Gaji satu dolar: Perbedaan antara revisi

Sejumlah petinggi eksekutif di perusahaan besar dan pemerintahan mendapatkan '''gaji satu [[dolar Amerika Serikat]]''' setiap tahunnya.<ref>{{cite news|last=Isaac |first=Mike |url=http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/one-dollar-ceo-zuckerberg-page/ |title=A Dollar for Your Thoughts: Silicon Valley's Famed Single-Digit Salaries |publisher=Wired.com |date= |accessdate=January 3, 2013|archive-date=2014-02-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227072824/http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/one-dollar-ceo-zuckerberg-page|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://14clicks.com/executives-1-dollar-salaries/ |title=10 High-Powered Executives with $1 Salaries |publisher=14clicks.com |date= |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=2013-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106090434/http://14clicks.com/executives-1-dollar-salaries/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VmQiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EKwFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2392,2535971&dq=salary-of-one-dollar&hl=en |title=Vanderlip Leaves Biggest Bank and Will Aid McAdoo |publisher=The Owosso Argus-Press |date=September 25, 1917 |accessdate=January 3, 2013|archive-date=2015-12-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223114324/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VmQiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EKwFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2392,2535971&dq=salary-of-one-dollar&hl=en|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== ''Dollar-a-year men'' ==

''"Dollar-a-year men"'' adalah eksekutif perusahaan dan pemerintahan yang membantu pemerintah memobilisasi dan mengelola industri Amerika Serikat sepanjang perang, termasuk [[Perang Dunia I]], [[Perang Dunia II]], dan [[Perang Korea]]. Hukum Amerika Serikat melarang pemerintah menerima jasa relawan yang tidak dibayar. Orang-orang yang dipekerjakan pemerintah harus digaji dan gaji tersebut memperjelas hubungan legal mereka sebagai karyawan pemerintah.<ref>Anne Cipriano Venzon, ed., ''The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia'' (Routledge, 1999), 203–4 [http://books.google.com/books?id=YiZRC8bsOuoC&pg=PA203& available online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728042235/https://books.google.com/books?id=YiZRC8bsOuoC&pg=PA203&hl=en |date=2023-07-28 }}, accessed January 2, 2013</ref> Misalnya, Gubernur Massachusetts [[Alvan T. Fuller]] yang dari dulu memang sudah kaya menjalani masa jabatannya dengan gaji satu dolar.<ref>''New York Times'': [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20A13FC345E1B7A93C2AB1782D85F428285F9& "Fuller Explains Refusal of Salary, September 20, 1926] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103155241/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20A13FC345E1B7A93C2AB1782D85F428285F9& |date=2012-11-03 }}, accessed July 24, 2010</ref> Pada Perang Dunia II, sosialita [[Doris Duke]] bekerja di kantin pelaut Amerika Serikat di [[Mesir]] dengan gaji yang sama.<ref name=nytobit>{{cite news |author=Pace, Eric |title=Doris Duke, 80, Heiress Whose Great Wealth Couldn't Buy Happiness, Is Dead |work=[[The New York Times]] | date=October 28, 1993 |accessdate=January 2, 2013 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/29/obituaries/doris-duke-80-heiress-whose-great-wealth-couldn-t-buy-happiness-is-dead.html|archive-date=2023-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419154550/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/29/obituaries/doris-duke-80-heiress-whose-great-wealth-couldn-t-buy-happiness-is-dead.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Pada masa [[Perang Dunia II]], [[C. D. Howe]], "[[Menteri Segalanya]]" Kanada, menciptakan program persenjataan kembali yang dioperasikan oleh orang-orang bergaji "sedolar setahun".<ref name=cdhowe>{{cite web|url=http://collections.ic.gc.ca/heirloom_series/volume5/218-221.htm|title=Clarence Decatur Howe|work=Canada's Digital Collections|author=Art Bailey|access-date=2013-09-12|archive-date=2009-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831160915/http://collections.ic.gc.ca/heirloom_series/volume5/218-221.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Contoh lainnya adalah [[John Wilson McConnell]], pemilik dan penerbit ''[[Montreal Star]]'', yang diangkat menjadi Direktur Lisensi untuk Dewan Perdagangan Perang secara sukarela.<ref name=McConnell>{{cite web|url=http://collections.ic.gc.ca/heirloom_series/volume6/318-319.htm|title=John Wilson McConnell|work=Canada's Digital Collections|author=Mel James|access-date=2013-09-12|archive-date=2009-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091127202507/http://collections.ic.gc.ca/heirloom_series/volume6/318-319.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

