a troll is quite damaging to one's online reputation." (Donath, 1999, p. 45)[http://hyperion.math.upatras.gr/courses/newcommmedia99-00/papers99-00/donath.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050310045724/http://hyperion.math.upatras.gr/courses/newcommmedia99-00/papers99-00/donath.html |date=2005-03-10 }}
== Penggunaan ==
Baris 35 ⟶ 36:
Troll juga sering digunakan untuk mendiskreditkan posisi yang berseberangan dalam suatu argumen. Hal ini dapat menghasilkan argumentasi [[ad hominem]]; seorang troll yang memeng berniat mungkin dapat mempertahankan posisi kontroversial hanya karena ia telah berhasil menantang opini yang dianggap umum.
== Resolusi dan alternatif ==
Baris 52 ⟶ 47:
Hasil yang lebih baik umumnya diraih jika pengguna mengambil peran ''moderator'' dan menunjukkan kelakuan yang lebih konstruktif dengan cara tidak menghakimi dan tidak konfrontasional. Troll menjadi bersemangat kepada pemburu troll, dan menjadi frustasi dengan adanya ''ignorers'', dan kedua emosi ini tidak menghasilkan hasil yang bermanfaat kepada forum. Terlibat dalam troll menghasilkan "flame wars". Troll yang frustasi oleh "strategi abai" dapat kemudian meninggalkan forum, atau dapat menjadi lebih 'membakar' hingga mereka mendapat respon.
==
{{reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.facebook.com/MemeComicIndonesia] (Official Troll and Friends Page)
* [http://www.urban75.com/Mag/troll.html urban75 Trolling FAQ - comprehensive guide to the dark art of trolling]
* [http://groups.google.com/groups?ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&as_umsgid=36a7593e.22750214@ruble.net&lr=&hl=en-us alt.troll FAQ] (how-to)
* [http://www.angelfire.com/space/usenet/ How to Handle a Troll and Beat Them at Their Own Game]
* [http://www.cuyamaca.net/bruce.thompson/Fallacies/intro_fallacies.asp Bruce Thompson's page on logical fallacies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404002619/http://www.cuyamaca.net/bruce.thompson/Fallacies/intro_fallacies.asp |date=2005-04-04 }}
* [http://www.cs.uu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/net-abuse-faq/troll-faq.html alt.syntax.tactical FAQ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610013003/http://www.cs.uu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/net-abuse-faq/troll-faq.html |date=2007-06-10 }}
* [http://faqs.jmas.co.jp/FAQs/1999/Feb/990211.01 afk-mn FAQ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050410075950/http://faqs.jmas.co.jp/FAQs/1999/Feb/990211.01 |date=2005-04-10 }} (mostly old-style Usenet trolling)
* [http://thingy.apana.org.au/~fun/fsckhead.html What Makes A Fuckhead?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050208001703/http://thingy.apana.org.au/~fun/fsckhead.html |date=2005-02-08 }} by David Kendrick
* [http://www.annoy.com/ Annoy.com] A professional troll who fights for freedom of speech
* [http://groups-beta.google.com/group/alt.college.fraternities/msg/df3cd97b78a4e066 "Oh how I envy American students"]
* [http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/mb.pl?FalseRepentance False repentance]
* [http://www.emoderators.com/papers/flames.html The relationship between social context cues and uninhibited verbal behavior in computer-mediated communication] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601130029/http://emoderators.com/papers/flames.html |date=2009-06-01 }}
* [http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol7/issue1/baker.html Moral panic and alternative identity construction in Usenet]
* [http://www.slis.indiana.edu/CSI/WP/WP02-03B.html Searching for Safety Online: Managing "Trolling" in a Feminist Forum] <!-- scare quotes from original paper -->
* [http://www.adequacy.org/public/stories/2001.12.2.42056.2147.html Is Your Son a Computer Hacker?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040612092245/http://www.adequacy.org/public/stories/2001.12.2.42056.2147.html |date=2004-06-12 }} One of the most successful trolls ever, this article on the now defunct [[Adequacy.org]] attracted almost 6000 responses.
* [http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/T/troll.html Troll] entry in the [[Jargon File]]
* [http://www.jestsandjokes.com/show.php3?joke=185 Humorous definition of a troll] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050206221239/http://www.jestsandjokes.com/show.php3?joke=185 |date=2005-02-06 }}
* [
* [http://redwing.hutman.net/~mreed/warriorshtm/troller.htm Flame Warriors - Troller.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050308031039/http://redwing.hutman.net/~mreed/warriorshtm/troller.htm |date=2005-03-08 }} (Witty and well observed cartoon depictions of flame warriors, including trolls and related types.)
{{Authority control}}
[[Kategori:Troll Internet| ]]
[[Kategori:Psikologi populer]]
[[Kategori:Istilah internet]]
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