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[[Berkas:ShenzhouVII.jpg|200px|jmpl]]
'''Program Shenzhou''' ( Cina:神舟; pinyin: Shénzhōu) adalah [[Penerbangan antariksa|penerbangan luar angkasa]] berawak inisiatif China. Program ini menempatkan warga negara Cina, Yang Liwei, ke orbit pada tanggal 15 Oktober 2003.
 
Pembangunan dimulai pada tahun 1992, dengan nama Proyek 921-1. ''The Chinese National Manned Space Program'' diberi sebutan Proyek 921 dengan Proyek 921-1 sebagai tujuan pertama yang signifikan. Rencananya menyerukan peluncuran berawak pada Oktober 1999, sebelum milenium baru.
 
Keempat tes penerbangan berawak pertama terjadi pada tahun 1999, 2001 dan 2002. Ini diikuti dengan peluncuran berawak lain pada 12 Oktober 2005. Hal ini diluncurkan pada [[Long March 2F]] dari [[Pusat Peluncuran Satelit Jiuquan]]. Perintah misi pusat adalah Beijing Aerospace Command and Control Center. ''China Manned Space Engineering Office'' menyediakan teknik dan dukungan administratif untuk misi Shenzhou berawak.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.spacefoundation.org/news/story.php?id=943 |title=China's Manned Space Program Takes the Stage at 26th National Space Symposium |date=April 10, 2010 |publisher=The Space Foundation |access-date=2013-11-06 |archive-date=2011-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004121852/http://www.spacefoundation.org/news/story.php?id=943 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
 
Nama ini banyak diterjemahkan sebagai "''Divine Ark"'', "kapal Ilahi" atau mirip, tetapi juga merupakan referensi ke nama sastra untuk Cina dengan pengucapan yang sama (神州, harfiah "Tanah Ilahi").
 
== Misi ==
=== Misi tak berawak ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! Mission
! Launch
! Duration
! Landing
! Notes
|-
| [[Shenzhou 1]] || 19 November 1999 || 0 d 21 h 11 m || 20 November 1999 || Unmanned test flight
|-
| [[Shenzhou 2]] || 9 January 2001 || 7 d 10 h 22 m || 16 January 2001 || Carried scientific payload including monkey, dog, rabbit and other animals.
|-
| [[Shenzhou 3]] || 25 March 2002 || 6 d 18 h 51 m || 1 April 2002 || Carried a test dummy.
|-
| [[Shenzhou 4]] || 29 December 2002 || 6 d 18 h 36 m || 5 January 2003 || Carried a test dummy and several science experiments.
|-
| [[Shenzhou 8]] || 31 October 2011 || 16 d 13 h 34 m || 17 November 2011 || Unmanned mission, rendezvoused and docked with [[Tiangong-1]].
|}
 
=== Misi berawak ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! Order
! Patch
! Mission
! Launch
! Duration
! Landing
! width=270 colspan="6"| Crew
! Notes
|-
|1 || || [[Shenzhou 5]] || 15 October 2003 || 0 d 21 h 22 m 45 s || 15 October 2003 ||colspan="6"| [[Yang Liwei]] || First Chinese manned flight, 14 Earth orbits.
|-
|2 || || [[Shenzhou 6]] || 12 October 2005 || 4 d 19 h 33 m || 16 October 2005 ||colspan="3"| [[Fei Junlong]] ||colspan="3"| [[Nie Haisheng]] || Multiple days in space, 75 orbits.
|-
|3 || || [[Shenzhou 7]] || 25 September 2008 || 2 d 20 h 27 m || 28 September 2008 ||colspan="2"| [[Zhai Zhigang]] ||colspan="2"| [[Liu Boming]] ||colspan="2"| [[Jing Haipeng]] || First three-person crew, first Chinese spacewalk.
|-
|4 |||| [[Shenzhou 9]] || 16 June 2012 || 12 d 15 h 24 m || 29 June 2012 ||colspan="2"| Jing Haipeng ||colspan="2"| [[Liu Wang]] ||colspan="2"| [[Liu Yang (astronaut)|Liu Yang]] || First Chinese woman in space; first [[spacecraft docking|docking]] with [[Tiangong-1]] space station, 18 June 2012, 06:07 UTC.<ref>
{{cite news|author=Jonathan Amos|title=Shenzhou-9 docks with Tiangong-1|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-18481806|work=BBC|date=18 June 2012|accessdate=21 June 2012}}</ref>
|-
|5 || || [[Shenzhou 10]] || 11 June 2013 || 15 d || 26 June 2013 ||colspan="2"| Nie Haisheng ||colspan="2"| [[Zhang Xiaoguang]] ||colspan="2"| [[Wang Yaping]] || Second Chinese woman in space; second [[spacecraft docking|docking]] with [[Tiangong-1]] space station.
|}
 
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Program Tiangong]], sebuah program [[stasiun luar angkasa|stasiun ruang angkasa]] dari Republik Rakyat Tiongkok
== Referensi ==
{{commons|Shenzhou}}
Baris 12 ⟶ 60:
{{Reflist}}
;General
* http://www.dragoninspace.com/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017214139/http://www.dragoninspace.com/ |date=2013-10-17 }}
*{{cite web | url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/shenzhou.htm|title=Shenzhou|accessdate=21 July 2005 }}
* {{cite newsweb | url=http://newswww.bbcastronautix.co.uk/1/hi/scicom/techcraft/2829349shenzhou.stmhtm|title=China's first astronaut revealedShenzhou|publisheraccessdate=BBC|date=721 July March2005 2003}}
* {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2829349.stm|title=China's first astronaut revealed|publisher=BBC|date=7 March 2003}}
*{{cite web | url=http://www.cns.miis.edu/pubs/week/031006.htm|title=Brief history of Russian aid to Chinese space program|accessdate=7 June 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070408034953/http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/week/031006.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 8 April 2007}}
* {{cite web | url=http://www.spacecns.commiis.edu/pubs/newsweek/china_russia_991122031006.htmlhtm| title=Details onBrief purchasehistory of SoyuzRussian descentaid capsuleto byChinese China,space Space.comprogram| accessdate=7 June 2007| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070408034953/http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/week/031006.htm| archivedate=2007-04-08| dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.space.com/news/china_russia_991122.html|title=Details on purchase of Soyuz descent capsule by China, Space.com|accessdate=7 June 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000823200527/http://www.space.com/news/china_russia_991122.html|archivedate=2000-08-23|dead-url=no}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/shenzhou Flickr: Photos tagged with shenzhou], photos likely relating to Shenzhou spacecraft
 
 
[[Kategori:Program Shenzhou| ]]▼
 
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