Ada beberapa karyawan pemerintah masa kini yang digaji satu dolar, seperti Gubernur California [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Mike Tuttle |url=http://www.webpronews.com/zuckerbergs-one-dollar-salary-2012-02 |title=Zuckerberg's One-Dollar Salary: Why Do CEOs Do That? |publisher=WebProNews |date= |accessdate=January 4, 2013 |archive-date=2013-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403174243/http://www.webpronews.com/zuckerbergs-one-dollar-salary-2012-02 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Mitt Romney]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scpr.org/programs/madeleine-brand/2012/01/06/22031/dollar-a-year/ |title=How does a dollar a year salary work?C |publisher=Scpr.org |date=January 6, 2012 |accessdate=January 4, 2013 |archive-date=2014-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202122510/http://www.scpr.org/programs/madeleine-brand/2012/01/06/22031/dollar-a-year/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> WalikotaWali Kota New York City [[Michael Bloomberg]], dan putri sulung Bloomberg, Emma, yang juga bekerja di jajaran pemerintahan kota.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ryV8xtt6OPYC&pg=PA376&dq=%22One-dollar+salary%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hW3mULShFdK80AHyyoCQAw&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=%22One-dollar%20salary%22&f=false|title=The Undecided Voter's Guide to the Next President: Who the Candidates Are ...|author=Mark Halperin|publisher=|date=|accessdate=January 4, 2013}}</ref>

== Kompensasi alternatif ==

Meski banyak eksekutif bergaji satu dolar yang tidak mau menerima kompensasi lain, ada pula eksekutif yang menerima bonus dan kompensasi senilai jutaan dolar. Misalnya, pada tahun 2010-2011 pendiri dan CEO [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] [[Larry Ellison]] hanya digaji $1, tetapi mendapatkan kompensasi senilai lebih dari $77 juta.<ref>{{cite web |last=Brush |first=Michael |url=http://money.msn.com/investing/the-myth-of-the-1-dollar-ceo-brush.aspx |title=The myth of the $1 CEO – 1 – executive compensation – MSN Money |publisher=Money.msn.com |date=January 17, 2012 |accessdate=January 2, 2013 |archive-date=2013-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606053938/http://money.msn.com/investing/the-myth-of-the-1-dollar-ceo-brush.aspx |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Kadang-kadang, sebagai pengganti gaji, para eksekutif menerima [[opsi saham]].<ref name=businessweek>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/content/may2007/db20070509_992600.htm|title=The Elite Circle of $1 CEOs|last=Herbst|first=Moira|date=May 10, 2007|work=BusinessWeek|accessdate=July 25, 2009|archive-date=2009-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090529053339/http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/content/may2007/db20070509_992600.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name=abc>{{Cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Business/Economy/story?id=6378775&page=1|title=The Other Side of the $1 Salary|last=Mayerowitz|first=Scott|date=December 3, 2008|work=ABC News|accessdate=July 25, 2009|archive-date=2009-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907054712/http://abcnews.go.com/Business/Economy/story?id=6378775&page=1|dead-url=no}}</ref> Di Amerika Serikat, pendekatan ini memengaruhi [[kewajiban hukum|kewajiban]] [[pajak pendapatan|pajak pribadi]], karena walaupun saham dan opsi saham dibebankan pajak sesuai nilai pendapatan federal, keduanya bisa dikecualikan dari [[pajak gaji]] (biasanya 7,65%) yang dipakai untuk mendanai [[Social Security (Amerika Serikat)|Jaminan Sosial]] dan [[Medicare (Amerika Serikat)|Medicare]].<ref>{{cite web |title= IRS Extends Indefinitely Stock Option FICA/FUTA Tax Withholding Moratorium |first= Steven M. |last= Margolis |work= Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP |url= http://www.weil.com/news/pubdetail.aspx?pub=8044 |access-date= 2013-09-12 |archive-date= 2013-11-09 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131109092152/http://www.weil.com/news/pubdetail.aspx?pub=8044 |dead-url= yes }}</ref>

Para eksekutif berpendapat bahwa remunerasi dengan saham mempererat kinerja manajemen dengan tunjangan keuangannya.<ref name=businessweek/> Asumsinya, harga saham mencerminkan nilai perusahaan yang sesungguhnya sekaligus kinerja manajemen perusahaan. Sejumlah kritikus berpendapat bahwa insentif ini mendorong perencanaan jangka pendek alih-alih jangka panjang.

== Pekerja bergaji satu digit ==

[[FileBerkas:Eric Schmidt at the 37th G8 Summit in Deauville 037.jpg|thumbjmpl|180px|[[Eric Schmidt]]]]

[[FileBerkas:Meg Whitman crop.jpg|thumbjmpl|180px|[[Meg Whitman]]]]

* [[N. R. Narayana Murthy]] ([[Infosys]]) <ref name="Infosys">[{{Cite web |url=http://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/N._R._Narayana_Murthy] |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2013-09-12 |archive-date=2023-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330185547/https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/N._R._Narayana_Murthy |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Michael Bloomberg]] ([[WalikotaWali kota New York City]])

* [[Sergey Brin]] ([[Google]])<ref name=Google>{{cite web |url=http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312506010016/d8k.htm |title=Google SEC Filing 2006 |publisher=Sec.gov |date= |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=2021-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506132235/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312506010016/d8k.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Larry Ellison]] ([[Oracle Corporation]])

* [[Darren Entwistle]] ([[TELUS]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://about.telus.com/investors/annualreport2011/our_message_and_team/ceos_letter/a_passion_for_growth/ |title=TELUS Annual Report 2011 – CEO letter to investors |publisher=About.telus.com |date=December 31, 1999 |accessdate=January 2, 2013 |archive-date=2013-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204041327/http://about.telus.com/investors/annualreport2011/our_message_and_team/ceos_letter/a_passion_for_growth/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

* [[Richard Fairbank]] ([[Capital One Financial]])<ref name="businessweek.com">[{{Cite web |url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-09-14/the-elite-circle-of-1-ceosbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice] |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2013-09-12 |archive-date=2013-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503223103/http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-09-14/the-elite-circle-of-1-ceosbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Steve Jobs]] ([[Apple Inc.|Apple]]), tidak menerima kompensasi (opsi saham, bonus, dll.) sejak 2003 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/AAPL/1661508868x0x531628/b6ec469d-aff8-4eef-9077-1defc2258f6b/2012_Proxy.pdf |title=Apple's 2012 Proxy |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=2012-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907093237/http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/AAPL/1661508868x0x531628/b6ec469d-aff8-4eef-9077-1defc2258f6b/2012_Proxy.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://investor.apple.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=1193125-09-2537&CIK=320193 |title=Apple's 2009 Proxy |publisher=Investor.apple.com |date=January 7, 2009 |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=2014-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413150351/http://investor.apple.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=1193125-09-2537&CIK=320193 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://investor.apple.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=1104659-07-28382&CIK=320193 |title=Apple's 2007 Proxy |publisher=Investor.apple.com |date=April 16, 2007 |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=2014-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413142842/http://investor.apple.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=1104659-07-28382&CIK=320193 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

* [[John Mackey (businessman)|John Mackey]] ([[Whole Foods Market]]), tidak menerima kompensasi (opsi saham, bonus, dll.)<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6726969.stm "Whole Foods – a retail phenomenon"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530065433/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6726969.stm |date=2023-05-30 }}, [[BBC News]], June 6, 2007.</ref>

* [[Mark Pincus]] ([[Zynga]])<ref name="VB April 2013">{{cite news|last=Grubb|first=Jeffrey|title=Zynga CEO volunteers to reduce his salary to $1 Read more at http://venturebeat.com/2013/04/05/zynga-ceo-volunteers-to-reduce-his-salary-to-1/#UOFr7R2T0kKZeX33.99|url=http://venturebeat.com/2013/04/05/zynga-ceo-volunteers-to-reduce-his-salary-to-1/|accessdate=15 April 2013|newspaper=VentureBeat|date=5 April 2013|archive-date=2021-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218023329/https://venturebeat.com/2013/04/05/zynga-ceo-volunteers-to-reduce-his-salary-to-1/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* [[Richard Riordan]] (WalikotaWali Kota Los Angeles)<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.scpr.org/programs/madeleine-brand/2012/01/06/22031/dollar-a-year/] |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2013-09-12 |archive-date=2014-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202122510/http://www.scpr.org/programs/madeleine-brand/2012/01/06/22031/dollar-a-year/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

* [[Henry Samueli]] ([[Broadcom Corporation]])<ref>[http://66.218.69.11/search/cache?ei=UTF-8&p=henry+samueli+salary&fr=yfp-t-501&u=swz.salary.com/execcomp/layouthtmls/excl_execreport_103441.html&w=henry+samueli+salary&d=eC_Px-ljO9R-&icp=1&.intl=us Compensation for Henry Samueli, BROADCOM, Chairman of the Board of Directors (effective May 21, 2003)<!-- Bot generated title -->]{{Pranala mati|date=Januari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

* [[Terry Semel]] ([[Yahoo!]])<ref name="businessweek.com"/>

* [[Sehat Sutardja]] ([[Marvell Technology Group]])<ref name=Marvell>[http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/marvell-techs-ceo-acting-coo/story.aspx?guid={3C6E2756-3E5B-4566-8AC4-F6F5929D42C6} Marvell Tech's CEO, Acting COO Take Salary Cut, Each To Be Paid $1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728042236/https://www.marketwatch.com/story/marvell-techs-ceo-acting-coo-take-salary-cut-each-to-be-paid-1 |date=2023-07-28 }}, January 16, 2008.</ref>

* [[Meg Whitman]] ([[Hewlett-Packard]])<ref>[http://money.cnn.com/2011/09/30/technology/meg_whitman_salary/index.htm?source=cnn_bin HP CEO Meg Whitman's salary: $1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001071805/http://money.cnn.com/2011/09/30/technology/meg_whitman_salary/index.htm?source=cnn_bin |date=2011-10-01 }} at CNN Money</ref>

* [[Jerry Yang (pengusaha)|Jerry Yang]] ([[Yahoo!]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paidcontent.org/entry/419-10-q-watch-yahoos-acquisitions-yang-salary/ |title=10-Q Watch: Yahoo's Acquisitions; Yang Salary |publisher=paidContent.org |date=August 9, 2007 |accessdate=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=2009-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210081959/http://www.paidcontent.org/entry/419-10-q-watch-yahoos-acquisitions-yang-salary/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

== Referensi ==

== Bacaan lanjutan ==

* {{Cite news|url=http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/06/01/a-1-ceo-isn%E2%80%99t-a-bargain/|title=A $1 CEO isn't a bargain|last=Kimes|first=Mina|date=June 1, 2011|work=[[CNN]]|publisher=Fortune Management|accessdate=June 1, 2011|archive-date=2013-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909035120/http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/06/01/a-1-ceo-isn%e2%80%99t-a-bargain/|dead-url=yes}}

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[[CategoryKategori:Pendapatan]]

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